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Dominique S, Alex PG, Christiane EY, Dodehe Y, Adèle KN. Diversity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Bark of Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn., (Bombacaceae) and Antibacterial Potential of Secalonic Acid A Produced by Diaporthe searlei EC 321. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301010. [PMID: 37814192 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to study the diversity of endophytic fungi isolated from Ceiba pentandra and to isolate their bioactive chemical compounds. The methodology used during this study consisted in isolating endophytic fungi from the bark of C. pentandra on Potato Agar. The isolates obtained were identified on the basis of the ITS regions of their ribosomal DNA. Antibacterial screening of the mycelium of endophytic fungi isolated was evaluated against multidrug-resistant E. coli and S. aureus strains. This screening led to the selection of isolates EC 321 and EC 28 for their ability to effectively inhibit the growth of the bacterial strains tested. EC 321 was grown and fermented on rice medium. Secondary metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate. From the crude extract, secalonic acid A was isolated and identified by chromatographic and NMR. The in vitro activity of secalonic acid A against the growth of multiresistant bacterial strains was evaluated. Secalonic acid A was active against all multidrug-resistant bacterial strains E. coli 942, E. coli 4814, S. aureus 931, S. aureus 934, S. aureus MRSA 1872 and K. pneumonia 815 with respective MICs of 18.75; 18.75; 18.75; 4.7; 37.5 and 37.5 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagou Dominique
- Biology and Health Laboratory, UFR des Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Pakora Gilles Alex
- Biology and Health Laboratory, UFR des Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Essoh You Christiane
- Department of Biochemistry-Genetics, UFR o f Biological Sciences, Péléforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328, Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Yeo Dodehe
- Biology and Health Laboratory, UFR des Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Kacou N'douba Adèle
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, UFR of Medical Sciences, BPV 166, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
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Parashiva J, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Santhosh CR, Narendra Kumar HK, Satish S. Insights into diversity and L-asparaginase activity of fungal endophytes associated with medicinal plant Grewia hirsuta. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1573-1587. [PMID: 37480457 PMCID: PMC10484854 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase is used as one of the prime chemotherapeutic agents to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The present work aimed to study the endophytic fungal diversity of Grewia hirsuta and their ability to produce L-asparaginase. A total of 1575 culturable fungal endophytes belonging to four classes, Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Sordariomycetes, were isolated. The isolates were grouped into twenty-one morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics. Representative species from each group were identified based on their microscopic characteristics and evaluation of the ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. Most of the fungal endophytes were recovered from the leaves compared to other plant parts. Diaporthe sp. was the predominant genus with a colonization frequency of 8.62%. Shannon-Wiener index for diversity ranged from 2.74 to 2.88. All the plant parts showed similar Simpson's index values, indicating a uniform species diversity. Among the sixty-three fungal endophytes screened, thirty-two were identified as L-asparaginase-producing isolates. The enzyme activities of fungal endophytes estimated by the nesslerization method were found to be in the range of 4.65-0.27 IU/mL with Fusarium foetens showing maximum enzyme activity of 4.65 IU/mL. This study for the first time advocates the production of L-asparaginase from Fusarium foetens along with the endophytic fungal community composition of Grewia hirsuta. The results indicate that the fungal endophyte Fusarium foetens isolated in the present study could be a potent source of L-asparaginase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaraiah Parashiva
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - Bettadapura Rameshgowda Nuthan
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
- Department of Microbiology, Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Microbiology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | | | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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Segaran G, Sathiavelu M. Fungicidal and plant growth-promoting traits of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, an endophyte from Andrographis paniculata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1125630. [PMID: 37426966 PMCID: PMC10329105 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1125630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Introdution Fungal endophytes are widespread and dwell inside plant cells for at least part of their life without producing any symptoms of infection. Distinct host plants may have different fungal endophyte rates and community compositions. Despite this, the endophytic fungi connected with the host plant and their hostile behaviors, remain unknown. Methods The objective of the current research was to isolate and identify endophytic fungal species from the root of Andrographis paniculata. The effects of fungal isolate APR5 on the mycelial growth of phytopathogens and the production of plant-promoting traits were assessed. Results and discussion Endophytic fungal isolate APR5 showed higher inhibitory efficacy in dual and double plate assay against the tested phytopathogenic fungi. The scanning electron microscope analysis demonstrated that the phytopathogenic fungal hyphae were coiled by endophytes which makes them shrink and disintegrate. Further, an ethyl acetate crude extract effectively suppressed the mycelium growth of Rhizoctonia solani by 75 ± 0.1% in an agar well diffusion assay. The fungal isolate APR5 was identified as Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae using the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and qualitatively evaluated for their capacity to produce plant growth-promoting hormones. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was implemented to acquire a preliminary understanding of the secondary metabolic profile of ethyl acetate crude extract. 1-octadecene, erythritol, niacin, oleic acid, phenol, pantolactone, phenyl ethyl alcohol, p-cresol, and tbutyl hydroquinone are the metabolites analyzed in a crude extract of APR5 isolate and are reported to have antimicrobial properties.
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Endophytic Diaporthe as Promising Leads for the Development of Biopesticides and Biofertilizers for a Sustainable Agriculture. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122453. [PMID: 36557707 PMCID: PMC9784053 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant pathogens are responsible for causing economic and production losses in several crops worldwide, thus reducing the quality and quantity of agricultural supplies. To reduce the usage of chemically synthesized pesticides, strategies and approaches using microorganisms are being used in plant disease management. Most of the studies concerning plant-growth promotion and biological agents to control plant diseases are mainly focused on bacteria. In addition, a great portion of registered and commercialized biopesticides are bacterial-based products. Despite fungal endophytes having been identified as promising candidates for their use in biological control, it is of the utmost importance to develop and improve the existing knowledge on this research field. The genus Diaporthe, encompasses plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes that have been screened for secondary metabolite, mainly due to their production of polyketides and a variety of unique bioactive metabolites with agronomic importance. Some of these metabolites exhibit antifungal and antibacterial activity for controlling plant pathogens, and phytotoxic activity for the development of potential mycoherbicides. Moreover, species of Diaporthe are reported as promising agents in the development of biofertilizers. For this reason, in this review we summarize the potential of Diaporthe species to produce natural products with application in agriculture and describe the benefits of these fungi to promote their host plant's growth.
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Abo Nouh FA, Gezaf SA, Abdel-Azeem AM. Recent Advances in Fungal Antimicrobial Molecules. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bioassay guided fractionation of bioactive metabolite from Corynascus verrucosus inhabiting Croton bonplandianus Baill. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Otašević B, Krmar J, Đajić N, Ignjatović J, Protić A. Chemometric window to antimicrobial activity of biomolecules isolated from endophytic fungi. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2020. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm2003142o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Yan DH, Song X, Li H, Luo T, Dou G, Strobel G. Antifungal Activities of Volatile Secondary Metabolites of Four Diaporthe Strains Isolated from Catharanthus roseus. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:E65. [PMID: 29848985 PMCID: PMC6023506 DOI: 10.3390/jof4020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four endophytic fungi were isolated from the medicinal plant, Catharanthus roseus, and were identified as Diaporthe spp. with partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), beta-tubulin (TUB), histone H3 (HIS), calmodulin (CAL) genes, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (TEF1-TUB-HIS--CAL-ITS) multigene phylogeny suggested for species delimitation in the Diaporthe genus. Each fungus produces a unique mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with an abundant mixture of terpenoids analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber-GC/MS. These tentatively-detected terpenes included α-muurolene, β-phellandrene, γ-terpinene, and α-thujene, as well as other minor terpenoids, including caryophyllene, patchoulene, cedrene, 2-carene, and thujone. The volatile metabolites of each isolate showed antifungal properties against a wide range of plant pathogenic test fungi and oomycetes, including Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium graminearum, and Phytophthora cinnamomi. The growth inhibition of the pathogens varied between 10% and 60% within 72 h of exposure. To our knowledge, the endophytic Diaporthe-like strains are first reported from Catharanthus roseus. VOCs produced by each strain of the endophytic Diaporthe fungi were unique components with dominant monoterpenes comparing to known Diaporthe fungal VOCs. A discussion is presented on the inhibitive bioactivities of secondary metabolites among endophytic Diaporthe fungi and this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hui Yan
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Hongchang Li
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Tushou Luo
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Guiming Dou
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Gary Strobel
- Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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Murali M, Mahendra C, Hema P, Rajashekar N, Nataraju A, Sudarshana MS, Amruthesh KN. Molecular profiling and bioactive potential of an endophytic fungus Aspergillus sulphureus isolated from Sida acuta: a medicinal plant. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1623-1630. [PMID: 28424024 PMCID: PMC7012020 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1315435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sida acuta Burm.f. (Malvaceae) extracts are reported to have applications against malaria, diuretic, antipyretic, nervous and urinary diseases. No fungal endophytes of S. acuta are reported. OBJECTIVE Isolation, identification and evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and haemolytic potential of fungal endophytes from the ethnomedcinal plant S. acuta. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sida acuta stem segments were placed on PDA medium to isolate endophytic fungi. The fungus was identified by genomic DNA analysis and phylogenetic tree was constructed using ITS sequences (GenBank) to confirm species. The antibacterial efficacy of Aspergillus sulphureus MME12 ethyl acetate extract was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, anticancer and DNA fragmentation against EAC cells, and direct haemolytic activity (100-500 μg/mL) using human erythrocytes were determined. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The ethyl acetate extract of A. sulphureus (Fresen.) Wehmer (Trichocomaceae) demonstrated significant antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi compared to streptomycin. MIC against test pathogens was in the range of 15.6-62.5 μg/mL. The antioxidant results revealed significant RSA from 12.43% to 62.02% (IC50 = 350.4 μg/mL, p ≤ 0.05). MME12 offered considerable inhibition of EAC proliferation (23% to 84%, IC50 = 216.7 μg/mL, p ≤ 0.05) supported by DNA fragmentation studies. The extract also offered insignificant haemolysis (5.6%) compared to Triton X-100. CONCLUSIONS A single endophytic fungus, A. sulphureus MME12 was isolated and identified using molecular profiling. The above-mentioned findings support the pharmacological application of A. sulphureus MME12 extract and demand for purification of the active principle(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - C. Mahendra
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - P. Hema
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - N. Rajashekar
- Department of Botany, F.M.K.M. Cariappa College, Madikeri, India
| | - A. Nataraju
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnataka State Open University, Mysuru, India
| | - M. S. Sudarshana
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - K. N. Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
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The Fungal Endobiome of Medicinal Plants: A Prospective Source of Bioactive Metabolites. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF THE WORLD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5978-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Rao HCY, Baker S, Rakshith D, Satish S. Molecular profiling and antimicrobial potential of endophytic Gliomastix polychroma CLB32 inhabiting Combretum latifolium Blume. Mycology 2015; 6:176-181. [PMID: 30151327 PMCID: PMC6106067 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2015.1113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes as a source of bioactive metabolites have led to the development of pharmaceutical products finding new applications. In a survey of endophytic fungal biodiversity, an antimicrobial endophytic strain CLB32 was isolated from the leaf of Combretum latifolium Blume (Combretaceae) from the Western Ghats of Southern India. CLB32 was then identified as Gliomastix polychroma (KR704576) by morphological and phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear rDNA and intervening 5.8S rRNA gene. CLB32 here constituted the first report on incidence of endophytic fungi from C. latifolium Blume. Ethyl acetate fraction of strain CLB32 was evaluated for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion assay. Secondary metabolites produced effectively inhibited methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (18.33 ± 0.33 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.66 ± 0.33 mm) and Candida albicans (14.00 ± 0.57 mm). Biosynthesis of these antimicrobial compounds was detected by analytical TLC-bioautography method as depicted by zone of inhibition on intensive the band. These findings suggest that G. polychroma CLB32, as a producer of natural antimicrobial drugs, could help to combat against multidrug-resistant infections and also provide baseline information for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Yashavantha Rao
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Syed Baker
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India.,Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
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Rao HY, Satish S. Genomic and chromatographic approach for the discovery of polyketide antimicrobial metabolites from an endophyticPhomopsis liquidambarisCBR-18. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2015.1033768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Azmath P, Baker S, Rakshith D, Satish S. Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 24:140-6. [PMID: 27013906 PMCID: PMC4792906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by endophytic Colletotrichum sp. ALF2-6 inhabiting Andrographis paniculata. Well dispersed nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Visible spectrometry with maximum absorption conferring at 420 nm. FTIR analysis revealed possible biomolecules reducing the metal salt and stabilization of nanoparticles. XRD analysis depicted the diffraction intensities exhibiting between 20 and 80 °C at 2theta angle thus conferring the crystalline nature of nanoparticles. Morphological characteristic using TEM revealed the polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Synthesized nanoparticles exhibited bactericidal activity against selected human pathogens. Nanoparticles mode of action was carried out to reveal DNA damage activity. Thus the present investigation reports facile fabrication of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasha Azmath
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Syed Baker
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
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