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Yang S, Chen L, Xiong R, Jiang J, Liu Y, Tan X, Liu T, Zeng Y, Pan X, Zeng Y. Long-term straw return improves cooked indica rice texture by altering starch structural, physicochemical properties in South China. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100965. [PMID: 38144815 PMCID: PMC10739843 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Straw return can improve rice eating quality by modifying starch formation from long-term field trials, whereas the relevant mechanisms are still unknown. A long-term field experiment, including straw removal (CK), straw burning return (SBR), and straw return (SR) was conducted to investigate the starch structure, physicochemical properties, and cooked rice textures of indica early- and late-rice. Compared with CK, SBR and SR enhanced relative crystallinity, amylopectin long chains in both rice seasons, and gelatinization temperatures in late rice. Compared to SBR, SR decreased protein content and amylopectin short chains but increased starch branching degree, breakdown, and stickiness, ultimately contributing to improved starch thermal and pasting properties. Meanwhile, SR decreased hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness, resulting in cooked texture meliorated, which was mainly attributed to amylopectin chain length and starch granule size. The results suggest that SR increased cooked texture of indica rice by altering starch structural and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yang
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biodiversity, Jingdezhen University, 3 Fuliang Avenue, Jingdezhen 333400, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruoyu Xiong
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jiliang Jiang
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Youqing Liu
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xueming Tan
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Taoju Liu
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yongjun Zeng
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yanhua Zeng
- Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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Yuan X, Luo Y, Yang Y, Chen K, Wen Y, Luo Y, Li B, Ma Y, Guo C, Chen Z, Yang Z, Sun Y, Ma J. Effects of postponing nitrogen topdressing on starch structural properties of superior and inferior grains in hybrid indica rice cultivars with different taste values. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1251505. [PMID: 37881615 PMCID: PMC10597642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1251505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Nitrogen (N) fertilizer management, especially postponing N topdressing can affect rice eating quality by regulating starch quality of superior and inferior grains, but the details are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of N topdressing on starch structure and properties of superior and inferior grains in hybrid indica rice with different tastes and to clarify the relationship between starch structure, properties, and taste quality. Methods Two hybrid indica rice varieties, namely the low-taste Fyou 498 and high-taste Shuangyou 573, were used as experimental materials. Based on 150 kg·N hm-2, three N fertilizer treatments were established: zero N (N0), local farmer practice (basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer=7:3:0) (N1), postponing N topdressing (basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer=3:1:6) (N2). Results The starch granules of superior grains were more complete, and the decrease in small granules content and the stability of starch crystals were a certain extent less than those of inferior grains. Compared with N1, under N2, low-taste and high-taste varieties large starch granules content were significantly reduced by 6.89%, 0.74% in superior grains and 4.26%, 2.71% in inferior grains, the (B2 + B3) chains was significantly reduced by 1.61%, 0.98% in superior grains, and 1.18%, 0.97% in inferior grains, both reduced the relative crystallinity and 1045/1022 cm-1, thereby decreasing the stability of the starch crystalline region and the orderliness of starch granules. N2 treatment reduced the ΔHgel of two varieties. These changes ultimately contributed to the enhancement of the taste values in superior and inferior grains in both varieties, especially the inferior grains. Correlation analysis showed that the average starch volume diameter (D[4,3]) and relative crystallinity were significantly positively correlated with the taste value of superior and inferior sgrains, suggesting their potential use as an evaluation index for the simultaneous enhancement of the taste value of rice with superior and inferior grains. Discussion Based on 150 kg·N hm-2, postponing N topdressing (basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer=3:1:6) promotes the enhancement of the overall taste value and provides theoretical information for the production of rice with high quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yuan
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongheng Luo
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kairui Chen
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfang Wen
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinghan Luo
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Li
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangming Ma
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changchun Guo
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Zongkui Chen
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yang
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjian Sun
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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