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Wang R, Han H, Shi K, Alberts IL, Rominger A, Yang C, Yan J, Cui D, Peng Y, He Q, Gao Y, Lian J, Yang S, Liu H, Yang J, Wong C, Wei X, Yin F, Jia Y, Tong H, Liu B, Lei J. The Alteration of Brain Interstitial Fluid Drainage with Myelination Development. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1729-1740. [PMID: 34631217 PMCID: PMC8460314 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrity of myelination is crucial for maintaining brain interstitial fluid (ISF) drainage in adults; however, the mechanism of ISF drainage with immature myelin in the developing brain remains unknown. In the present study, the ISF drainage from the caudate nucleus (Cn) to the ipsilateral cortex was studied at different developmental stages of the rat brain (P 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 10-80). The results show that the traced ISF drained to the cortex from Cn and to the thalamus in an opposite direction before P30. From P40, we found impeded drainage to the thalamus due to myelin maturation. This altered drainage was accompanied by enhanced cognitive and social functions, which were consistent with those in the adult rats. A significant difference in diffusion parameters was also demonstrated between the extracellular space (ECS) before and after P30. The present study revealed the alteration of ISF drainage regulated by myelin at different stages during development, indicating that a regional ISF homeostasis may be essential for mature psychological and cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- 1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Han
- 1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kuangyu Shi
- 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.,5Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Axel Rominger
- 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chenlong Yang
- 2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,6Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junhao Yan
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dehua Cui
- 2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Peng
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,7Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyuan He
- 1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yajuan Gao
- 1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China
| | - Jingge Lian
- 1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangfeng Yang
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,7Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Huipo Liu
- 2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,12Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- 2Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, China.,6Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chaolan Wong
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,8Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,9Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yin
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,10Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxing Jia
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,8Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiyu Tong
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,11Department of Neurosurgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Lei
- 3Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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2
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Hamdy N, Eide S, Sun HS, Feng ZP. Animal models for neonatal brain injury induced by hypoxic ischemic conditions in rodents. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113457. [PMID: 32889009 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia and resulting encephalopathies are of significant concern. Intrapartum asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death globally. Among surviving infants, there remains a high incidence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, manifesting as mild conditions including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and debilitating disorders such as cerebral palsy. Various animal models of neonatal hypoxic brain injury have been implemented to explore cellular and molecular mechanisms, assess the potential of novel therapeutic strategies, and characterize the functional and behavioural correlates of injury. Each of the animal models has individual advantages and limitations. The present review looks at several widely-used and alternative rodent models of neonatal hypoxia and hypoxia-ischemia; it highlights their strengths and limitations, and their potential for continued and improved use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Hamdy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sarah Eide
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
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3
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Pombero A, Garcia-Lopez R, Estirado A, Martinez S. Vascular pattern of the dentate gyrus is regulated by neural progenitors. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:1971-1987. [PMID: 29306978 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neurogenesis is a vital process that begins during early embryonic development and continues until adulthood, though in the latter case, it is restricted to the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG). In particular, the DG's neurogenic properties are structurally and functionally unique, which may be related to its singular vascular pattern. Neurogenesis and angiogenesis share molecular signals and act synergistically, supporting the concept of a neurogenic niche as a functional unit between neural precursors cells and their environment, in which the blood vessels play an important role. Whereas it is well known that vascular development controls neural proliferation in the embryonary and in the adult brain, by releasing neurotrophic factors; the potential influence of neural cells on vascular components during angiogenesis is largely unknown. We have demonstrated that the reduction of neural progenitors leads to a significant impairment of vascular development. Since VEGF is a potential regulator in the neurogenesis-angiogenesis crosstalk, we were interested in assessing the possible role of this molecule in the hippocampal neurovascular development. Our results showed that VEGF is the molecule involved in the regulation of vascular development by neural progenitor cells in the DG.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Blood Vessels/physiology
- CD13 Antigens/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Dentate Gyrus/anatomy & histology
- Dentate Gyrus/embryology
- Dentate Gyrus/growth & development
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/physiology
- Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism
- Luminescent Proteins/genetics
- Luminescent Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Nestin/genetics
- Nestin/metabolism
- Neural Stem Cells/physiology
- Neurogenesis/physiology
- RNA, Messenger
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pombero
- IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Av. Teniente Flomesta, 5, 30003, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raquel Garcia-Lopez
- IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Av. Teniente Flomesta, 5, 30003, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alicia Estirado
- IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Av. Teniente Flomesta, 5, 30003, Murcia, Spain
| | - Salvador Martinez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH-CSIC, Campus de San Juan, 03550, Alicante, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Jiao Q, Wang L, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Yan H, Ma W, Jin W, Lu H, Liu Y. Dynamic expression of srGAP2 in cell nuclei and cytoplasm during the differentiation of rat neural stem cells in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4599-4605. [PMID: 27748913 PMCID: PMC5102019 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Different SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating proteins (srGAPs) have different levels of expression and diverse functions during neural development. Although srGAP2 is expressed in developmental brain tissue, little is known about its influence on cellular development of the nervous system. In the current study, dynamic expression of endogenous srGAP2 during neural stem cell/progenitor cell (NSC/NPC) differentiation in vitro was investigated in order to elucidate the association between the dynamic expression of srGAP2 and neural development. srGAP2 was expressed in undifferentiated NSCs/NPCs, and differentiated neurons and astrocytes with distinct expression patterns. In conjunction with the differentiation of NSCs/NPCs in vitro, the number of srGAP2+ cells markedly reduced. The percentage of srGAP2+ cells in the population of nestin+ and β‑tubulin III+ cells was significantly downregulated while in the population of glial fibrillary acidic protein‑positive cells, almost all cells were srGAP2+. srGAP2 was predominantly expressed in the cell nucleus in all cell types. srGAP2 was also weakly expressed in the cytoplasm of nestin+ and β‑tubulin III+ cells at 3 and 7 days in vitro. However levels were gradually downregulated during the process of differentiation and almost disappeared in β‑tubulin III+ cells at 14 days. The results from the present study suggest that srGAP2 is involved in regulating NSC/NPC differentiation during neural development. The translocation of srGAP2 in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus in different cell types may function as a director in decisions regarding cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiao
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Hanqi Yan
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wen Ma
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Weilin Jin
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Lu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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5
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Clark AR, Carter AB, Hager LE, Price EM. In Vivo Neural Tissue Engineering: Cylindrical Biocompatible Hydrogels That Create New Neural Tracts in the Adult Mammalian Brain. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1109-18. [PMID: 27295980 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with neurodegenerative disorders or brain injury have few treatment options and it has been proposed that endogenous adult neural stem cells can be harnessed to repopulate dysfunctional nonneurogenic regions of the brain. We have accomplished this through the development of rationally designed hydrogel implants that recruit endogenous cells from the adult subventricular zone to create new relatively long tracts of neuroblasts. These implants are biocompatible and biodegradable cylindrical hydrogels consisting of fibrin and immobilized neurotrophic factors. When implanted into rat brain such that the cylinder intersected the migratory path of endogenous neural progenitors (the rostral migratory stream) and led into the nonneurogenic striatum, we observed a robust neurogenic response in the form of migrating neuroblasts with long (>100 μm) complex neurites. The location of these new neural cells in the striatum was directly coincident with the original track of the fibrin implant, which itself had completely degraded, and covered a significant area and distance (>2.5 mm). We also observed a significant number of neuroblasts in the striatal region between the implant track and the lateral ventricle. When these fibrin cylinders were implanted into hemiparkinson rats, correction of parkinsonian behavior was observed. There were no obvious behavioral, inflammatory or tumorigenic sequelae as a consequence of the implants. In conclusion, we have successfully engineered neural tissue in vivo, using neurogenic biomaterials cast into a unique cylindrical architecture. These results represent a novel approach to efficiently induce neurogenesis in a controlled and targeted manner, which may lead toward a new therapeutic modality for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Clark
- Department of Biology, Marshall University , Huntington, West Virginia
| | - Arrin B Carter
- Department of Biology, Marshall University , Huntington, West Virginia
| | - Lydia E Hager
- Department of Biology, Marshall University , Huntington, West Virginia
| | - Elmer M Price
- Department of Biology, Marshall University , Huntington, West Virginia
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6
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Zhou HX, Liu ZG, Liu XJ, Chen QX. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment for repair of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:107-13. [PMID: 26981097 PMCID: PMC4774201 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.175054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) for repair of traumatic brain injury has been used in the clinic. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment has long been widely used as an adjunctive therapy for treating traumatic brain injury. UC-MSC transplantation combined with HBO treatment is expected to yield better therapeutic effects on traumatic brain injury. In this study, we established rat models of severe traumatic brain injury by pressurized fluid (2.5–3.0 atm impact force). The injured rats were then administered UC-MSC transplantation via the tail vein in combination with HBO treatment. Compared with monotherapy, aquaporin 4 expression decreased in the injured rat brain, but growth-associated protein-43 expression, calaxon-like structures, and CM-Dil-positive cell number increased. Following combination therapy, however, rat cognitive and neurological function significantly improved. UC-MSC transplantation combined with HBO therapyfor repair of traumatic brain injury shows better therapeutic effects than monotherapy and significantly promotes recovery of neurological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xiao Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian-Xue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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7
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Wang Y, Zhang S, Luo M, Li Y. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves local microenvironment after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2015; 9:2182-8. [PMID: 25657740 PMCID: PMC4316452 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.147951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves motor function in patients with spinal cord injury. In the present study, we explored the mechanisms associated with the recovery of neurological function after hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a rat model of spinal cord injury. We established an acute spinal cord injury model using a modification of the free-falling object method, and treated the animals with oxygen at 0.2 MPa for 45 minutes, 4 hours after injury. The treatment was administered four times per day, for 3 days. Compared with model rats that did not receive the treatment, rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen had fewer apoptotic cells in spinal cord tissue, lower expression levels of aquaporin 4/9 mRNA and protein, and more NF-200 positive nerve fibers. Furthermore, they had smaller spinal cord cavities, rapid recovery of somatosensory and motor evoked potentials, and notably better recovery of hindlimb motor function than model rats. Our findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces apoptosis, downregulates aquaporin 4/9 mRNA and protein expression in injured spinal cord tissue, improves the local microenvironment for nerve regeneration, and protects and repairs the spinal cord after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shuquan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yajun Li
- School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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