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Rajasekaran P, Gandhi P, Idhrees M, Velayudhan BV. Aortic complications in pregnancy: the less remembered chapter—a narrative review. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy increases the risk of common vascular events and also the rarer events like aortic dissection (AD)/aortic rupture and this is even more pronounced in patients with predisposing aortopathies. AD was found to occur in 0.0004% of all pregnancies, and it is more pronounced in patients with underlying connective tissue disorders. The normal hemodynamic changes on a weak aorta will lead to AD and/or rupture, more so with increase in the period of gestation. Hence the haemodynamic and hormonal changes during pregnancy make pregnancy itself a risk factor for AD. It is advised that women with Marfan syndrome who are planning pregnancy should go through prophylactic aortic repair if the diameter of the ascending aorta exceeds 4 cm. Pre-pregnancy counselling is very important in these patients and must include complete history taking, including family history, physical examination and advanced aortic imaging. There is a general consensus among various authors advising against surgery during pregnancy in stable patients due to increased maternal and fetal morbidity but it is justified if the condition is refractory to medical management or in life threatening stage like acute AD. Though the incidence of aortopathy in pregnancy is rare, there is a high maternal and fetal mortality associated with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Rajasekaran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vihaa Hospitals, Anna Nagar, Chennai-600102, India
| | - Praveena Gandhi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology PPN Hospital, Palani-624601, India
| | - Mohammed Idhrees
- Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Diseases, SIMS hospital, Chennai-600026, India
| | - Bashi V. Velayudhan
- Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Diseases, SIMS hospital, Chennai-600026, India
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Martín CE, Evangelista A, Teixidó G, Villar S, Serrano-Fiz S, Ospina V, Mingo S, Moñivas V, Martínez D, Villarreal J, Forteza A. Aortic events in pregnant patients with Marfan syndrome. Lessons from a multicenter study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 75:552-558. [PMID: 34481752 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Pregnancy in women with Marfan syndrome (MS) is associated with an increased risk of aortic events. The clinical evidence on pregnant patients with MS is limited and there is no specific consensus on their optimal management. We report our multicenter experience. METHODS From January 2004 to January 2020, 632 patients with MS underwent periodic monitoring in Marfan units. During this period, we identified all pregnant women with MS and analyzed the incidence of aortic events during pregnancy and puerperium. RESULTS There were 133 pregnancies in 89 women with MS (8 women with prior aortic surgery). There were no maternal deaths, but 5 women had aortic events during the third trimester and puerperium (type A dissections in 2, type B dissection in 1, and significant [≥ 3mm] aortic growth in 2). The aortic event rate was 3.7%. Pregestational aortic diameter≥ 40mm showed a nonsignificant association with aortic events (P=.058). Fetal mortality was 3% and 37.6% of births were cesarean deliveries. CONCLUSIONS Women with MS have an increased risk of aortic events during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester and postpartum period. Patients with MS and aortic diameters ≥40mm should be assessed in experienced centers for prophylactic aortic surgery before pregnancy. It is important to provide early diagnosis, prepregnancy study of the aorta, beta-blocker administration, and close monitoring during pregnancy, especially during the last trimester and postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Martín
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Arturo Evangelista
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisella Teixidó
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Villar
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Serrano-Fiz
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Ospina
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Mingo
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Moñivas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Martínez
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Villarreal
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Forteza
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Martín CE, Evangelista A, Teixidó G, Villar S, Serrano-Fiz S, Ospina V, Mingo S, Moñivas V, Martínez D, Villarreal J, Forteza A. Eventos aórticos en el embarazo de pacientes con síndrome de Marfan. Lecciones de un estudio multicéntrico. Rev Esp Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Keepanasseril A, Thendral N, Dorairajan G, Subbaih M, Pillai AA, Sai Chandran BV. Management of aortic aneurysm presenting during pregnancy: A case report. Obstet Med 2018; 13:37-40. [PMID: 32284731 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x18782627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm in pregnancy is associated with higher risk of complications due to the stress induced by the physiologic changes in pregnancy. Many of the reports are concentrated on those with catastrophic outcomes or who underwent surgical repair during pregnancy/puerperium. We report a case of aortic aneurysm, who presented during the second trimester and had a successful pregnancy outcome, and discuss the various issues concerning the management during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Keepanasseril
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - N Thendral
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Gowri Dorairajan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Murali Subbaih
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Ajith Ananthakrishna Pillai
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - B V Sai Chandran
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic & Vascular Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Kim SY, Wolfe DS, Taub CC. Cardiovascular outcomes of pregnancy in Marfan's syndrome patients: A literature review. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2017; 13:203-209. [DOI: 10.1111/chd.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kim
- Tufts Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts, USA
- Montefiore Medical Center; Bronx New York, USA
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Lansman SL, Goldberg JB, Kai M, Tang GHL, Malekan R, Spielvogel D. Aortic surgery in pregnancy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 153:S44-S48. [PMID: 27431443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy engenders changes in hemodynamics and the aortic wall that make a woman more susceptible to aortic dilatation and dissection. This is particularly true of women with aortic dilatation and an aortopathy, including the inherited fibrillinopathies, bicuspid aortic valve, and Turner syndrome. Women in these risk groups may be served best by undergoing elective aortic surgery before becoming pregnant. However, some women present during pregnancy with significant aortic dilatation, rapid expansion, or aortic dissection, and strategies to deal with these situations, while optimizing maternal and fetal outcomes, change as gestation progresses. This review summarizes the approaches to the management of aortic diseases and the conduct of aortic surgery in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Lansman
- Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY; Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
| | - Joshua B Goldberg
- Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY; Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Masashi Kai
- Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY; Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Gilbert H L Tang
- Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY; Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Ramin Malekan
- Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY; Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - David Spielvogel
- Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY; Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
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Murakami T, Shirai T, Shiina Y, Niwa K. Compression of superior caval vein - New clinical problem of aortopathy. Int J Cardiol 2015; 191:235-6. [PMID: 25978610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Murakami
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Japan.
| | - Takeaki Shirai
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan
| | - Yumi Shiina
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan
| | - Koichiro Niwa
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan
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Muiño Mosquera L, De Backer J. Managing aortic aneurysms and dissections during pregnancy. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2015; 13:703-14. [DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2015.1042862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Amsallem M, Ou P, Milleron O, Henry-Feugeas MC, Detaint D, Arnoult F, Vahanian A, Jondeau G. Comparative assessment of ascending aortic aneurysms in Marfan patients using ECG-gated computerized tomographic angiography versus trans-thoracic echocardiography. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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