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Zhang J, Zhang L, He L, Li H, Li Y, Zhang L, Xie M. Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Idiopathic Enlargement of the Right Atrium: An Analysis Based on Systematic Review of 153 Reported Cases. Cardiology 2020; 146:88-97. [PMID: 33242857 DOI: 10.1159/000511434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium (IERA) is a rare cardiac anomaly, and only sporadic cases have been reported. Little is known about its clinical relevance, and inconsistencies in medical and surgical management remain among different settings. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the published cases of the IERA in terms of clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. A total of 153 cases of IERA were covered. Arrhythmia, dyspnea, and palpitation were found to be the most common clinical manifestations. It tends to be associated with life-threatening complications and sudden cardiac death. Diagnosis was mostly established by using echocardiography. Presenting symptoms, abnormal ECG findings, and therapeutic modalities were significantly related to the prognosis of IERA. Symptomatic patients were significantly more likely to have poor outcomes than asymptomatic patients (p = 0.044), and conservative treatment was more associated with adverse outcomes compared to surgical resection (p = 0.016). In conclusion, IERA, although rare, tends to be associated with potential life-threatening complications and sudden cardiac death. Echocardiography is the most common diagnostic modality. Surgical resection is indicated for symptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiomacrovascular Surgery, Shiyan Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuman Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxing Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China,
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Ivanitskaya O, Sologub Y, Tsayuk Y, Zagray A, Kim A. Right atrial appendage aneurysm in a fetus-Does precise prenatal diagnosis matter? ULTRASOUND (LEEDS, ENGLAND) 2020; 28:255-259. [PMID: 36959897 PMCID: PMC10028379 DOI: 10.1177/1742271x20941186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Congenital malformations of the right atrium-aneurysms and diverticula-are rare heart defects with only a few cases having been described prenatally. Early diagnosis of these anomalies is extremely important due to the possibility of such serious complications such as supraventricular arrhythmia, thromboembolic events and sudden death. Topic Description Although each of these anomalies is well known, there are still significant discrepancies in diagnosis. At the same time, there is no essential difference in the postnatal management of patients with right atrial aneurysms or diverticula. Treatment mode varies between centers and is selected individually depending on the presence of symptoms. Discussion We discuss the problems of terminology, ultrasound criteria and prenatal differential diagnosis, anatomic and histological features and current limitations for the accurate diagnosis of right atrial aneurysms and diverticula in utero. As a clinical example, we describe a case of right atrial appendage aneurysm diagnosed in a fetus. Conclusions Considering the prenatal diagnostic difficulties and similar management of such patients after birth, we suggest avoiding the use of exact terms in the fetus, leaving the precise diagnosis for the postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ivanitskaya
- Medical Genetics Department, Moscow Regional Research Institute of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Olga Ivanitskaya, Moscow Regional Research Institute
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 22a-Pokrovka str, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation.
| | - Yulia Sologub
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kolomna Perinatal Center, Kolomna,
Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Tsayuk
- Medical Genetics Department, Moscow Regional Research Institute of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Zagray
- Department of Urgent Surgery of Congenital Heart Defects, A.N. Bakulev
National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russian
Federation
| | - Aleksei Kim
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery for Newborns and Children of the
First Year of Life with CHD, A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of
Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium: a not so benign entity. Cardiol Young 2020; 30:919-922. [PMID: 32498738 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951120001353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium is an isolated enlargement of the right atrium in the absence of other cardiac lesions. This rare anomaly has a clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to heart failure or even sudden death. It can be associated with atrial arrhythmias and thrombus formation. Antiplatelet therapy is prescribed in most cases reported in the literature, and reduction plasty is indicated when there is rapid growth of the right atrium, compression of adjacent structures, or refractory arrhythmias. We report four cases of idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium diagnosed during prenatal screening. We describe the intrauterine course and management in postnatal life until early childhood.
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Faqeeh S, Alsaadi A, Aselan A, Almuzaini I, Algamdi S. Congenital aneurysm of the right atrial appendage. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2016; 4:38-40. [PMID: 30805498 PMCID: PMC6372441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Congenital aneurysm of the right atrial appendage is a rare cardiac anomaly with only a few reported cases in the literature. Most of the cases involved adults in their third decade of life. We report a case of congenital aneurysm of the right atrial appendage in a newborn, who initially presented with jaundice and incidentally discovered systolic murmur. The diagnosis was established by enhanced CT scan of the chest and echocardiography that also showed atrial septal defect (ASD) and multiple ventricular septal defects (VSDs). Because of its rare occurrence, diagnosis is difficult and the symptoms may be confused with other causes of right atrial dilation such as Ebstein's anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Faqeeh
- Radiology Department, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Rd, Mahzur, 42319, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alsaadi
- Radiology Department, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Rd, Mahzur, 42319, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Aselan
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Almuzaini
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Algamdi
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Aksu U, Topcu S. Giant right atrium due to rheumatic tricuspid valve stenosis. Int J Cardiol 2015; 193:47-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hofmann SR, Heilmann A, Häusler HJ, Dähnert I, Kamin G, Lachmann R. Congenital Idiopathic Dilatation of the Right Atrium: Antenatal Appearance, Postnatal Management, Long-Term Follow-Up and Possible Pathomechanism. Fetal Diagn Ther 2012; 32:256-61. [DOI: 10.1159/000338661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tejero-Hernández MÁ, Espejo-Pérez S, Suárez-de-Lezo-Cruz-Conde J. Congenital Aneurysm of the Right Atrial Appendage in a Newborn: a Rare Anomaly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2011.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tejero-Hernández MÁ, Espejo-Pérez S, Suárez-de-Lezo-Cruz-Conde J. Congenital aneurysm of the right atrial appendage in a newborn: a rare anomaly. Rev Esp Cardiol 2011; 65:99-100. [PMID: 21783311 DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2011.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nonseptal right atrial aneurysm: case report and review of literature. Cardiovasc Pathol 2009; 19:e79-83. [PMID: 19375357 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An aneurysm of the portion of the right atrium classically referred to as the subeustachian sinus is reported in a 75-year-old man with cardiac amyloidosis, AL phenotype, related to underlying multiple myeloma. A review of literature confirms the rarity of nonseptal right atrial aneurysms and their propensity to involve the subeustachian area of the right atrium which may be an intrinsic area of weakness in the atrial wall. The coincident amyloidosis in our current case suggests that hemodynamic factors may have played a role in the development of the aneurysm.
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Papagiannis J, Chatzis A, Sarris G. Giant right atrial aneurysm: a case report. Int J Cardiol 2007; 129:e5-6. [PMID: 17689720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Giant right atrial aneurysm is a very rare congenital heart defect. We report a case which was diagnosed during fetal life and operated on at 4 months of age with excision of the aneurysmal part and pericardial patch closure. Early repair is recommended to prevent late complications such as arrhythmias and thromboembolic phenomena.
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