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Özata Gündoğdu K, Doğan E, Çelik E, Alagöz G. Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thickness in diabetic smokers without diabetic retinopathy. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024; 43:22-26. [PMID: 37874321 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2268162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) in smoker and nonsmoker diabetics without diabetic retinopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with diabetes were divided into two groups according to their smoking status: Group 1 consisted of 38 smoker diabetics who had chronically smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day for more than five years; Group 2 consisted of 38 nonsmoker diabetics. After a detailed ophthalmologic examination, the mean and regional (superior, supratemporal, inferior, inferotemporal, temporal, nasal, superonasal, and inferonasal) RNFL and GC-IPL thicknesses were measured with spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and compared between groups. RESULTS The mean age was 54.7 ± 10.5 and 51.2 ± 9.7 years in the smoker and nonsmoker groups, respectively (p = 0.14). Gender, duration of diabetes, and the mean axial length were similar between groups (p:0.43, p:0.54, p: 0.52, respectively). Mean RNFL thickness was 89.1 ± 8.0 µm in the smoker group and 93.4 ± 7.0 µm in the nonsmoker group, and it was significantly thinner in the smoker group (p = 0.01). The temporal RNFL thickness in the smoker group was thinner than in the nonsmoker group (p = 0.02). There was no difference in superior, inferior, and nasal RNFL thicknesses between the groups (p = 0.31, p = 0.12, p = 0.39, respectively). The mean macular GC-IPL thickness of the smoker and nonsmoker groups was 78.53 ± 15.74 µm and 83.08 ± 5.85 µm, respectively (p = 0.09). Superior, superonasal, inferonasal, inferior, inferotemporal, and superotemporal quadrant GC-IPL thicknesses were similar between the groups (p = 0.07, p = 0.60, p = 0.55, p = 0.77, p = 0.71, p = 0.08, respectively). The groups showed no difference in minimum GC-IPL thickness (p = 0.43). There was a significant negative correlation between smoking exposure and mean, inferior quadrant RNFL thicknesses in the smoker group (p = 0.04, r= -0.32, and p = 0.01, r= -0.39, respectively). CONCLUSION Mean RNFL thickness was significantly thinner in smoker diabetics. Although not statistically significant, especially mean, superior, and superotemporal GC-IPL was thinner in smoker diabetics. The results suggest a potential association between the coexistence of diabetes and smoking with alterations in RNFL and GC-IPL thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Özata Gündoğdu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Emine Doğan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Erkan Çelik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Gürsoy Alagöz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
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Rai H, Colleran R, Cassese S, Joner M, Kastrati A, Byrne RA. Association of interleukin 6 -174 G/C polymorphism with coronary artery disease and circulating IL-6 levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:1075-1087. [PMID: 34595552 PMCID: PMC8572816 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating IL-6 levels and at least one polymorphic form of IL6 gene (IL6 -174 G/C, rs1800795) have been shown to be independently associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) by several investigators. Despite more than 12 published meta-analyses on this subject, association of -174 G/C with CAD, especially amongst distinct ancestral population groups remain unclear. We, therefore, conducted a systematic review and an updated meta-analysis to comprehensively ascertain the association of IL6 -174 G/C with CAD and circulating IL-6 levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant case-control/cohort studies investigating association of -174 G/C with CAD and circulating IL-6 levels were identified following a comprehensive online search. Association status for CAD was determined for the pooled sample, as well as separately for major ancestral subgroups. Association status for circulating IL-6 levels was assessed for the pooled sample, as well as separately for CAD cases and CAD free controls. Study-level odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using random/fixed-effects model. RESULTS Quantitative synthesis for the CAD endpoint was performed using 55 separate qualifying studies with a collective sample size of 51,213 (19,160 cases/32,053 controls). Pooled association of -174 G/C with CAD was found to be statistically significant through dominant (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.05-1.25, p = 0.002) as well as allelic genetic model comparisons (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06-1.21, p = 0.0003). This effect was largely driven by Asian and Asian Indian ancestral subgroups, which also showed significant association with CAD in both genetic model comparisons (OR range 1.29-1.53, p value range ≤ 0.02). Other ancestral subgroups failed to show any meaningful association. Circulating IL-6 levels were found to be significantly higher amongst the 'C' allele carriers in the pooled sample (Standard mean difference, SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.01-0.22 pg/ml, p = 0.009) as well as in the CAD free control subgroup (SMD 0.10, 95% CI 0.02-0.17 pg/ml, p = 0.009), though not in the CAD case subgroup (SMD 0.17, 95% CI = - 0.02 to 0.37, p = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS The present systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate an overall association between IL6 -174 G/C polymorphism and CAD, which seems to be mainly driven by Asian and Asian Indian ancestral subgroups. Upregulation of plasma IL-6 levels in the 'C' allele carriers seems to be at least partly responsible for this observed association. This warrants further investigations with large, structured case-control studies especially amongst Asian and Asian Indian ancestral groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Rai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Dublin, Mater Private Network, Dublin, Ireland. .,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Roisin Colleran
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Dublin, Mater Private Network, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Salvatore Cassese
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert A Byrne
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Dublin, Mater Private Network, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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3
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The role of interleukin-6 genetic variant on inflammation and endothelial function in patients with unstable angina. Hellenic J Cardiol 2021; 63:79-81. [PMID: 33839283 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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4
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Lu S, Wang Y, Wang Y, Hu J, Di W, Liu S, Zeng X, Yu G, Wang Y, Wang Z. The IL-6 rs1800795 and rs1800796 polymorphisms are associated with coronary artery disease risk. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6191-6207. [PMID: 32374489 PMCID: PMC7294134 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies examining the associations between the interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) rs1800795 and rs1800796 gene polymorphisms and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) remain controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the accurately determine role of these two polymorphisms in CAD risk. PubMed, Embase, VIP, Wan fang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted, and bioinformatics tools were employed. A total of thirty‐seven articles were obtained. For the IL‐6 rs1800795 polymorphism, 9411 CAD patients and 3161 controls were included, 4720 patients with CAD, and 5000 controls were included for the IL‐6 rs1800796 polymorphism. In the pooled analysis, significant associations were only observed for the rs1800796 polymorphism (allelic: OR [95%CI] = 1.28 [1.13, 1.44], dominant: OR [95%CI] = 1.35 [1.17, 1.57], recessive: OR [95%CI] = 1.35 [1.18, 1.55], heterozygote: OR [95%CI] = 1.26 [1.15, 1.37], homozygote: OR [95%CI] = 1.62 [1.23, 2.13]). Significant associations were detected in the Asian and Mongoloid populations and ‘more than 500’ subgroup for the rs1800795 polymorphism. TSA confirmed the true‐positive results for the rs1800796 polymorphism. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the two polymorphisms played important roles in the gene transcription. The IL‐6 rs1800796 polymorphism is associated with an increased susceptibility to CAD and is a risk factor for CAD. The IL‐6 rs1800795 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of CAD in Asians, particularly in Chinese, and a decreased risk of CAD in an African population is remarkably observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wu Di
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuangye Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo Yu
- School of Mathematical Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsigkou V, Bletsa E, Panoilia ME, Oikonomou IN, Sinanidis I, Spinou M, Papastavrou A, Kokosias G, Zaromitidou M, Stampouloglou P, Spartalis M, Vavuranakis M, Stefanadis C, Papavassiliou AG, Tousoulis D. Coronary Artery Disease and Endothelial Dysfunction: Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1052-1080. [PMID: 31470773 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190830103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most common pathophysiologic substrate is atherosclerosis which is an inflammatory procedure that starts at childhood and develops throughout life. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and is characterized by the impaired production of nitric oxide. In general, endothelial dysfunction is linked to poor cardiovascular prognosis and different methods, both invasive and non-invasive, have been developed for its evaluation. Ultrasound evaluation of flow mediated dilatation of the branchial artery is the most commonly used method to assessed endothelial function while intracoronary administration of vasoactive agents may be also be used to test directly endothelial properties of the coronary vasculature. Endothelial dysfunction has also been the subject of therapeutic interventions. This review article summarizes the knowledge about evaluation of endothelial function in acute coronary syndromes and stable coronary artery disease and demonstrates the current therapeutic approaches against endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard-MIT Biomedical Engineering Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vasiliki Tsigkou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evanthia Bletsa
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Evi Panoilia
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Iris Niovi Oikonomou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Sinanidis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Marianna Spinou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Papastavrou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Kokosias
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Zaromitidou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard-MIT Biomedical Engineering Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Panagiota Stampouloglou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Spartalis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Vavuranakis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Said MA, van de Vegte YJ, Zafar MM, van der Ende MY, Raja GK, Verweij N, van der Harst P. Contributions of Interactions Between Lifestyle and Genetics on Coronary Artery Disease Risk. Curr Cardiol Rep 2019; 21:89. [PMID: 31352625 PMCID: PMC6661028 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-019-1177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW To summarize current knowledge on interactions between genetic variants and lifestyle factors (G×L) associated with the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and prioritize future research. RECENT FINDINGS Genetic risk and combined lifestyle factors and behaviors have a log-additive effect on the risk of developing CAD. First, we describe genetic and lifestyle factors associated with CAD and then focus on G×L interactions. The majority of G×L interaction studies are small-scale candidate gene studies that lack replication and therefore provide spurious results. Only a few studies, of which most use genetic risk scores or genome-wide approaches to test interactions, are robust in number and analysis strategy. These studies provide evidence for the existence of G×L interactions in the development of CAD. Further G×L interactions studies are important as they contribute to our understanding of disease pathophysiology and possibly provide insights for improving interventions or personalized recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yordi J. van de Vegte
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Zafar
- PMAS University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 46000 Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - M. Yldau van der Ende
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ghazala Kaukab Raja
- PMAS University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 46000 Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - N. Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Genomics plc, Oxford, OX1 1JD UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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Liang K, Ma N, Luo S, Niu W, Wang Y, Bu P. The Expression and Clinical Significance of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:2112-2121. [PMID: 30898992 PMCID: PMC6441303 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our research was designed to investigate the relationship of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and inflammatory factors with coronary heart disease (CHD) and the risk factors of CHD. Material/Methods In our study, 226 patients were enrolled, from October 2017 to March 2018. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. We collected samples of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) from the enrolled patients. The patients were divided in 4 groups: patients without coronary artery disease (control group), patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP group), patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS group), and patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction group (STEMI group). We detect the protein levels of Syk and inflammatory factors expression by western blot. Results Our results found the protein levels of Syk and inflammatory factors expression in the NSTE-ACS and STEMI groups were higher than those in the SAP and control groups. The protein levels of Syk and inflammatory factors expression in the SAP group were higher than those in the control group. Moreover, there were many risk factors significantly associated with Syk. Besides that, these risk factors were also independent risk factors of CHD. Conclusions Our results found that the level of Syk was associated with the severity of CHD. From our study, we found that higher levels of Syk and inflammatory factors protein were associated with worse results of the CHD. For the first time, Syk was reported to be a promising therapeutic factor for CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Shiguo Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanxian Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Heze, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wentang Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Peili Bu
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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8
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Persic V, Bastiancic AL, Rosovic I, Raljevic D, Samsa DT, Bastiancic L, Miskulin R, Boban M, Laskarin G. Correlation between immunological-inflammatory markers and endothelial disfunction in the early stage of coronary heart disease. Med Hypotheses 2018; 115:72-76. [PMID: 29685202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Classical risk factors for endothelial dysfunction (ED), such as age, gender, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and smoking history are utilised for the Framingham score and Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) for evaluation of the 10-year cardiovascular risk in routine practice. Nonetheless, pro-inflammatory mediators are deeply involved in the initiation and the progression of ED and coronary artery disease (CAD), and act additionally or independently of metabolic factors before clinical manifestations of the disease appear. C-reactive protein, a marker of intimal thickening of the myeloid-related protein 8/14 heterodimer, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, interleukin-15, the cytotoxic mediator, granulysin, and the matrix metalloproteinase 9 could be valuable, single, fast, and non-invasive laboratory tools for ED deterioration degree assessment. We propose to investigate the impact of pro-inflammatory biomarkers on ED, measured by previously established clinical methods in patients with yet undiagnosed CAD and at medium risk for an acute coronary event. It could be useful to measure and correlate the concentration of particular inflammatory markers in peripheral blood samples and the results of the Framingham and SCORE charts, multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography, echocardiography, brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, ankle-brachial index, carotid wall thickening, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, and particularly, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The goal would be that the degree of correlation between particular inflammatory markers and the results of some methods for the assessment of ED or cardiac ischaemic imaging could be emphasised and pro-inflammatory markers positioned in the pathogenetic algorithm of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Persic
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia; Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, Croatia.
| | - Ana Lanca Bastiancic
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Rosovic
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia
| | - Damir Raljevic
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia
| | - Dijana Travica Samsa
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia
| | - Luka Bastiancic
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Rijeka, Kresimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Rajko Miskulin
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia
| | - Marko Boban
- Division of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia; Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, Croatia
| | - Gordana Laskarin
- Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Heart, Lungs and Rheumatic diseases "Thalassotherapia-Opatija", 51410 Opatija, M. Tita 188, Croatia; Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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9
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Lajunen TK, Jaakkola JJK, Jaakkola MS. IL6 polymorphisms modify the effects of smoking on the risk of adult asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:799-802.e9. [PMID: 28987812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taina K Lajunen
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maritta S Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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10
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Oikonomou E, Psaltopoulou T, Georgiopoulos G, Siasos G, Kokkou E, Antonopoulos A, Vogiatzi G, Tsalamandris S, Gennimata V, Papanikolaou A, Tousoulis D. Western Dietary Pattern Is Associated With Severe Coronary Artery Disease. Angiology 2017; 69:339-346. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319717721603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The independent predictive value of an unhealthy diet on the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) requires further investigation. We assessed the impact of dietary pattern on CAD severity. In this cohort study, we included 188 symptomatic stable patients with CAD. Patients were categorized as having severe CAD or nonsevere CAD by coronary angiography. Among several demographics and clinical characteristics, all patients were tested using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Concerning baseline demographic characteristics, there was no difference between patients with severe CAD and nonsevere CAD. Principal component analysis revealed 8 distinct dietary patterns. The first component Western dietary pattern (increased intake of fat, red meat, and carbohydrates and minimal consumption of fruits and green leafy vegetables) was predictive of severe CAD (area under the curve: 0.73, 95% confidence intervals: 0.64-0.83, P < .001). In conclusion, an unhealthy Western type of diet is associated with the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with stable CAD. These findings highlight the role of dietary patterns when estimating cardiovascular risk for the management of patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Georgiopoulos
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleni Kokkou
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Antonopoulos
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsalamandris
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Gennimata
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aggelos Papanikolaou
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Li K, Yang X, Wang L, Chen M, Zhao W, Xu L, Yang X. Modification of the association between smoking status and severity of coronary stenosis by vitamin D in patients suspected of coronary heart disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4817. [PMID: 27603397 PMCID: PMC5023920 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Given both smoking and vitamin D are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) via inflammation and smoking may interfere with the local antiinflammatory effects of vitamin D. We hypothesized that the relationship between smoking and severity of CHD may be modified by vitamin D.A cross-sectional study was conducted. 25-OH vitamin D values were determined in 348 consecutive patients (mean age 62.4 ± 10.5 years; 56.3% male) undergoing coronary angiography at the Heart Center of Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between the period of September 2014 and May 2015. We categorized the patients into 2 groups based on 25-OH vitamin D levels, that is, severe hypovitaminosis D (25-OH vitamin D < 10 ng/mL) and higher vitamin D (25-OH vitamin D > = 10 ng/mL). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of severe coronary stenosis or higher Gensini score across three smoking status, that is, never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers in severe hypovitaminosis D and higher vitamin D groups, respectively.Of these patients, we identified 212 (60.9%) cases of severe CHD and 161 (46.3%) cases of severe hypovitaminosis D. Multivariable logistic regression model showed the ORs of severe CHD were 1.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47, 7.98) for former smokers and 2.62 (95% CI: 0.83, 8.24) for current smokers, compared with never smokers in group with severe hypovitaminosis D (P-trend = 0.005). In contrast, smoking was not found to be significantly associated with severe CHD in group with higher 25-OH vitamin D (P-trend = 0.115). We found a significant interaction between smoking status and vitamin D on presence of severe CHD (P-interaction = 0.015). In terms of Gensini score as a dependent variable, similar results were identified.Our finding indicated the association between smoking and severity of CHD appeared to be substantially stronger among patients with severe hypovitaminosis D as compared with those with higher vitamin D levels. This suggests vitamin D sufficiency may have a protective effect against the damaging effects of smoking on coronary artery. Future cohort studies are warranted to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xinchun Yang
- Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Xinchun Yang, Heart Center of Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing City, Beijing 100020, China (e-mail: )
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12
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Kokkou E, Siasos G, Georgiopoulos G, Oikonomou E, Verveniotis A, Vavuranakis M, Zisimos K, Plastiras A, Kollia ME, Stefanadis C, Papavassiliou AG, Tousoulis D. The impact of dietary flavonoid supplementation on smoking-induced inflammatory process and fibrinolytic impairment. Atherosclerosis 2016; 251:266-272. [PMID: 27428294 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Smoking is associated with increased inflammatory process and impairment of fibrinolytic status. Concord grape juice (CGJ), a rich source of flavonoids, can modify cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CGJ on smoking-induced impairment of inflammatory and fibrinolytic status in healthy smokers. METHODS We studied the effect of a 2-week oral treatment with CGJ in 26 healthy smokers on three occasions (day 0: baseline, day 7 and day 14) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over design. Measurements were carried out before (pSm) and 20 min after (Sm20) cigarette smoking. Serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) were measured as markers of inflammatory and fibrinolytic status, respectively. RESULTS Treatment with CGJ reduced pSm sICAM-1 levels (p < 0.001), while placebo had no impact on ICAM-1 levels (p = 0.31). Moreover, treatment with CGJ decreased pSm values of PAI-1 (p < 0.001) while placebo had no impact on PAI-1 levels (p = 0.89). Smoking induced an elevation in PAI-1 levels after smoking compared to pro-smoking levels in all study days and in both arms (CGJ and placebo) of the study (p < 0.001 for all). Interestingly, CGJ compared to placebo, attenuated the acute smoking increase in sICAM-1 and PAI-1 levels (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005 respectively). CONCLUSIONS CGJ consumption improved inflammatory and fibrinolytic status in healthy smokers and attenuated acute smoking induced increase in ICAM-1 and PAI-1 levels. These findings shed further light on the favorable effects of flavonoids in cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Kokkou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Georgios Georgiopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Aleksis Verveniotis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Vavuranakis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Zisimos
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Aris Plastiras
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Kollia
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christodoulos Stefanadis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Pedralli ML, Waclawovsky G, Camacho A, Markoski MM, Castro I, Lehnen AM. Study of endothelial function response to exercise training in hypertensive individuals (SEFRET): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2016; 17:84. [PMID: 26873336 PMCID: PMC4752791 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and an early maker for atherosclerosis. Aerobic exercise training is known to enhance endothelial function, but little is understood about the effects of resistance or combined exercise training on endothelial function. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a 12-week aerobic (AT), resistance (RT), or combined (aerobic and resistance, CT) training program on endothelial function and assess associated effects on blood pressure in individuals with SAH. Methods/design Eighty-one subjects with SAH aged 18 to 70 years will be selected and randomly assigned to three types of exercise training: AT, RT or CT. The study will involve the following procedures and tests: anamnesis, anthropometric assessment, echocardiography, blood pressure measurements through ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, flow-mediated dilation, ergospirometry, one repetition maximum test (1-RM), and blood collection (number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells, number of circulating endothelial microparticles, lipid profile, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and creatinine). The AT intervention will consist of a 40-min exercise session with progressive intensities ranging from 50 to 75 % of heart rate reserve. The RT intervention will consist of a 40-minute session with four sets of six to 12 repetitions with a rest period of 60 to 90 seconds between each set and each type of exercise. Weight loads will be adjusted to 60 to 80 % of 1-RM for six types of exercise. The CT intervention will consist of a 20-min aerobic exercise session, followed by an additional 20-min resistance exercise session; each resistance exercise will have two sets less to match the total training volume. Discussion The study results are expected evidence of cardiovascular protective effects of different types of exercise training through the modulation of endothelial function in hypertensive individuals. Knowing the magnitude of improvement of endothelium-dependent vasodilation for the different types of exercise training can provide scientific evidence for the prescription of exercise programs for vascular protection targeting hypertensive individuals. Trial registration The Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/) under RBR-9ygmdn and dated 1 March 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinei Lopes Pedralli
- Laboratório de Investigação Clínica, Instituto de Cardiologia / Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia - ICFUC, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395. Bairro Santana, 90620 001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA, Torres, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Waclawovsky
- Laboratório de Investigação Clínica, Instituto de Cardiologia / Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia - ICFUC, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395. Bairro Santana, 90620 001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Augusto Camacho
- Laboratório de Investigação Clínica, Instituto de Cardiologia / Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia - ICFUC, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395. Bairro Santana, 90620 001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Melissa Medeiros Markoski
- Laboratório de Investigação Clínica, Instituto de Cardiologia / Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia - ICFUC, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395. Bairro Santana, 90620 001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Iran Castro
- Laboratório de Investigação Clínica, Instituto de Cardiologia / Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia - ICFUC, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395. Bairro Santana, 90620 001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Machado Lehnen
- Laboratório de Investigação Clínica, Instituto de Cardiologia / Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia - ICFUC, Av. Princesa Isabel, 395. Bairro Santana, 90620 001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Faculdade Sogipa de Educação Física, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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14
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The Impact of Chronic Tobacco Smoking on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Greek Population. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2905789. [PMID: 26885247 PMCID: PMC4738968 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2905789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim. To investigate the effect of more than 25-year cigarette smoking on choroidal and retinal thickness, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods. Thirty-one smokers and 25 age- and sex-matched nonsmokers, serving as control group, were submitted to slit-lamp biomicroscopy and dilated fundoscopy, SD-OCT, measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and axial length (AL). Heidelberg Spectralis was used to calculate choroidal thickness (CT), ganglion cell complex (GCC), outer retina layers (ORL), and macular thicknesses (MT). Results. The smokers' group consisted of 17 males and 14 females with mean age of 57.8 ± 4.5 years, while the controls' group consisted of 14 males and 11 females with mean age of 68.0 ± 4.1 years. CT and GCC thicknesses were significantly reduced in smokers compared to control group. The differences in thicknesses of ORL were marginally significant between two groups. The measurements of MT, IOP, CCT, and AL had the same distributions between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusions. Tobacco smoking seems to result in thinner choroid and retina compared to nonsmokers. This is the first study in literature that investigates the anatomical effect of smoking for more than 25 years on the choroid and retina.
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Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tousoulis D. Atherogenesis and hyperlipidemia a not straightforward association: We really need a novel biomarker? Int J Cardiol 2015; 202:586-8. [PMID: 26447667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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16
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Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tousoulis D. Pro-Inflammatory Interleukin Genotypes Potentiate Early and Advanced Atherosclerosis Differently. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:848-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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