Investigating immune-modulatory function of α-glucopyranose-rich compound polysaccharides by MC38-N4/OT-I co-culture system

Research progress on the bioactivity of compound polysaccharides: A review

Polysaccharides are an important biological response modifier. Due to their mild effects, low toxicity and small side effects, they are widely used. However, the pharmacological activity of compound polysaccharides (composed of two or more types of polysaccharides in a certain proportion) is stronger than that of single polysaccharides and has synergistic effects. Therefore, the research on compound polysaccharides is also increasing. This review systematically collated literature from four prominent databases-PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, MDPI, and CNKI-up to 2024, encapsulating the current findings regarding the diverse biological activities of compound polysaccharides. Experimental investigations predominantly concentrate on immune activity, anti-tumor efficacy, modulation of gut microbiota, and antiviral activity. Among these areas, the synergistic effect of immune activity is particularly pronounced; however, research specifically addressing this phenomenon remains comparatively limited. Future research should continue to explore the ratio of compound polysaccharides and the factors affecting their biological activity through data sharing and multi-institutional cooperation. In addition, the synergistic effect of compound polysaccharides combined with other chemical components or drugs cannot be ignored.

The Age-Dependent Anticancer Efficacy of Agaricus blazei Murill Polysaccharide in Colon Cancer

Agaricus blazei Murill polysaccharide (ABMP) has been found to exhibit significant immune regulatory effects, making them a promising candidate for complementary to the pharmacological treatment of colorectal cancer immune-related diseases. As the prevalence of colorectal cancer among younger individuals increases, the possible age-dependent anticancer modulatory effect of ABMP has not been clarified. This study evaluated the age-dependent immunoregulatory efficacy of polysaccharides extraction from A. blazei in colon tumor. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and vibrational spectroscopic image analysis of subcutaneous tumor tissues after ABMP preventive intervention for 14 weeks were analyzed in depth. In vivo data demonstrated that ABMP could more effectively inhibit the growth of tumor in mice at 8 compared with 12 months old without toxic side effect. Concurrently, Raman imaging spectroscopy analysis showed that ABMP preventive intervention could significantly reduce the lipid content in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of 8-month-old subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that the changes in lipid content in TME are closely related to anticancer activity. These results stress the importance of considering age as a factor in polysaccharide adjuvant anticancer therapy. This work highlights for the first time that age is a key determinant in the ABMP preventive effectiveness by affecting lipid levels in the TME of tumor-bearing mice, thereby exerting anticancer activity.

Preventive intervention with Agaricus blazei murill polysaccharide exerts anti-tumor immune effect on intraperitoneal metastasis colorectal cancer

Agaricus blazei murill (ABM) mainly exerts its antitumor effect via modulation of the immune system. However, the immunomodulatory role of the ABM polysaccharide (ABMP) in mice with subcutaneously and intraperitoneally implanted MC38 tumor remains to be explored. This study aimed to define the progression effect of inhibiting tumor of ABMP in subcutaneous and intraperitoneal models and its effect on tumor microenvironment (TME) metabolism. In vitro experiments showed that ABMP could significantly promote the activity of CD8+ T immune cells in the co-culture system and promoted their colorectal cancer killing function (p < 0.05). In vivo animal exploration further showed that ABMP could inhibit the growth of intraperitoneal but not subcutaneous tumors. MCR-ALS analysis revealed a significant reduction in the signal of lipid-related spectral components in the TME of peritoneal tumors after ABMP intervention. In addition, preventive intervention with ABMP increased ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids content in intraperitoneal TME, revealing that ABMP shifted the metabolic landscape of the TME to promote T cell function and achieved immune regulation. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of ABMP on colon cancer may be tumor stage-dependent, and that remodeling of fatty acid composition may be an important determinant of its action at any given stage.