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Zhao Z, Shen Y, Liu Y, Wang J, Ma M, Pan J, Wang D, Wang C, Li J. Investigation of silicon doped carbon dots/Carboxymethyl cellulose gel platform with tunable afterglow and dynamic multistage anticounterfeiting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:142-151. [PMID: 38833734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The remarkable optical properties of carbon dots, particularly their tunable room-temperature phosphorescence, have garnered significant interest. However, challenges such as aggregation propensity and complex phosphorescence control via energy level manipulation during synthesis persist. Addressing these issues, we present a facile gel platform for tunable afterglow materials. This involves chemically cross-linking biomass-derived silicon-doped carbon dots with carboxymethylcellulose and incorporating non-precious metal salts (BaCl2, CaCl2, MgCl2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, ZnSO4) to enhance phosphorescence. Metal salts boost intersystem crossing via spin-orbit coupling, elevating triplet state transitions and activating phosphorescence. Chemical bonding and salt-induced coordination/electrostatic interactions establish confinement effects, suppressing non-radiative transitions. Diverse salt-gel interactions yield gels with tunable phosphorescence lifetimes (9.48 ms to 32.13-492.39 ms), corresponding to afterglow durations ranging from 3.20 to 11.86 s. With its broad tunability and high recognition, this gel material exhibits promising potential for dynamic multilevel anti-counterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Mingjian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Jiangbo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Simões R, Rodrigues J, Neto V, Monteiro T, Gonçalves G. Carbon Dots: A Bright Future as Anticounterfeiting Encoding Agents. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311526. [PMID: 38396215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Counterfeit products and data vulnerability present significant challenges in contemporary society. Hence, various methods and technologies are explored for anticounterfeiting encoding, with luminescent tracers, particularly luminescent carbon dots (CDs), emerging as a notable solution. CDs offer promising contributions to product security, environmental sustainability, and the circular economy. This critical review aims to highlight the luminescence responsiveness of CDs to physical and chemical stimuli, achieved through nanoengineering their chemical structure. The discussion will delve into the various tunable luminescence mechanisms and decay times of CDs, investigating preferential excitations such as up-conversion, delayed fluorescence, fluorescence, room temperature phosphorescence, persistent luminescence, energy and charge transfer, as well as photo-chemical interactions. These insights are crucial for advancing anticounterfeiting solutions. Following this exploration, a systematic review will focus on the research of luminescent CDs' smart encoding applications, encompassing anticounterfeiting, product tracing, quality certification, and information encryption. Finally, the review will address key challenges in implementing CDs-based technology, providing specific insights into strategies aimed at maximizing their stability and efficacy in anticounterfeiting encoding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Simões
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), Guimarães, Portugal., LASI, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
- i3N, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Joana Rodrigues
- i3N, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Victor Neto
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), Guimarães, Portugal., LASI, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Teresa Monteiro
- i3N, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Gil Gonçalves
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- i3N, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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Hong KI, Choi S, Oh S, Ahn HS, Jang WD. Electrofluorochromic Hydrogels by Oligothiophene-Based Color-Tunable Fluorescent Dye Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:31384-31391. [PMID: 38855921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Soft electronic materials hold great promise for advancing flexible functional devices. Among the various soft materials available, hydrogels are particularly attractive for soft electronic device development due to their inherent properties, including transparency, shape adaptability through swelling/deswelling, and self-healing capabilities. Transparent hydrogels contribute to the creation of advanced smart devices such as sensors, smart windows, and anticounterfeiting technologies. Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels are used as a platform for creating electrofluorochromic (EFC) devices in combination with oligothiophene-conjugated benzothiazole derivatives (OCBs) as fluorescent emitters. OCBs demonstrated excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) behavior with a large Stokes shift and emission changes responsive to solvent polarity and pH stimuli. Even in the solid state, OCBs exhibited strong fluorescence emission across a wide range of colors from blue to red, making them exceptionally well-suited for EFC device development. Their quantum yields in the powder state were obtained between 2.3% and 19.9%. Through the incorporation of OCBs into a PVA hydrogel (OCB@PVA), we achieved the successful fabrication of flexible EFC devices, including electronic paper and smart panels. When electric potentials (-2.4 and +2.4 V) were applied in OCB@PVA, fluorescence color changes were observed by an electrochemically induced pH change owing to electrohydrolysis of water. These devices demonstrated the potential of OCB@PVA hydrogels in the realm of flexible electronics. They could be used to create innovative and versatile devices with stimuli-responsive fluorescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Im Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun S Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Abdelrahman MS, Khattab TA. Recent advances in photoresponsive printing inks for security encoding applications. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4800. [PMID: 38923447 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Counterfeiting of banknotes, important documents, and branded goods continues to be a major worldwide problem for governments, businesses, and consumers. This problem has serious financial, security, and health implications. Due to their stability for printing on various substrates, the photochromic anticounterfeiting inks have received important interest. There have been various photochromic agents, such as polymer nanoparticles, quantum and carbon dots, and organic and inorganic fluorophores and luminophores, which have been broadly used for antiforging applications. In comparison to organic agents, inorganic photochromic materials have better stability under reversible/long-term light illumination. Recently, the remarkable optical characteristics and chemical stability of photoluminescent and photochromic agents have led to their extensive usage anticounterfeiting products. There have been also several strategies to tackle the rising problem of counterfeiting. Both of solvent-based and water-based inks have been developed for security encoding purposes. Additionally, the printing methods, including screen printing, labeling, stamping, inkjet printing, and handwriting, that have been used to apply anticounterfeiting inks onto various surfaces are discussed. The limitations of photoluminescent and photochromic agents and the potential for their future preparation to combat counterfeiting were discussed. This review would benefit academic researchers and industrial developers who are interested in the area of security printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meram S Abdelrahman
- Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tawfik A Khattab
- Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhao Z, Jing Y, Shen Y, Liu Y, Wang J, Ma M, Pan J, Wang D, Wang C, Li J. Silicon-Doped Carbon Dots Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Cellulose Gel: Detection and Adsorption of Fe 3. Gels 2024; 10:285. [PMID: 38786202 PMCID: PMC11120848 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive emission of iron will pollute the environment and harm human health, so the fluorescence detection and adsorption of Fe3+ are of great significance. In the field of water treatment, cellulose-based gels have attracted wide attention due to their excellent properties and environmental friendliness. If carbon dots are used as a crosslinking agent to form a gel with cellulose, it can not only improve mechanical properties but also show good biocompatibility, reactivity, and fluorescence properties. In this study, silicon-doped carbon dots/carboxymethyl cellulose gel (DCG) was successfully prepared by chemically crosslinking biomass-derived silicon-doped carbon dots with carboxymethyl cellulose. The abundant crosslinking points endow the gel with excellent mechanical properties, with a compressive strength reaching 294 kPa. In the experiment on adsorbing Fe3+, the theoretical adsorption capacity reached 125.30 mg/g. The introduction of silicon-doped carbon dots confers the gel with excellent fluorescence properties and a good selective response to Fe3+. It exhibits a good linear relationship within the concentration range of 0-100 mg/L, with a detection limit of 0.6595 mg/L. DCG appears to be a good application prospect in the adsorption and detection of Fe3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yichang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mingjian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiangbo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.J.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (M.M.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Huang L, Zhang D, Bu N, Zhong Y, Tan P, Lin H, Pang J, Mu R. Pullulan nanofibrous films incorporated with W/O emulsions via microfluidic solution blow spinning technology. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130437. [PMID: 38412935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
In this work, pullulan (PUL) nanofibrous films incorporated with water-in-oil emulsions (PE) were prepared by microfluidic blowing spinning (MBS). The microstructures of nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). With the addition of W/O emulsions, the thermal stability, mechanical, and water barrier properties of PUL nanofibers were improved. Increases in emulsion content significantly affected the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of nanofibrous films. ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging rates increased from 10.26 % and 8.57 % to 60.66 % and 57.54 %, respectively. The inhibition zone of PE nanofibers against E. coli and S. aureus increased from 11.00 to 20.00 and from 15.67 to 21.17 mm, respectively. In addition, we investigated the freshness effectiveness of PE nanofibrous films on fresh-cut apples. PE nanofibrous films significantly maintained the firmness, and reduced the weight loss and browning index of the fresh-cut apple, throughout the 4 days of storage. Thus, the PE nanofibrous films exhibited good potential to prolong the shelf life of fresh-cut fruit and promote the development of active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Huang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Nitong Bu
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhong
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Pingping Tan
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Huanglong Lin
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jie Pang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Ruojun Mu
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Gong X, Xu Q, Li J, Ma Y, Li X, Wu W, Wang H. Hydrophobic Mn-Doped Solid-State Red-Emitting Carbon Nanodots with AIE Effect and Their Hydrogel Composites for Color-Changing Anticounterfeiting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304673. [PMID: 37731094 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation-caused quenching has always limited the high concentration and solid-state applications of carbon nanodots. While the aggregation-induced emission effect, dominated by intramolecular motion, may be an effective means to solve this problem. Here, hydrophobic solid-state red-light carbon nanodots (M-CDs) with 95% yield are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method using 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid as the carbon source and manganese acetate as the dopant source. The disulfide bond of 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid serves as the symmetry center of molecular rotation and Mn catalyzes the synthesis of M-CDs, which promotes the formation of the central graphitic carbon structure. The M-CDs/agar hydrogel composites can achieve fluorescence transition behavior because of the special fluorescence transition properties of M-CDs. When this composite hydrogel is placed in water, water molecules contact with M-CDs through the network structure of the hydrogels, making the aggregated hydrogels of M-CDs fluorescence orange-red under 365 nm excitation. While in dimethyl sulfoxide, water molecules in the hydrogels network are replaced and the M-CDs fluoresce blue when dispersed, providing a potential application in information encryption. In addition, high-performance monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED) devices are prepared by compounding M-CDs with epoxy resin and coating them on 365 nm LED chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Wanze Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, P. R. China
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Zhou N, Long S, Song D, Hui B, Cui X, An C, Zhang M. Fabrication of carbon dots-embedded luminescent transparent wood with ultraviolet blocking and thermal insulating capacities towards smart window application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129358. [PMID: 38218267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
To expand functions of transparent wood (TW) including fluorescence, ultraviolet blocking, heat preservation and insulation, we adopted carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to prepare luminescent transparent wood. CQDs with yellow/red fluorescence (YCD/RCD) were prepared by chitosan and o-phenylenediamine. Afterwards, Balsa woods were pretreated to obtain wood frameworks (DW/LW), which were further combined with epoxy resin for achieving transparent woods (DW-TW/LW-TW). Results showed LW retained more lignin, the LW-TW blocked more ultraviolet light, displaying the better visible transmission and mechanical strength than DW-TW. After adding YCD and RCD to LW-TW, the yellow and red fluorescence transparent woods with outstanding mechanical and ultraviolet blocking properties were prepared, especially the red fluorescence transparent wood (RTW). Specifically, the tensile strength and elongation at break of RTW reached up to 19.39 MPa and 5.35 %, respectively. Moreover, RTW could block 78.8 % of UV-B light and 78 % of UV-A light, respectively. Besides, RTW possessed excellent visible transmission (70.3 %) and UV blocking (88.87 %). Significantly, both RTW and YTW displayed outstanding water repellency, excellent durability, good thermal stability and insulation. Predictably, luminescent transparent woods certainly will enhance the adaptability of wood, and broaden its applications in green decoration, lighting setup, sensor and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyu Zhou
- Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Shoufu Long
- Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Dongsheng Song
- Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Bin Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fiber and Ecological Textile, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xinjie Cui
- Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Congcong An
- Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China.
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Mogharbel AT, Ashour GRS, Alkhamis K, Al-bonayan AM, Abualnaja MM, Qurban J, Katouah HA, El-Metwaly NM. Preparation of Self-Healing Anthocyanidin-Containing Thermochromic Alginate Ink for Authentication Purposes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1562-1572. [PMID: 38222558 PMCID: PMC10785329 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Thermochromic inks have proven to be a promising security encoding approach for making commercially available products less susceptible to forgery. However, thermochromic inks have been plagued with poor durability. Thus, self-healable hydrogels can be used as self-repair inks with better durability. Herein, we combined hybrid cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and sodium alginate (SA) with anthocyanidin(Cy)-based Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata extract in the existence of mordant (ferrous sulfate) to create a self-healing ink for authentication. CNFs were used as a reinforcement agent to enhance the mechanical strength of the sodium alginate hydrogel. Both durability and thermal stability were ensured using self-healing inks. Red cabbage was used to extract Cy-based chromophore as an environmentally friendly spectroscopic probe for immobilization into SA. Using varying concentrations of anthocyanidin, self-healable composite hydrogels (Cy@SA) with thermochromic properties were provided. Using the CIE Lab color coordinate system, homogeneous purple (569 nm) films were printed onto a sheet surface. Upon heating from 25 to 70 °C, the purple color changed to red (433 nm). Transmission electron microscopy was applied to study anthocyanidin/mordant (Cy/M) nanoparticles (NPs). The properties of the applied prints were analyzed using several methods. Both the hydrogel and stamped sheets were tested for their mechanical and rheological characteristics, respectively. Research on the nanocomposite ink (Cy@SA) antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity was also conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal T. Mogharbel
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Tabuk, 71474 Tabuk, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Gadeer R. S. Ashour
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 24382 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Kholood Alkhamis
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Tabuk, 71474 Tabuk, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Ameena M. Al-bonayan
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 24382 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Matokah M. Abualnaja
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 24382 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Jihan Qurban
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 24382 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Hanadi A. Katouah
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 24382 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Nashwa M. El-Metwaly
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 24382 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, El-Gomhoria
Street, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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