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Mahdipour R, Ebrahimi V, Hosseini M, Soukhtanloo M, Rastegar-Moghaddam SH, Malvandi AM, Mohammadipour A. Maternal exposure to silicon dioxide nanoparticles reduces hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis and induces neurodegeneration in rat offspring hippocampus. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:41-52. [PMID: 35075925 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211058671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) are among the most widely used nanoparticles because of their chemical-physical properties. Since most brain maturation occurs in the neonatal period in humans and many mammals, it is important to understand how NPs may affect this process. This study tested the hypothesis that SiO2-NPs from treated dams could affect the hippocampus of neonatal rats during lactation. Twenty-four pregnant rats, after delivery, were divided into three groups of control, SiO2-NPs (25 mg/kg) and SiO2-NPs (100 mg/kg). The rats were treated from 2nd to 21st days post-delivery by gavage and the effects of these NPs were evaluated in the offspring's hippocampi to reveal the effects of maternal exposure to SiO2-NPs during lactation on the offspring's hippocampi. The offspring in the SiO2-NPs groups had higher malondialdehyde concentration and lower antioxidant activity in the hippocampi than the non-treated control group. The mean number of doublecortin positive (DCX+) cells and synaptophysin expression in the hippocampi of the SiO2-NPs groups were significantly lower than the control group, whereas the mean number of dark neurons was significantly higher. Also, animals in the SiO2-NPs groups had a weak cognitive performance in adulthood. In conclusion, maternal exposure to SiO2-NPs via breastfeeding could affect offspring's hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, leading to impaired cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mahdipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Ebrahimi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Abbas Mohammadipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sardar R, Zandieh Z, Namjoo Z, Soleimani M, Shirazi R, Hami J. Laterality and sex differences in the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in developing rat hippocampus. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:133-144. [PMID: 32975719 PMCID: PMC8206061 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as a member of neurotrophin family, plays an important role in neurogenesis, neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity. BDNF is strongly expressed in the hippocampus, where has been associated with memory consolidation, learning, and cognition. In this study, Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and stereology were used to evaluate the gender differences and left-right asymmetries in the expression of BDNF in the developing rat hippocampus during the neurogenesis-active period, at postnatal days P0, P7 and P14. We found the lowest expression of BDNF in the right side and the highest in the left side hippocampi of both male and female neonates at P14 (P ≤ 0.05 each). At the same time, there were significant differences in the hippocampal expression of BDNF between males and females (P ≤ 0.05 each). No important differences in the number of BDNF expressing neurons in different subregions of right/left hippocampus were observed between male and female animals at P0 and P7 (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the highest numerical density of BDNF positive cells was detected in the both sides hippocampal CA1 in the male/female offspring at P7, and in the CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus at P14 (P ≤ 0.05 each). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that there are prominent sex and interhemispheric differences in the expression of BDNF in the developing rat hippocampus, suggesting a probable mechanism for the control of gender and laterality differences in development, structure, and function of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Sardar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zandieh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Namjoo
- Department of Anatomical Science, school of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburn University, Hawthorn, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Javad Hami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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Rahimi Anbarkeh F, Jalali M, Nikravesh MR, Soukhtanloo M. Protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid on diazinon-induced renal toxicity in rats: an immunohistochemistry study. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1812659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi Anbarkeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jalali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nikravesh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Rahimi Anbarkeh F, Nikravesh MR, Jalali M, Soukhtanloo M. The protective role of alpha-lipoic acid on the appearance of fibronectin and laminin in renal tubules following diazinon exposure: An experimental immunohistochemical study. Toxicology 2020; 444:152583. [PMID: 32911022 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) exerts a major role in maintaining the structure and developmental processes of tissues. To form the tubular basement membrane in the kidney, sulfate proteoglycans, collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and other glycoproteins congregate in the ECM. As an insecticide, diazinon (DZN) may alter the proportion of ECM by cholinesterase activity inhibition and oxidative stress. The naturally, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) plays an effective and therapeutic role in the treatment of toxicities and diseases in the body. In the current study, an attempt was made to evaluate the impacts of alpha-lipoic acid on the distribution of fibronectin and laminin in the renal tubules of male Wistar rats following exposure to diazinon. In this study, the animal groups comprised 30 adult male Wistar rats (almost three months old) randomly distributed into the following groups; control, DZN (40 mg/kg), DZN + ALA (40 mg/kg+100 mg/kg), ALA (100 mg/kg), and sham. The rats were anesthetized after six weeks. Blood sampling was performed, and kidneys were removed for immunohistochemistry study. Diazinon reduced the distribution of fibronectin and laminin and significantly inhibited cholinesterase activity in the renal tubules. Furthermore, urea and creatinine levels were higher in diazinon than in other groups. ALA in the co-treatment group enhanced cholinesterase activity and distribution of both glycoproteins in the renal tubules. Urea and creatinine levels were meaningfully diminished in the DZN + ALA group. The nephrotoxic effect of diazinon in vivo was the reduced distribution of laminin and fibronectin, probably induced by cholinesterase activity inhibition. As an antioxidant with specific properties, ALA reduces the nephrotoxic effects of diazinon by multifarious mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi Anbarkeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nikravesh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jalali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Baradaran R, Khoshdel‐Sarkarizi H, Kargozar S, Hami J, Mohammadipour A, Sadr‐Nabavi A, Peyvandi Karizbodagh M, Kheradmand H, Haghir H. Developmental regulation and lateralisation of the α7 and α4 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in developing rat hippocampus. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 80:303-318. [DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Baradaran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hoda Khoshdel‐Sarkarizi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG) Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Javad Hami
- Department of Anatomical Sciences School of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Abbas Mohammadipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Ariane Sadr‐Nabavi
- Department of Medical Genetics School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Medical Genetic Research Center (MGRC) School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Hamed Kheradmand
- Hazrat Rasoul Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Haghir
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Medical Genetic Research Center (MGRC) School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Schiavone S, Neri M, Maffione AB, Frisoni P, Morgese MG, Trabace L, Turillazzi E. Increased iNOS and Nitrosative Stress in Dopaminergic Neurons of MDMA-Exposed Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051242. [PMID: 30871034 PMCID: PMC6429174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mechanisms underlying 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity have been proposed, including neurochemical alterations and excitotoxicity mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). However, ROS, NO, and RNS sources in the brain are not fully known. We aimed to investigate possible alterations in the expression of the ROS producer NOX enzymes (NOX2, NOX1, and NOX4), NO generators (iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS), markers of oxidative (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, 8OHdG), and nitrosative (3-nitrotyrosine, NT) stress, as well as the colocalization between cells positive for the dopamine transporter (DT1) and cells expressing the neuronal nuclei (NeuN) marker, in the frontal cortex of rats receiving saline or MDMA, sacrificed 6 h, 16 h, or 24 h after its administration. MDMA did not affect NOX2, NOX1, and NOX4 immunoreactivity, whereas iNOS expression was enhanced. The number of NT-positive cells was increased in MDMA-exposed animals, whereas no differences were detected in 8OHdG expression among experimental groups. MDMA and NT markers colocalized with DT1 positive cells. DT1 immunostaining was found in NeuN-positive stained cells. Virtually no colocalization was observed with microglia and astrocytes. Moreover, MDMA immunostaining was not found in NOX2-positive cells. Our results suggest that iNOS-derived nitrosative stress, but not NOX enzymes, may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of MDMA-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting the specificity of different enzymatic systems in the development of neuropathological alterations induced by the abuse of this psychoactive compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Margherita Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Angela Bruna Maffione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Frisoni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Morgese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Luigia Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Turillazzi
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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