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Mareš P. Epilepsy Research in the Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague. Physiol Res 2024; 73:S67-S82. [PMID: 38752773 PMCID: PMC11412343 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Starting from simple clinical statistics, the spectrum of methods used in epilepsy research in the Institute of Physiology of the Czechoslovak (now Czech) Academy of Sciences progressively increased. Professor Servít used electrophysiological methods for study of brain activity in lower vertebrates, neuropathology was focused on electronmicroscopic study of cortical epileptic focus and ion-sensitive microelectrodes were used for studies of cortical direct current potentials. Developmental studies used electrophysiological methods (activity and projection of cortical epileptic foci, EEG under the influence of convulsant drugs, hippocampal, thalamic and cortical electrical stimulation for induction of epileptic afterdischarges and postictal period). Extensive pharmacological studies used seizures elicited by convulsant drugs (at first pentylenetetrazol but also other GABA antagonists as well as agonists of glutamate receptors). Motor performance and behavior were also studied during brain maturation. The last but not least molecular biology was included into the spectrum of methods. Many original data were published making a background of position of our laboratory in the first line of laboratories interested in brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mareš
- Laboratory of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Shi M, Song R, Gu L. Different Regulatory Effects of Heated Products and Maillard Reaction Products of Half-Fin Anchovy Hydrolysates on Intestinal Antioxidant Defense in Healthy Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032355. [PMID: 36768685 PMCID: PMC9917108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidative state of intestinal tracts of healthy animals were investigated after short-term intake of half-fin anchovy hydrolysates (HAHp) and their thermal or Maillard reaction products (MRPs). After one month of continuous oral gavage of HAHp, HAHp-heated products (HAHp-H), the MRPs of HAHp with 3% of glucose (HAHp-3%G MRPs), and the MRPs of HAHp with 3% of fructose (HAHp-3%F MRPs) at a dose of 1.0 g/kg of body weight per day into healthy ICR male mice, the concentrations of serum low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not significantly change compared to the control group (CK, gavage with saline). Similar results were found for the interleukin-6 concentrations of all groups. By comparison, HAHp-H, HAHp-3%G MRPs, and HAHp-3%F MRPs administration decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-α concentration as compared to the CK group (p < 0.05). No histological damage was observed in the jejunum, ileum, and colonic tissues of all groups. However, HAHp-H treatment induced higher upregulation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, transcription factors Nrf-2, associated protective phase-II enzymes of NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase-1, and hemoxygenase-1 in colon tissue, as well as higher upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 2 than other groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, increases in Nε-carboxymethyllysine expression in the colonic tissues of all groups were consistent with their increased oligopeptide transporter 1 expressions. Our results suggest that the thermal products of HAHp might have a broad application prospect in improving antioxidant defense in vivo in healthy animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ru Song
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-0580-2554-781
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Zaniani NR, Roohbakhsh A, Moghimi A, Mehri S. Protective effect of Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist on inflammation, EEG, and memory changes following febrile seizure in Wistar rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 420:113723. [PMID: 34923024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and fever are the main triggers in febrile seizures (FS). Focusing on inflammatory pathways and anti-inflammatory drugs could compensate for the limitations of existing medications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of specific antagonizing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), as a prominent inflammatory axis, on the consequences of FS and adulthood using animal models. Complex FS was induced on 9-11 day old male rat pups using a heated chamber. TAK-242, as a specific TLR4 inhibitor, was injected intraperitoneally before seizure induction. Seizure threshold, duration, and spike number were measured by electrocorticography. The levels of inflammatory cytokines, TLR4 protein expression, and oxidative stress markers were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assessments in the cortex and hippocampus. Also, spatial and non-spatial memory were evaluated using the novel object recognition test (NORT) and double Y-maze test during adulthood. The results revealed that provoked inflammatory responses in neonate rats, after FS, were associated with the increase of the tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, and enhanced TLR4 protein expression. Meanwhile, based on performed behavioral tests, the inflammatory process was also involved in adulthood memory deficit. Pretreatment with TAK-242 reduced the inflammatory cytokines and TLR4 protein expression in the cortex and hippocampus of neonate rats and improvement in memory deficit in NORT and double Y-maze tasks. Also, pretreatment with TAK-242 elevated seizure threshold, SOD, and CAT activities, and decreased seizure duration and MDA level with no significant change in spike number. TAK-242 possibly controlled FS via inhibiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosaibeh Riahi Zaniani
- Rayan Research Center for Neuroscience & Behavior, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Moghimi
- Rayan Research Center for Neuroscience & Behavior, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Wu LJ, Long L, Sun JY, Bu LL, Cao JL, Luo Y, Liu HJ, Wu Y, Meng X. Exploring the antioxidant effect of Lactobacillus plantarum SCS2 on mice with type 2 diabetes. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13781. [PMID: 34278586 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Lactobacillus plantarum SCS2 (L. plantarum SCS2). After 1 week of acclimation, 120 male KM mice were divided into normal group (NG), model group (MG), solvent control group (KG), and different test groups (TG1, TG2, TG3) (n = 20/group) randomly. In the second week, except NG mice, other mice were given 0.2 ml 50 mg/kg (body weight) streptozocin (STZ) through intraperitoneal injection for 5 days. After successful modeling, NG and MG mice were fed normally, KG mice was given 0.5 ml 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer saline (PBS) per day, TG1, TG2, and TG3 mice were given 0.5 ml suspension, intracellular content and heat-killed intracellular content of L. plantarum SCS2 per day for 9 weeks. Body weight and blood glucose were observed and recorded during intragastric administration. Glucose tolerance levels were measured at the twelfth week, then mice were sacrificed and the serum was collected to measure insulin (INS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that the reduction of weight loss in TG1 and TG2 mice was observed, which was consistent with the blood glucose. At the same time, the INS level of TG1, TG2, and TG3 mice were increased and the HbA1c levels were decreased. Otherwise, the MDA and ROS content in the serum of TG1, TG2, and TG3 mice were decreased and the level of antioxidant enzymes was increased. Interestingly, the activity and content of antioxidant enzymes in TG2 group was the highest in the three test groups. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study showed that L. plantarum SCS2 could effectively reduce blood glucose, relieve weight loss, improve INS deficiency, and also improve oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The findings suggest that L. plantarum SCS2 could improve diabetes-related symptoms by alleviating oxidative stress. In the future, people could promote the application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which is found in traditional foods with the ability of improving oxidative damage in food nutrition and related fields, so as to guide residents to form good dietary habits, and effectively prevent type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, it also can enhance the edible value of traditional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Long
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Yi Sun
- Innovative institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin-Li Bu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Lin Cao
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Jing Liu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Sarahian N, Mohammadi MT, Darabi S, Faghihi N. Fenofibrate protects the neurovascular unit and ameliorates plasma corticosterone levels in pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling seizure in mice. Brain Res 2021; 1758:147343. [PMID: 33556377 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epileptic seizures are the most common neurological diseases that change the function of neurovascular unit at molecular levels accompanied by activation of a wide variety of neurodegenerative cascades. Based on the pleiotropic functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα), the current study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of fenofibrate (an effective PPARα agonist) on the brain injuries induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling seizure. Adult male NMRI mice were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 14) as follows; control, untreated kindled mice (PTZ) and two fenofibrate-treated kindled groups. Repeated intraperitoneal injections of PTZ (45 mg/kg) were used to develop kindling seizure every 48 h for 21 days. Treated mice were administered orally fenofibrate at doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg/day during the study. Plasma corticosterone and brain levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), malondialdehyde (MDA) and mRNA transcription of p53, as well as blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, were determined at termination of the study. Fenofibrate considerably improved seizure latency and anxiety-like behaviors in treated kindled mice. Fenofibrate at doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.001) decreased plasma corticosterone (56.88 ± 0.80 and 54.81 ± 0.29 ng/mL, respectively) compared to PTZ group (74.96 ± 1.60 ng/mL). It also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased BDNF levels in both treatment groups (8.13 ± 0.14 and 8.74 ± 0.09 ng/mL, respectively) compared to PTZ group (9.68 ± 0.20 ng/mL). Fenofibrate particularly at higher dose significantly (P < 0.01) decreased MDA content and mRNA expression levels of p53 in treated kindled mice by 67% and 28%, respectively, compared to PTZ group. Similarly, 50 mg/kg fenofibrate significantly (P < 0.05) decreased Evans blue extravasation into brain in treated kindled mice (8.72 ± 0.96 µg/g) compared to PTZ group (15.31 ± 2.18 µg/g). Our results revealed the anticonvulsive and neuroprotective effects of fenofibrate in PTZ-induced kindling seizure in mice. Fenofibrate also improved the neurovascular functions at molecular levels in kindling seizure that might be associated with ameliorating the seizure behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Sarahian
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shamsi Darabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Nastaran Faghihi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Namdar F, Bahrami F, Bahari Z, Ghanbari B, Elahi SA, Mohammadi MT. Evaluation of the Effects of Fullerene C60 Nanoparticles on Oxidative Stress Parameters at Liver and Brain of Normal Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.30699/jambs.27.124.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Zhao X, Yi R, Zhou X, Mu J, Long X, Pan Y, Song JL, Park KY. Preventive effect of Lactobacillus plantarum KSFY02 isolated from naturally fermented yogurt from Xinjiang, China, on d-galactose–induced oxidative aging in mice. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:5899-5912. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-16033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lactobacillus plantarum CQPC11 Isolated from Sichuan Pickled Cabbages Antagonizes d-galactose-Induced Oxidation and Aging in Mice. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23113026. [PMID: 30463304 PMCID: PMC6278364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese pickled cabbage is a traditional fermented food that contains abundant microbes produced during the process of fermentation. In this work, an in vivo animal study was conducted to investigate the effects of a newly isolated lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum CQPC11, LP-CQPC11) on d-galactose-induced oxidation and aging in mice. Analysis of the serum and tissue samples of these mice using molecular biology approaches showed that LP-CQPC11 suppressed the decrease in thymus, brain, heart, liver, spleen, and kidney indices caused by oxidation and aging. Furthermore, LP-CQPC11 increased the levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase), GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase), and GSH (glutathione), whereas it reduced the levels of NO (nitric oxide) and MDA (malondialdehyde) in the serum, liver, and spleen of oxidation and aging mouse models. Pathological observation indicated that LP-CQPC11 alleviated the damage caused by oxidation and aging on the liver and spleen of mice. qPCR analysis indicated that LP-CQPC11 effectively upregulated the expression of nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase), eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), Cu/Zn-SOD (cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase), Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1), Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2), γ-GCS (γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase), and NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1), but downregulated the expression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) in the mouse liver and spleen. Western blot analysis showed that LP-CQPC11 effectively upregulated SOD1 (Cu/Zn-SOD), SOD2 (Mn-SOD), CAT, GSH1 (c-glutamylcysteine synthetase), and GSH2 (glutathione synthetase) protein expression in mouse liver and spleen tissues. These findings suggest that LP-CQPC11 can effectively prevent d-galactose-induced oxidation and aging in mice, and the effect is even better than that of the commonly used Lactobacillus delbruechii subsp. bulgaricus (LDSB) and vitamin C in the industry. Thus, LP-CQPC11 may be potentially employed as a probiotic strain.
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Folbergrová J, Ješina P, Kubová H, Otáhal J. Effect of Resveratrol on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Immature Brain during Epileptogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7512-7522. [PMID: 29427088 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The presence of oxidative stress in immature brain has been demonstrated during the acute phase of status epilepticus (SE). The knowledge regarding the long periods of survival after SE is not unequivocal, lacking direct evidence. To examine the presence and time profile of oxidative stress, its functional effect on mitochondria and the influence of an antioxidant treatment in immature rats during epileptogenesis, status epilepticus (SE) was induced in immature 12-day-old rats by Li-pilocarpine and at selected periods of the epileptogenesis; rat pups were subjected to examinations. Hydroethidine method was employed for detection of superoxide anion (O2.-), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) for oxidative damage of mitochondrial proteins and complex I activity for mitochondrial function. Natural polyphenolic antioxidant resveratrol was given in two schemes: "acute treatment," i.p. administration 30 min before, 30 and 60 min after induction of SE and "full treatment" when applications continued once daily for seven consecutive days (25 mg/kg each dose). The obtained results clearly document that the period of epileptogenesis studied (up to 4 weeks) in immature brain is associated with the significant enhanced production of O2.-, the increased levels of 3-NT and 4-HNE and the persisting deficiency of complex I activity. Application of resveratrol either completely prevented or significantly reduced markers both of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The findings suggest that targeting oxidative stress in combination with current antiepileptic therapies may provide a benefit in the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Folbergrová
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Ješina
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kubová
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Otáhal
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Zhao X, Song JL, Yi R, Li G, Sun P, Park KY, Suo H. Comparison of Antioxidative Effects of Insect Tea and Its Raw Tea (Kuding Tea) Polyphenols in Kunming Mice. Molecules 2018; 23:E204. [PMID: 29351230 PMCID: PMC6017035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kudingcha is a traditional Chinese tea, and insect tea is a special drink produced by the metabolism of insect larvae using the raw Kuding tea. Insect tea polyphenols (ITP) and its raw tea (Kuding tea) polyphenols (KTP) are high-purity polyphenols extracted by centrifuge precipitation. The present study was designed to compare the antioxidative effects of insect tea polyphenols (ITP) and its raw tea (Kuding tea) polyphenols (KTP) on d-galactose-induced oxidation in Kunming (KM) mice. KM mice were treated with ITP (200 mg/kg) and KTP (200 mg/kg) by gavage, and vitamin C (VC, 200 mg/kg) was also used as a positive control by gavage. After determination in serum, liver and spleen, ITP-treated mice showed higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione (GSH) activities and lower nitric oxide (NO), malonaldehyde (MDA) activities than VC-treated mice, KTP-treated mice and untreated oxidation mice (control group). By H&E section observation, the mice induced by d-galactose-induced oxidation showed more changes than normal mice, and oxidative damage appeared in liver and spleen tissues; ITP, VC and KTP improved oxidative damage of liver and spleen tissues, and the effects of ITP were better than VC and KTP. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot experiments, it was observed that ITP could increase the mRNA and protein expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), cupro/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and reduce inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in liver and spleen tissues compared to the control group. These effects were stronger than for VC and KTP. Both ITP and KTP had good antioxidative effects, and after the transformation of insects, the effects of ITP were better than that of KTP and even better than VC. Thus, ITP can be used as an antioxidant and anti-ageing functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Guijie Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Peng Sun
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University, Seongnam 13488, Gyeongghi-do, Korea.
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Effect of Hyperhomocysteinemia on Redox Balance and Redox Defence Enzymes in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and/or After Ischemic Preconditioning in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 37:1417-1431. [PMID: 28210876 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased level of homocysteine (hHcy) in plasma is an accompanying phenomenon of many diseases, including a brain stroke. This study determines whether hyperhomocysteinemia (which is a risk factor of brain ischemia) itself or in combination with ischemic preconditioning affects the ischemia-induced neurodegenerative changes, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipoperoxidation, protein oxidation, and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the rat brain cortex. The hHcy was induced by subcutaneous administration of homocysteine (0.45 μmol/g body weight) twice a day in 8 h intervals for 14 days. Rats were preconditioned by 5 min ischemia. Two days later, 15 min of global forebrain ischemia was induced by four vessel's occlusion. The study demonstrates that in the cerebral cortex, hHcy alone induces progressive neuronal cell death and morphological changes. Neuronal damage was associated with the pro-oxidative effect of hHcy, which leads to increased ROS formation, peroxidation of lipids and oxidative alterations of cortical proteins. Ischemic reperfusion injury activates degeneration processes and de-regulates redox balance which is aggravated under hHcy conditions and leads to the augmented lipoperoxidation and protein oxidation. If combined with hHcy, ischemic preconditioning could preserve the neuronal tissue from lethal ischemic effect and initiates suppression of lipoperoxidation, protein oxidation, and alterations of redox enzymes with the most significant effect observed after prolonged reperfusion. Increased prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in the Western population and crucial role of elevated Hcy level in the pathogenesis of neuronal disorders makes this amino acid as an interesting target for future research. Understanding the multiple etiological mechanisms and recognition of the co-morbid risk factors that lead to the ischemic/reperfusion injury and ischemic tolerance is therefore important for developing therapeutic strategies in human brain stroke associated with the elevated level of Hcy.
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12
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Isolation and identification of antioxidant producing marine-source actinomycetes and optimal medium conditions. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Folbergrová J. Oxidative stress in immature brain following experimentally-induced seizures. Physiol Res 2014; 62:S39-48. [PMID: 24329702 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The existing data indicate that status epilepticus (SE) induced in immature animals is associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This has been demonstrated using two models of SE, induced by substances with a different mechanism of action (DL-homocysteic acid and 4-aminopyridine) which suggests that the findings are not model-dependent but they reflect more general phenomenon. Oxidative stress occurring in immature brain during and following seizures is apparently due to both the increased free radicals production and the limited antioxidant defense. Pronounced inhibition of mitochondrial complex I in immature brain was demonstrated not only during the acute phase of SE, but it persisted during long periods of survival, corresponding to the development of spontaneous seizures (epileptogenesis). The findings suggest that oxidative modification is most likely responsible for the sustained deficiency of complex I activity. It can be assumed that the substances with antioxidant properties combined with conventional therapies might provide a beneficial effect in treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Folbergrová
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Gao J, Ding XS, Zhang YM, Dai DZ, Liu M, Zhang C, Dai Y. Hypoxia/oxidative stress alters the pharmacokinetics of CPU86017-RS through mitochondrial dysfunction and NADPH oxidase activation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:1575-84. [PMID: 24122013 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Hypoxia/oxidative stress can alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of CPU86017-RS, a novel antiarrhythmic agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the alteration of PK of CPU86017-RS by hypoxia/oxidative stress. METHODS Male SD rats exposed to normal or intermittent hypoxia (10% O2) were administered CPU86017-RS (20, 40 or 80 mg/kg, ig) for 8 consecutive days. The PK parameters of CPU86017-RS were examined on d 8. In a separate set of experiments, female SD rats were injected with isoproterenol (ISO) for 5 consecutive days to induce a stress-related status, then CPU86017-RS (80 mg/kg, ig) was administered, and the tissue distributions were examined. The levels of Mn-SOD (manganese containing superoxide dismutase), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor proteins (ATF-6, activating transcription factor 6 and PERK, PRK-like ER kinase) and activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX) were detected with Western blotting. Rat liver microsomes were incubated under N2 for in vitro study. RESULTS The Cmax, t1/2, MRT (mean residence time) and AUC (area under the curve) of CPU86017-RS were significantly increased in the hypoxic rats receiving the 3 different doses of CPU86017-RS. The hypoxia-induced alteration of PK was associated with significantly reduced Mn-SOD level, and increased ATF-6, PERK and NOX levels. In ISO-treated rats, the distributions of CPU86017-RS in plasma, heart, kidney, and liver were markedly increased, and NOX levels in heart, kidney, and liver were significantly upregulated. Co-administration of the NOX blocker apocynin eliminated the abnormalities in the PK and tissue distributions of CPU86017-RS induced by hypoxia/oxidative stress. The metabolism of CPU86017-RS in the N2-treated liver microsomes was significantly reduced, addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), but not vitamin C, effectively reversed this change. CONCLUSION The altered PK and metabolism of CPU86017-RS induced by hypoxia/oxidative stress are produced by mitochondrial abnormalities, NOX activation and ER stress; these abnormalities are significantly alleviated by apocynin or NAC.
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Khurana DS, Valencia I, Goldenthal MJ, Legido A. Mitochondrial dysfunction in epilepsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2013; 20:176-87. [PMID: 24331359 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is the most common neurologic disorder worldwide and is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The mitochondrial (mt) respiratory chain is the final common pathway for cellular energy production through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. As neurons are terminally differentiated cells that lack significant regenerative capacity and have a high energy demand, they are more vulnerable to mt dysfunction. Therefore, epileptic seizures have been well described in several diseases such as mt encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes and myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers, which are caused by gene mutations in mtDNA, among others. Mutations in nuclear DNA regulating mt function are also being described (eg, POLG gene mutation). The role of mitochondria (mt) in acquired epilepsies, which account for about 60% of all epilepsies, is equally important but less well understood. Oxidative stress is one of the possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of epilepsy resulting from mt dysfunction gradually disrupting the intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis, which modulates neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission, making neurons more vulnerable to additional stress, and leading to energy failure and neuronal loss in epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) also affect mt function in several ways. There must be caution when treating epilepsy in patients with known mt disorders as some AEDs are toxic to the mt. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the effect of mt disorders on epilepsy, of epileptic seizures on mt, and of AEDs on mt function and the implications of all these interactions for the management of epilepsy in patients with or without mt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya S Khurana
- Section of Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Ignacio Valencia
- Section of Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael J Goldenthal
- Section of Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Agustín Legido
- Section of Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Puerarin attenuates neuronal degeneration and blocks oxidative stress to elicit a neuroprotective effect on substantia nigra injury in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Brain Res 2013; 1517:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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