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Nour S. Endothelial shear stress enhancements: a potential solution for critically ill Covid-19 patients. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:91. [PMID: 33272285 PMCID: PMC7711274 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-00835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most critically ill Covid-19 patients succumb to multiple organ failure and/or sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) as a result of comorbid endothelial dysfunction disorders which had probably aggravated by conventional mechanical assist devices. Even worse, mechanical ventilators prevent the respiratory pump from performing its crucial function as a potential generator of endothelial shear stress (ESS) which controls microcirculation and hemodynamics since birth. The purpose of this work is to bring our experience with ESS enhancement and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) management as a potential therapeutic solution in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We propose a non-invasive device composed of thoracic and infradiaphragmatic compartments that will be pulsated in an alternating frequency (20/40 bpm) with low-pressure pneumatic generator (0.1–0.5 bar). Oxygen supply, nasogastric with, or without endotracheal tubes are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Nour
- Le LAB'O, Orleans Technopole, 1 avenue du Champs de Mars, 45074, Orleans, France.
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Nour S, Carbognani D, Chachques JC. Circulatory Flow Restoration Versus Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: New Therapeutic Approach in Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Artif Organs 2017; 41:E356-E366. [PMID: 28884833 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remains a major problem for health authorities worldwide. Insufficiencies of current cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are most probably related to an inappropriate concept and applied methods that still concentrate on heartbeat as priority, instead of blood circulation to maintain organs' perfusions. The aim of this works is to propose a new therapeutic approach for SCA in a more effective and secure manner compared with current CPR methods. It correlates to a non-invasive circulatory flow restoration (CFR) device composed of a multilayered thoracic and infradiaphragmatic compartments that will be pulsated alternatively and in fixed frequencies using a low-pressure pneumatic generator. Proof-of-concept studies with different prototypes and methods of SCA, showed restoration of hemodynamics (BP ≥ 100 mm Hg) and increased urine output after 20 min of cardiac arrest in pediatric dogs and piglets. In summary, a CFR device can induce shear stress-mediated endothelial function to restore microcirculation and cellular metabolism. This represents a cost-effective method, predisposes to return of spontaneous circulation in case of SCA, adaptable for all age groups, in public and hospital environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Nour
- Biosurgical Research Laboratory, Alain Carpentier Foundation, Pompidou Hospital, University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Carbognani
- Biosurgical Research Laboratory, Alain Carpentier Foundation, Pompidou Hospital, University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Juan Carlos Chachques
- Biosurgical Research Laboratory, Alain Carpentier Foundation, Pompidou Hospital, University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Ouardani R, Magkoutis N, Bonnin P, Kang C, Kedra AW, Sideris G, Bonneau M, Voicu S. Intrapulmonary artery balloon pulsation improves circulatory function after acute myocardial infarction in pigs. ACUTE CARDIAC CARE 2017; 18:42-44. [PMID: 28328285 DOI: 10.1080/17482941.2017.1293830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine whether pulmonary artery balloon pulsation (PABP) could improve circulatory function in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in pigs. METHODS/RESULTS Ten downsize pigs were sedated and ventilated. AMI was induced by inserting a plug into the left anterior descending artery. A pulsation balloon was placed in the pulmonary artery in all animals. In the treatment group (TG), pulsations began when life-threatening arrhythmia or > 30% drop in mean blood pressure (MBP) or > 40% decrease in cardiac output compared to baseline occurred. Pulsation rate was 120/min, independent of the heartbeat, maintained for 10 min. The control group (CG) received no pulsation. In the TG (n = 5), mean BP after the AMI improved by 7 ± 12 mmHg after 150 min while in the CG, MBP decreased by 17 ± 25 mmHg, P < 0.05; coronary perfusion pressure improved by 8 ± 7 mmHg in the TG but decreased by 15 ± 12 in the CG (P < 0.05). In the CG, cardiac output did not change but in the TG it improved from 3.5 ± 0.9 after the AMI to 4.2 ± 1.1 l/min 150 min after AMI (P < 0.05). The TG required 1.8 ± 0.4 electric shocks for ventricular fibrillation versus 0.8 ± 0.4 in the pulsation group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION PABP could be useful in the management of AMI due to improved mean arterial BP, coronary perfusion pressure, cardiac output and electrical stability. The mechanism of this effect remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Ouardani
- a Department of Clinical Physiology - Functional Investigations, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité , INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
| | - Nikos Magkoutis
- b Cardiology Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , INSERM U942, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
| | - Philippe Bonnin
- a Department of Clinical Physiology - Functional Investigations, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité , INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
| | - Chantal Kang
- c Centre de Recherche en Imagerie Interventionnelle , Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique , Domaine de Vilvert , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | - Antoni W Kedra
- d Department of Clinical Physiology-Functional Investigations, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA Recherche Clinique Coordonnée Ville-Hôpital, Méthodologie et Societé/ED 393, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
| | - Georgios Sideris
- b Cardiology Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , INSERM U942, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
| | - Michel Bonneau
- d Department of Clinical Physiology-Functional Investigations, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA Recherche Clinique Coordonnée Ville-Hôpital, Méthodologie et Societé/ED 393, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
| | - Sebastian Voicu
- a Department of Clinical Physiology - Functional Investigations, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris , Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité , INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris , France
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Courboulin A, Kang C, Baillard O, Bonnet S, Bonnet P. Increasing pulmonary artery pulsatile flow improves hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in piglets. J Vis Exp 2015:e52571. [PMID: 25993379 PMCID: PMC4542540 DOI: 10.3791/52571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease affecting distal pulmonary arteries (PA). These arteries are deformed, leading to right ventricular failure. Current treatments are limited. Physiologically, pulsatile blood flow is detrimental to the vasculature. In response to sustained pulsatile stress, vessels release nitric oxide (NO) to induce vasodilation for self-protection. Based on this observation, this study developed a protocol to assess whether an artificial pulmonary pulsatile blood flow could induce an NO-dependent decrease in pulmonary artery pressure. One group of piglets was exposed to chronic hypoxia for 3 weeks and compared to a control group of piglets. Once a week, the piglets underwent echocardiography to assess PAH severity. At the end of hypoxia exposure, the piglets were subjected to a pulsatile protocol using a pulsatile catheter. After being anesthetized and prepared for surgery, the jugular vein of the piglet was isolated and the catheter was introduced through the right atrium, the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, under radioscopic control. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was measured before (T0), immediately after (T1) and 30 min after (T2) the pulsatile protocol. It was demonstrated that this pulsatile protocol is a safe and efficient method of inducing a significant reduction in mean PAP via an NO-dependent mechanism. These data open up new avenues for the clinical management of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Courboulin
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group (CRIUCPQ), Laval University
| | | | - Olivier Baillard
- Université Diderot Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Hôpital Lariboisière, Physiologie clinique Explorations Fonctionnelles; INSERM U 965
| | - Sebastien Bonnet
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group (CRIUCPQ), Laval University
| | - Pierre Bonnet
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours;
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Shear stress, energy losses, and costs: a resolved dilemma of pulsatile cardiac assist devices. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:651769. [PMID: 24511541 PMCID: PMC3913384 DOI: 10.1155/2014/651769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac assist devices (CAD) cause endothelial dysfunction with considerable morbidity. Employment of pulsatile CAD remains controversial due to inadequate perfusion curves and costs. Alternatively, we are proposing a new concept of pulsatile CAD based on a fundamental revision of the entire circulatory system in correspondence with the physiopathology and law of physics. It concerns a double lumen disposable tube device that could be adapted to conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and/or CAD, for inducing a homogenous, downstream pulsatile perfusion mode with lower energy losses. In this study, the device's prototypes were tested in a simulated conventional pediatric CPB circuit for energy losses and as a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in ischemic piglets model for endothelial shear stress (ESS) evaluations. In conclusion and according to the study results the pulsatile tube was successfully capable of transforming a conventional CPB and/or CAD steady flow into a pulsatile perfusion mode, with nearly physiologic pulse pressure and lower energy losses. This represents a cost-effective promising method with low mortality and morbidity, especially in fragile cardiac patients.
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