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Li Z, Yan C, Xu W, Shang Y, Wu Q, Mehmood S, Wang F, Cheng C, Liu Q, Shao Z. Hydrophobic modification of cellulose nanofibers by gallic acid and the application in pressure sensing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129770. [PMID: 38302028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Via rational molecular structure design and using gallic acid (GA) for hydrophobic modification of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), the "polymer dipole" CNF-GA with hydrophilic main chains and hydrophobic side chains was prepared, which improved the poor piezoelectric properties of CNF used for preparing pressure sensors. Due to the appearance of the side chains, the elongation at break of the CNF-GA-2, compared with CNF, was enhanced by 186 %, and the excellent tensile strength, puncture load, and tearing strength were displayed. Moreover, the significant glass transition temperature (Tg) near the human body temperature was exhibited for CNF-GA, making it possible to be applied in temperature sensing. Most importantly, the CNF-GA-2 showed the maximum hydrophobicity, with a contact angle of 76.77°. Finally, the CNF-GA-2/MXene nanocomposite film was prepared by the CNF-GA-2 with MXene through vacuum filtration. The results indicated that the film had excellent piezoelectric properties (d33 = 63.283), the generated stable induced voltage (125.6 mV), the preferable piezoresistive performance (ΔR/R0 = 2.15), the fast response/recovery time (48/61 ms), which could achieve dynamic and static responses. Moreover, this film could be used for real-time detection of limb movements (such as wrists).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunxia Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanlong Shang
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Saqib Mehmood
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Feijun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunzu Cheng
- China Textile Academy, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Qing Yang Chemical Industry Corporation, China North Industries Group Corporation Limited, Liaoning 111002, China
| | - Ziqiang Shao
- Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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