1
|
Tumkosit M, Han WM, Tankittiwat K, Chattranukulchai P, Siwamogsatham S, Apornpong T, Ureaphongsukkit T, Kerr SJ, Boonyaratavej S, Avihingsanon A. Higher epicardial fat in older adults living with HIV with viral suppression and relationship with liver steatosis, coronary calcium and cardiometabolic risks. AIDS 2022; 36:1073-1081. [PMID: 35212667 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HIV infection is associated with ectopic fat deposition, which leads to chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic dysregulation. We assessed the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and its associated factors among people with HIV (PWH). DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among PWH aged at least 50 years and age-matched and sex-matched HIV-negative older individuals in Bangkok, Thailand. Participants underwent a noncontrast, cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan to assess coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and EAT between March 2016 and June 2017. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate HIV-related factors, cardiac and metabolic markers associated with EAT volume. RESULTS Median age was 55 years [interquartile range (IQR) 52-60] and 63% were men. Median duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) was 16 years with 97% had HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies/ml and median CD4 + cell count of 617 cells/μl. Median EAT volume was significantly higher in PWH [99 (IQR 75-122) cm 3 ] than HIV-negative individuals [93 (IQR 69-117) cm 3 ], P = 0.022. In adjusted model, factors associated with EAT volume included male sex ( P = 0.045), older age ( P < 0.001), abnormal waist circumference ( P < 0.001) and HOMA-IR ( P = 0.01). In addition, higher CAC score was independently associated with EAT volume. Higher mean EAT volume was seen in PWH with severe liver steatosis than those without steatosis ( P = 0.018). In adjusted PWH-only model, duration of HIV was significantly associated with higher EAT volume ( P = 0.028). CONCLUSION In an aging cohort, PWH had higher EAT volume than HIV-negative controls. EAT was also independently associated with central fat accumulation, insulin resistance, liver steatosis and CAC score.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monravee Tumkosit
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Win Min Han
- HIV-NAT, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Center of Excellence in Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen J Kerr
- HIV-NAT, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Biostatistics Excellence Centre
| | | | - Anchalee Avihingsanon
- HIV-NAT, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jimenes DR, Teixeira Junior NR, Pereira AV, Berti JA, Barbosa CP, Sant'Ana DDMG. Human apoCIII transgenic mice with epicardial adipose tissue inflammation and PRESERVATION of the cardiac plexus. Exp Gerontol 2021; 148:111261. [PMID: 33647361 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is a result of the increase in the serum levels of lipoproteins, which are responsible for the transport of triglycerides and can be caused by genetic and/or metabolic factors. Animal models which either express or lack genes related to changes in the lipoproteins profile are useful to understand lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII) is an important modulator of hepatic production and peripheral removal of triglycerides. Mice that overexpress the apoCIII gene become hypertriglyceridemic, showing high concentrations of free fatty acids in the blood. Since hypertriglyceridemia is related to atherosclerosis, and the latter refers to cardiac alterations, this study aimed at evaluating the morphological, morphometric and quantitative profiles of the cardiac plexus, as well as the morphometric and histopathological aspects of the epicardial adipose tissue in human apoCIII transgenic mice. Therefore, 8-12-month-old male C57BL/6 mice that overexpressed human apoCIII (CIII) and their respective controls were used. Our results showed that overexpression of human apoCIII did not modify morphological or quantitative parameters of cardiac plexus neurons; however, age increased both, the area and the number of such cells. Furthermore, there was a direct correlation of this dyslipidemia to the thickening of periganglionar type 1 collagens. On the other hand, this overexpression caused epicardial adipose tissue inflammation and an increase in the area of the adipocytes, thus, favoring the recruitment of inflammatory cells in this tissue. In conclusion, this overexpression is harmful since it is related to an increase in cardiac adiposity, as well as to a predisposition to an inflammatory environment in the epicardial fat and to the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Rodrigues Jimenes
- Program of Graduate Studies in Bioscience and Physiopathology - State University of Maringá (PBF-UEM), Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Débora de Mello Gonçales Sant'Ana
- Program of Graduate Studies in Bioscience and Physiopathology - State University of Maringá (PBF-UEM), Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences (DFS-UEM), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yagi S, Hirata Y, Ise T, Kusunose K, Yamada H, Fukuda D, Salim HM, Maimaituxun G, Nishio S, Takagawa Y, Hama S, Matsuura T, Yamaguchi K, Tobiume T, Soeki T, Wakatsuki T, Aihara KI, Akaike M, Shimabukuro M, Sata M. Canagliflozin reduces epicardial fat in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:78. [PMID: 29034006 PMCID: PMC5628447 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-017-0275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether canagliflozin, a selective sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, reduces epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness, which is associated with insulin resistance and is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We administered 100 mg of canagliflozin for 6 months to 13 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated glycemic control, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area, and skeletal muscle mass by using impedance methods, and EAT thickness by using echocardiography. Canagliflozin treatment for 6 months decreased hemoglobin A1c level from 7.1 ± 0.5% to 6.7 ± 0.6% (P < 0.05) and decreased EAT thickness from 9.3 ± 2.5 to 7.3 ± 2.0 mm (P < 0.001), along with a trend of decreasing VAT and SAT area. No association was found between any of these changes. CONCLUSION Canagliflozin reduced EAT thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus independent of its effect on lowering blood glucose, suggesting that canagliflozin may have an effect in preventing cardiovascular events in these patients (UMIN000021327).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
- Department of Community Medicine and Human Resource Development, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shikoku Central Hospital, Shikokuchuo, Ehime Japan
| | - Yukina Hirata
- Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ise
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
- Department of Cardio-Diabetes Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hotimah Masdan Salim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Gulinu Maimaituxun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Susumu Nishio
- Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuriko Takagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Saori Hama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Tomomi Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Koji Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Takeshi Tobiume
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Wakatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Aihara
- Department of Community Medicine for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masashi Akaike
- Department of Medical Education, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Cardio-Diabetes Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| |
Collapse
|