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Zaccarelli-Magalhães J, Abreu GR, Fukushima AR, Pantaleon LP, Ribeiro BB, Munhoz C, Manes M, de Lima MA, Miglioli J, Flório JC, Lebrun I, Ricci EL, Spinosa HS. Ketamine causes poor maternal care in rats with postpartum depression and leads to few behavioral and neurochemical alterations on male offspring. Behav Brain Res 2024; 459:114799. [PMID: 38065224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine is an anesthetic drug that also has antidepressant properties, with quick action. Despite the great number of studies showing its effectiveness as a treatment for major depression, there is little information about its effects on postpartum depression, as pharmacological treatments bring risks to the health of both mother and child. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of prolonged treatment with subanesthetic doses of ketamine in a rat model of postpartum depression. Female dams were induced to postpartum depression by the maternal separation model from lactating day (LD) 2-12. They were divided into four groups: one control and three experimental groups, which were treated with different doses of ketamine (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) from LD 2-21 i.p. Maternal studies were conducted from LD5 to LD21 and the offspring studies from postnatal day 2 through 90. Ketamine causes poor maternal care, with few neurochemical alterations. However, the highest dose used in this study had an antidepressant effect. Regarding the male offspring, indirect exposure to ketamine through breast milk caused few behavioral changes during infancy, but they were not permanent, as they faded in adulthood. Nevertheless, this exposure was able to cause alterations in their monoaminergic neurotransmission systems that were found in both infancy and adulthood periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel R Abreu
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André R Fukushima
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena P Pantaleon
- Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz B Ribeiro
- Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Munhoz
- Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marianna Manes
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara A de Lima
- Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Miglioli
- Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge C Flório
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivo Lebrun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Esther L Ricci
- School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil; Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helenice S Spinosa
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
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Abreu GR, Zaccarelli-Magalhães J, Féba LS, Penna EY, Silva JP, Teixeira MV, Manes M, Vergara GA, Rodrigues LMA, Fukushima AR, Ricci EL, Spinosa HS. Fluoxetine alters rat's milk properties causing impact on offspring's development. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116805. [PMID: 38191078 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is an antidepressant used to treat several conditions including postpartum depression. This disease causes cognitive, emotional, behavioral and physical changes, negatively affecting the mother, child and family life. However, fluoxetine is excreted in breast milk, causing short and long-term effects on children who were exposed to the drug during lactation, so studies that seek to uncover the consequences of these effects are needed. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fluoxetine on the nutritional characteristics of milk and on growth and neurobehavioral development of the offspring on a rat model. Lactating rats were divided into 4 groups: control group and three experimental groups, which were treated with different doses of fluoxetine (1, 10 and 20 mg/kg) during the lactation. Dams body weight and milk properties were measured, as well as offspring's growth and physical and neurobehavioral development. Results showed that the use of fluoxetine during lactation decreased dam's body weight and alters milk's properties, leading to a decrease in offspring's growth until adulthood. Therefore, the use of fluoxetine during lactation needs to be cautiously evaluated, with the benefits to the mothers and the associated risk to the offspring carefully balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R Abreu
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laís S Féba
- Health Science Institute, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emily Y Penna
- Health Science Institute, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia P Silva
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana V Teixeira
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marianna Manes
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Vergara
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Avenida Albert Einstein, 627, 05652-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - André R Fukushima
- Centro Universitário das Américas FAM, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Esther L Ricci
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; Health Science Institute, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helenice S Spinosa
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
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Zaccarelli-Magalhães J, Abreu GR, Fukushima AR, Pantaleon LP, Ribeiro BB, Munhoz C, Manes M, de Lima MA, Miglioli J, Flório JC, Lebrun I, Waziry PAF, Fonseca TL, Bocco BMLC, Bianco AC, Ricci EL, Spinosa HS. Postpartum depression in rats causes poor maternal care and neurochemical alterations on dams and long-lasting impairment in sociability on the offspring. Behav Brain Res 2023; 436:114082. [PMID: 36041571 PMCID: PMC10823501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum depression is a mentally disabling disease with multifactorial etiology that affects women worldwide. It can also influence child development and lead to behavioral and cognitive alterations. Despite the high prevalence, the disease is underdiagnosed and poorly studied. To study the postpartum depression caused by maternal separation model in rats, dams were separated from their litter for 3 h daily starting from lactating day (LD) 2 through LD12. Maternal studies were conducted from LD5 to LD21 and the offspring studies from postnatal day (PND) 2 through PND90. The stress caused by the dam-offspring separation led to poor maternal care and a transient increase in anxiety in the offspring detected during infancy. The female offspring also exhibited a permanent impairment in sociability during adult life. These changes were associated with neurochemical alterations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and low TSH concentrations in the dams, and in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and striatum of the offspring. These results indicate that the postpartum depression resulted in a depressive phenotype, changes in the brain neurochemistry and in thyroid economy that remained until the end of lactation. Changes observed in the offspring were long-lasting and resemble what is observed in children of depressant mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel R Abreu
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André R Fukushima
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena P Pantaleon
- Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz B Ribeiro
- Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Munhoz
- Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marianna Manes
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara A de Lima
- Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Miglioli
- Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge C Flório
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivo Lebrun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula A F Waziry
- Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, United States
| | - Tatiana L Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Bárbara M L C Bocco
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Antônio C Bianco
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Esther L Ricci
- School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil; Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helenice S Spinosa
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
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Kozlova T, Rudnitskaya E, Burnyasheva A, Stefanova N, Peunov D, Kolosova N. Delayed Formation of Neonatal Reflexes and of Locomotor Skills Is Associated with Poor Maternal Behavior in OXYS Rats Prone to Alzheimer's Disease-like Pathology. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112910. [PMID: 36428477 PMCID: PMC9687320 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal brain development is characterized by high plasticity with critical windows of opportunity where any intervention may positively or adversely influence postnatal growth and lead to long-lasting consequences later in life. Poor maternal care is among these interventions. Here, we found that senescence-accelerated OXYS rats prone to an Alzheimer's disease-like pathology are characterized by more passive maternal behavior and insufficient care for pups as compared to control (Wistar) rats. OXYS pups demonstrated a delay in physical development (of auricle detachment, of emergence of pelage and incisors, of eye opening, and of vaginal opening in females) and late manifestation of reflexes and locomotor skills. All observed behavioral abnormalities are connected either with poor coordination of limbs' movements or with a decrease in motivation and development of depression-like behavior. It is possible that their manifestations can be promoted by the features of maternal behavior of OXYS rats. Overall, these early-life events may have long-lasting consequences and contribute to neurodegeneration and development of the Alzheimer's disease-like pathology later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Kozlova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Rudnitskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alena Burnyasheva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia Stefanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Daniil Peunov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nataliya Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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da Costa Alves M, Pereira DE, de Cássia de Araújo Bidô R, Rufino Freitas JC, Fernandes Dos Santos CP, Barbosa Soares JK. Effects of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn during pregnancy and lactation on neurobehavioral parameters of rats' offspring. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113862. [PMID: 33484906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyllanthus niruri L. (Phyllanthaceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine, mainly to treat kidney stones. However, the effects of maternal exposure to P. niruri remain poorly explored. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of administration of aqueous extract of P. niruri (AEPN) during pregnancy and lactation, in maternal toxicity, reflex maturation, and offspring memory. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant rats were divided into three groups (n = 8/group): Control (vehicle), AEPN 75, and AEPN 150 (each respectively treated with P. niruri at a dose of 75 and 150 mg/kg/day). The animals were treated via intragastric gavage during pregnancy and lactation. Weight gain, feed intake, and reproductive performance were analyzed in the mothers. In the offspring, the following tests were performed: Neonatal Reflex Ontogeny, Open Field Habituation Test and the Object Recognition Test in adulthood. RESULTS Maternal exposure to AEPN did not influence weight gain, feed intake, or reproductive parameters. In the offspring, anticipation of reflex ontogenesis (time of completion) was observed (p < 0.05). During adulthood, the AEPN groups presented decreases in exploratory activity upon their second exposure to the Open Field Habituation Test (in a dose-dependent manner) (p < 0.05). In the Object Recognition Test, administration of the extract at 75 and 150 mg/kg induced significant dose-dependent improvements in short and long-term memory (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Administration of the AEPN accelerated the reflex maturation in neonates, and improved offspring memory while inducing no maternal or neonatal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciel da Costa Alves
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil.
| | - Diego Elias Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil; Federal University of Paraiba, University City, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia de Araújo Bidô
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil; Federal University of Paraiba, University City, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Brazil.
| | - Juliano Carlo Rufino Freitas
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil; Chemistry Department, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, University City, 50740-540, Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Sítio Olho d'água da Bica, 58175-000, Cuité, Paraíba State, Brazil; Federal University of Paraiba, University City, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Brazil.
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Li S, Li C, Cheng X, Liu X, Han M. Research Progress of Male Reproductive Toxicity of Chinese Materia Medicas. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:7249679. [PMID: 31379965 PMCID: PMC6662473 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7249679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, as the infertility rate in China has been increasing year by year and semen quality decreasing, male reproductive toxicity of drugs attracts more and more attention. There are many factors that cause male reproductive toxicity, among which Chinese materia medica is an important aspect. This article will introduce the male reproductive toxicity of Chinese materia medicas grouped by different effectivenesses such as immunosuppressant, evacuant, diuretic, cardiotonic, anti-infective drug and analgesic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Li
- College of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoran Cheng
- College of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mei Han
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Zaccarelli-Magalhães J, Sandini TM, de Abreu GR, Petrocelli BM, Moreira N, Reis-Silva TM, Lebrun I, Flório JC, Ricci EL, Fukushima AR, Faria Waziry PA, de Souza Spinosa H. Prolonged exposure of rats to varenicline increases anxiety and alters serotonergic system, but has no effect on memory. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 181:1-8. [PMID: 30946884 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Varenicline is a drug used for smoking addiction cessation treatment and acts as a partial agonist of nicotinic cholinergic receptors. Recent clinical trial data support use of varenicline for treatment of conditions/addictions that are not related to smoking cessation. Considering the importance of this issue and the need for new studies on its effects, especially on behavior, more studies using animal models are necessary. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prolonged exposure to varenicline in anxiety-like behavior and memory, as well as in cerebral neurochemistry of rats. Male rats received three different doses of varenicline: 0.03 (therapeutic dose for humans), 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg orally (gavage) for 30 days. Animal behavior was analyzed through open field, elevated plus maze, light/dark box, social interaction, Barnes maze and novel object recognition tests. Neurotransmitter levels and their metabolites in different brain structures (hippocampus, striatum and frontal cortex) were measured. Results showed that prolonged exposure of rats to varenicline: 1) did not interfere in motor activity, but caused an anxiogenic effect on elevated plus maze, light/dark box and social interaction testes; 2) did not alter memory; and 3) promoted alterations on serotoninergic system in the striatum and frontal cortex. In conclusion, compilation of the data indicates that prolonged exposure of rats to varenicline promoted anxiogenic effects and alteration in serotonergic system, which corroborated behavioral findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães
- Graduate Program of Experimental and Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Thaisa Meira Sandini
- Graduate Program of Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Ramos de Abreu
- Graduate Program of Experimental and Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; Health Science Institute, Presbiterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Maria Petrocelli
- Health Science Institute, Presbiterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Moreira
- Graduate Program of Experimental and Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Moirinho Reis-Silva
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Melo de Morais, 1721, 05508-030 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ivo Lebrun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, 05503-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Camilo Flório
- Graduate Program of Experimental and Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Esther Lopes Ricci
- Health Science Institute, Presbiterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Rinaldi Fukushima
- Graduate Program of Experimental and Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; São Bento's College, Largo de São Bento s/no, 01029-010 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paula A Faria Waziry
- Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S. University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33328, United States of America.
| | - Helenice de Souza Spinosa
- Graduate Program of Experimental and Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Li X, Yang X, Xiang E, Luo J, Qiu S, Fang Y, Zhang L, Guo Y, Zheng J, Wang H. Maternal-Fetal Disposition and Metabolism of Retrorsine in Pregnant Rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:422-428. [PMID: 29352068 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are extensively synthesized by plants, are commonly present in herbs and foodstuffs, and exhibit hepatotoxicity requiring metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 3A to form the electrophilic metabolites-pyrrolic esters. PAs also cause embryo toxicity, but the metabolic profiles of PAs in fetus and placenta have been far from clear. In this study, we determined the basal metabolic activation of retrorsine (RTS) in rat maternal liver, placenta, and fetal liver in vitro and examined the fetal toxicity and bioactivation of RTS in vivo. Detection of microsomal RTS metabolites in vitro showed that the basal metabolic activity of fetal liver and placenta to RTS was much weaker than that of maternal liver. In addition, a higher rate of pyrrolic ester formation was found in normal male fetal liver compared with that of female pups. In vivo exposure to RTS caused fetal growth retardation, as well as placental and fetal liver injury. Little difference in serum RTS was observed in dams and fetuses, but the content of pyrrole-protein adduction in the fetal liver was much lower than that in maternal liver, which was consistent with basal metabolic activity. Unexpectedly, compared with basal metabolism in fetal liver, exposure to RTS during middle and late pregnancy caused an opposite gender difference in RTS metabolism and CYP3A expression in the fetal liver. For the first time, our study showed that RTS can permeate the placenta barrier and entering fetal circulation, whereas the intrauterine pyrrolic metabolite was generated mainly by fetal liver but not transported from the maternal circulation. Induction of CYP3A by RTS was gender-dependent in the fetal liver, which was probably responsible for RTS-induced fetal hepatic injury, especially for female pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - E Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Jinyuan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Shuaikai Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (X.L., E.X., J.L., S.Q., Y.F., Y.G., H.W.); and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University, Wuhan (Y.G., H.W.); Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning (X.Y., J.Z.); and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou (J.Z.); Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan (L.Z.), China
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Sandini TM, Udo MS, Reis‐Silva TM, Sanches D, Bernardi MM, Flório JC, Spinosa HDS. Prenatal exposure to integerrimine N‐oxide enriched butanolic residue from
Senecio brasiliensis
affects behavior and striatal neurotransmitter levels of rats in adulthood. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 47:157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa M. Sandini
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysesFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloAv. Prof. Dr. Lineu Prestes, 58005508‐000São PauloBrazil
| | - Mariana S.B. Udo
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysesFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloAv. Prof. Dr. Lineu Prestes, 58005508‐000São PauloBrazil
| | - Thiago M. Reis‐Silva
- Department of NeuroscienceInstitute of PsychologyUniversity of São PauloAv. Prof. Dr. Melo de Morais, 172105508‐030São PauloBrazil
| | - Daniel Sanches
- Department of PathologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloAv. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 8705508 270São PauloBrazil
| | - Maria Martha Bernardi
- Graduate Program of Environmental and Experimental Pathology and Graduate Program DentistryPaulista University, UNIPRua Dr. Bacelar, 121204026‐002São PauloBrazil
| | - Jorge Camilo Flório
- Department of PathologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloAv. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 8705508 270São PauloBrazil
| | - Helenice de S. Spinosa
- Department of PathologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloAv. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 8705508 270São PauloBrazil
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