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Ozcan BE, Karakas CY, Karadag A. Application of purple basil leaf anthocyanins-loaded alginate-carrageenan emulgel beads in gelatin-based jelly candies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134547. [PMID: 39116974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Jelly candies could be considered promising food matrices for the delivery of bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins (ACNs). In this study, gelatin-based jelly candies were fortified with free ACNs-rich purple basil leaf extract (PBLE) and PBLE-loaded emulgel beads. The interaction between free ACNs and gelatin in the jelly matrix resulted in a lower release of ACNs in the mouth (8.27 %) and gastric stage (74.44 %) compared to those of free extract (24.92 and 86.13 %), as well as some protection in the intestinal stage. The release of ACNs from the jellies enriched with PBLE-loaded emulgel beads only began in the intestinal stage and reached 66.34-70.75 % of the initial load. Compared to those of PBLE-loaded emulgel beads, the introduction of beads within the jelly matrix increased the in vitro release of ACNs. The jelly samples enriched with PBLE-loaded emulgel beads yielded higher hardness, adhesiveness, flexibility, and chewiness compared to samples with free PBLE. While the color and appearance of jellies fortified with encapsulated PBLE were impaired, they got the highest sensory acceptance scores due to the masking of the bitter taste of the free extract. ACNs-loaded emulgel beads could be a viable method for fortifying jelly candies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Ebru Ozcan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kirklareli University, Kırklareli 39000, Türkiye.
| | - Canan Yagmur Karakas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34210, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Karadag
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34210, Türkiye
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Zhang YX, Wang YS, Chen Y, Luan QY, Ding MY, Chen HH. Effects of secondary cross-linking on the physicochemical properties of sodium alginate-hydrogel and in vitro release of anthocyanins. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133926. [PMID: 39025180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
To enhance the physicochemical properties and extend the release duration of sodium alginate (SA) hydrogels, this study explored the impact of acidifier type and the number of cross-linking on the physicochemical characteristics and in vitro anthocyanin release from SA hydrogels, utilizing calcium carbonate as the cross-linking agent. The findings revealed that the utilization of gluconolactone (GDL) as an acidifying agent in the preparation of SA hydrogels, as opposed to hydrochloric acid, resulted in a deceleration of the hydrolysis process of calcium carbonate. This deceleration led to the strengthening of hydrogen-bonding interactions and the development of a more compact network structure within the SA hydrogels. Consequently, there was a noticeable enhancement in the hardness, relaxation time, and anthocyanin encapsulation efficiency of the gels. Additionally, the release of anthocyanins in simulated intestinal fluid was delayed. Secondary cross-linking was found to facilitate ionic interactions between SA and Ca2+, further intensifying the denseness of the network structure and enhancing the physicochemical characteristics of the SA hydrogels. Overall, SA hydrogels processed with GDL as the acidifier and subjected to secondary cross-linking exhibited improved physicochemical properties, delayed release effects, and proved to be an efficient system for the delayed release of anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Qian-Yu Luan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Ming-Yu Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Hai-Hua Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China; Bathurst Future Agri-Tech Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
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Akkuzu N, Karakas CY, Devecioglu D, Karbancıoglu Guler F, Sagdic O, Karadag A. Emulsion-based edible chitosan film containing propolis extract to extend the shelf life of strawberries. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133108. [PMID: 38876246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, propolis was first loaded into a conventional oil-in-water emulsion, which was combined with a chitosan film-forming solution to produce propolis emulsion-loaded film (PEF). Strawberries inoculated with Botrytis cinerea coated with PEF and blank emulsion-loaded films (BEF) were stored for 14 days at 4 °C. Compared to BEF, PEF showed superior mechanical and oxygen barrier properties, as well as antioxidant activities, but higher moisture permeability. PEF showed less oil agglomeration on the film surface after drying, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Compared to uncoated strawberries, coatings did not have a significant effect on weight loss or firmness during storage. In contrast, coated strawberries showed elevated total phenolics, anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid retention; however, PEF-coating yielded higher values. Moreover, the PEF coating resulted in a significantly lower reduction of organic acid and total soluble solids. Mold growth was visible in both uncoated and BEF-coated strawberries after 7 days of storage, while PEF-coated fruits showed no visible mold until the end of storage. Starting from day 4, PEF-coated fruits showed lower mold counts (~2 log CFU/g) than other samples. Therefore, the PEF prepared in this study has application potential for the preservation of fresh fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa Akkuzu
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye; Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Canan Yagmur Karakas
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Dilara Devecioglu
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Funda Karbancıoglu Guler
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Osman Sagdic
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Ayse Karadag
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye.
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Zhang Q, Lin G, Wang H, Jin MC, Dang H, Zhang J, Guo R, Yan H, Niu B, Wang H. Development of smart packaging film incorporated with sodium alginate-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt nanocomplexes encapsulating anthocyanins for monitoring milk freshness. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130336. [PMID: 38387631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study focused on the preparation, functionality, and application of smart food packaging films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and anthocyanins (ACNs) -loaded sodium alginate-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC-SA) nanocomplexes. The average encapsulation rate of anthocyanins-loaded nanocomplexes reached 62.51 %, which improved the hydrophobicity and water vapor barrier of the PVA film. FTIR confirmed that the nanocomplexes were immobilized in the PVA film matrix by hydrogen bonding, which improved the mechanical properties of the film. The SEM and XRD results demonstrated that the HACC-SA-ACNs nanocomplexes were uniformly distributed in the film matrix and the crystallinity of PVA was decreased. The P/HACC-SA-ACNs film showed a significant response to buffers of pH 2-13 and high color stability after 21 days of storage compared to the P/ACNs film. Furthermore, the color of the composite film changed from purple to red as the milk freshness decreased during 72 h of milk freshness monitoring, indicating that the P/HACC-SA-ACNs films were suitable and promising for application as smart packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Gang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Huainian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Ming Chao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Haoming Dang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Ruijie Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Hong Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Baolong Niu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China.
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Li Q, Zhang F, Wang Z, Feng Y, Han Y. Advances in the Preparation, Stability, Metabolism, and Physiological Roles of Anthocyanins: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3969. [PMID: 37959087 PMCID: PMC10647620 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural flavonoid polyphenolic compounds widely found in fruits and vegetables. They exhibit antioxidant properties and prophylactic effects in the immune and cardiovascular systems, confer protection against cancer, and contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, their incorporation into functional foods, pharmaceuticals, supplements, and cosmetic formulations aims at promoting human well-being. This review comprehensively outlined the structural attributes of anthocyanins, expanding upon diverse methodologies employed for their extraction and production. Additionally, the stability, metabolic pathways, and manifold physiological functions of anthocyanins were discussed. However, their constrained fat solubility, susceptibility to instability, and restricted bioavailability collectively curtail their applicability and therapeutic efficacy. Consequently, a multidimensional approach was imperative, necessitating the exploration of innovative pathways to surmount these limitations, thereby amplifying the utilitarian significance of anthocyanins and furnishing pivotal support for their continual advancement and broader application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fengzhen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yaoze Feng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yahong Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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