1
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Chukwu S, Munn A, Wilson JC, Ibrahim H, Gosling D, Love RM, Bakr MM. Efficacy of an impression disinfectant solution after repeated use: An in vitro study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23792. [PMID: 38223712 PMCID: PMC10784168 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Statement of problem There are very few studies using Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) as an active disinfection agent for immersion techniques and there are no studies investigating the efficacy of repeated use of a disinfectant solution. Purpose This study evaluated an impression disinfectant by testing bacterial contamination of disinfectant batches used in a clinical setting after repeated use. Materials and methods Liquid samples were collected from impression disinfectant solutions used to disinfect dental impressions taken at a university dental clinic. The experimental samples (500 ml from 1 L of solution) were collected from teaching and professional clinics and the in-house commercial processing laboratory and stored at room temperature each day of clinic operation over five weeks. To determine to what extent the disinfectant efficacy of the active product decreased over time, the following tests were carried out: a. Inoculation b. Gram staining technique c. Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass spectrometry (MALDI- MS). Microbial growth was monitored and photographed. A culture revival was made from colonies grown on sheep blood agar, to isolate pure colonies incubated for 24 h at 37 °C. Each morphologically distinct type of colony was gram stained and MALDI spectrometry analysis was performed using the VITEK MS (BioMerieux Inc.). Results Evidence of growth of bacteria was detected in teaching clinics' samples, and no growth from the professional clinic or the commercial laboratory. Conclusions The study demonstrated that impression disinfectanat solution tested is effective against common oral bacteria, despite some rare species such as Bacillus circulans, Bacillus horneckiae, Bacillus altitudinis/pumilus and Bacillus cereus showing evidence of survival in solutions used for disinfection of impressions. However, in a high use teaching clinic environment its efficacy deteriorated. Though a second level disinfection protocol in the commercial laboratory-maintained impression disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Chukwu
- Clinical Dental technologist, L & T Dental Laboratory Bridgend, Wales, UK
| | - Alan Munn
- Senior Lecturer in Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jennifer C. Wilson
- Associate Professor, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hadeel Ibrahim
- Lecturer in Prosthodontics, University of Melbourne, Prosthodontist at the Royal Dental Hospital of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dean Gosling
- Advanced Scientist - Laboratory Operations Manager, Queensland Public Health and Scientific Services (QPHaSS), Queensland Health, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert M. Love
- Dean of Dentistry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mahmoud M. Bakr
- Director of Clinical Education, Senior lecturer in General Dental Practice, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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2
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Venkataraman S, Rajendran DS, Vaidyanathan VK. An insight into the utilization of microbial biosurfactants pertaining to their industrial applications in the food sector. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:245-273. [PMID: 38222912 PMCID: PMC10786815 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01435-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial biosurfactants surpass synthetic alternatives due to their biodegradability, minimal toxicity, selective properties, and efficacy across a wide range of environmental conditions. Owing to their remarkable advantages, biosurfactants employability as effective emulsifiers and stabilizers, antimicrobial and antioxidant attributes, rendering them for integration into food preservation, processing, formulations, and packaging. The biosurfactants can also be derived from various types of food wastes. Biosurfactants are harnessed across multiple sectors within the food industry, ranging from condiments (mayonnaise) to baked goods (bread, muffins, loaves, cookies, and dough), and extending into the dairy industry (cheese, yogurt, and fermented milk). Additionally, their impact reaches the beverage industry, poultry feed, seafood products like tuna, as well as meat processing and instant foods, collectively redefining each sector's landscape. This review thoroughly explores the multifaceted utilization of biosurfactants within the food industry as emulsifiers, antimicrobial, antiadhesive, antibiofilm agents, shelf-life enhancers, texture modifiers, and foaming agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swethaa Venkataraman
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Devi Sri Rajendran
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India
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3
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Torgby-Tetteh W, Krishnamoorthy S, Buys EM. Exploration of Infant Food Microbial Composition from Formal and Informal Settings Using Viable Counts and 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing in Johannesburg, South Africa. Foods 2023; 12:3596. [PMID: 37835249 PMCID: PMC10572494 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhoea is a considerable agent of disease and loss of life in children below age five in South Africa. Soweto, South Africa is an urban township in Johannesburg, with most of its population living in informal settlements. Informal settlements in areas such as Soweto are often impoverished communities that do not get water easily, inadequate sanitation is pervasive, and poor hygiene common (risk factors for diarrhoeal diseases). Among the age groups, infants are most vulnerable to diarrhoeal infection, mainly through the ingestion of food and water. The presence of undesirable microbiota is a food safety and health challenge. This study investigated the microbiome of infant food samples collected from formal (n = 19) and informal (n = 11) households in Soweto. A non-culture-dependent technique was used to characterise the bacterial diversity and composition of the infant food samples. The results indicated that household type did not influence microbial diversity and composition in Soweto. South Africa. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Tenericutes dominated the phyla rank in food samples from formal and informal households. Potential pathogens of public health significance, including diarrhoeal disease agents such as Salmonella spp., E. coli, and Campylobacter spp., were detected within the foods. We concluded that the infant food samples showed rich bacterial diversity, and the presence of potential pathogens of public health significance suggests a disease risk that infants may face upon consuming the foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Torgby-Tetteh
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (W.T.-T.); (S.K.)
| | - Srinivasan Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (W.T.-T.); (S.K.)
- National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management-Thanjavur (NIFTEM-T), Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - Elna M. Buys
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (W.T.-T.); (S.K.)
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4
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Identification and evaluation of spoilage potential of four Bacillus strains isolated from slimy rice noodles. Food Microbiol 2023; 110:104160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Mona MH, El-Khodary GM, Abdel-Halim KY, Omran NE, Abd El-Aziz KK, El-Saidy SA. Histopathological alterations induced by marine environmental pollutants on the bivalve Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière 1789) from Temsah Lake, Suez Canal, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:9971-9989. [PMID: 34510354 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bivalves are considered a main consumed matrix for coastal communities worldwide and classified as hyperaccumulators of pollutants. The present study aims to determine some micro-organisms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and okadaic acid (OA) levels in Cerastoderma glaucum collected from Temsah Lake, Egypt, and their induction through histopathological damage and caspase-3 protein expression. During the autumn, it was found different types of biological and chemical pollutants, especially benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) that accumulated in C. glaucum soft tissues and exceeded the safety limit for shellfish consumption. Dioxin-like PCB3 was predominant in C. glaucum soft tissues during autumn, but the total levels of PCBs in these tissues have not exceeded the permissible limit. Chlorophyll-a (Chl. a), nutrient concentrations, and Prorocentrum lima dinoflagellates in the water significantly increased during autumn. High P. lima abundance was confirmed by high OA in the soft tissues during this season compared to the other seasons. The measured contaminants may render C. glaucum more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The autumn season showed a significant increase in the colony-forming units (CFU). C. glaucum showed calcification abnormalities and adhering of abnormal brown organic material to the inner surface of the shell valves, which was related to poor water conditions and Vibrio infection. Damages or injuries on gills and digestive gland tissues indicated an impact of the pollutants on C. glaucum. Also, high expressions of caspase-3 were recorded in these tissues during all the seasons. So, C. glaucum cockles, collected from Temsah Lake, may induce serious diseases to consumers, especially when eaten raw or insufficient cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Mona
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Gihan M El-Khodary
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y Abdel-Halim
- Mammalian & Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agriculural Pesticides Laboratory (CAPL), Agricultural Research Center (ARC),12618-Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Nahla E Omran
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Salwa A El-Saidy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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6
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Combined pulsed electric field and high-power ultrasound treatments for microbial inactivation in oil-in-water emulsions. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Patel D, Ahmad A, Maheshwari P, Bird B, Albert A. Bacillus pumilus-Borne Food Poisoning in an Immunosuppressed Host. Am J Med 2021; 134:e573-e574. [PMID: 34297978 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Patel
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey.
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey
| | - Parth Maheshwari
- Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey
| | - Benjamin Bird
- Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey
| | - Adam Albert
- Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey; Lebanon Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lebanon, Pennsylvania
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8
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Løvdal T, Lunestad BT, Myrmel M, Rosnes JT, Skipnes D. Microbiological Food Safety of Seaweeds. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112719. [PMID: 34829000 PMCID: PMC8619114 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of seaweeds in the human diet has a long history in Asia and has now been increasing also in the western world. Concurrent with this trend, there is a corresponding increase in cultivation and harvesting for commercial production. Edible seaweed is a heterogenous product category including species within the green, red, and brown macroalgae. Moreover, the species are utilized on their own or in combinatorial food products, eaten fresh or processed by a variety of technologies. The present review summarizes available literature with respect to microbiological food safety and quality of seaweed food products, including processing and other factors controlling these parameters, and emerging trends to improve on the safety, utilization, quality, and storability of seaweeds. The over- or misuse of antimicrobials and the concurrent development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a current worldwide health concern. The role of seaweeds in the development of AMR and the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes is an underexplored field of research and is discussed in that context. Legislation and guidelines relevant to edible seaweed are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond Løvdal
- Nofima–Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Department of Process Technology, Richard Johnsens Gate 4, P.O. Box 8034, NO-4021 Stavanger, Norway; (J.T.R.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bjørn Tore Lunestad
- Institute of Marine Research, Section for Contaminants and Biohazards, Nordnesgaten 50, P.O. Box 1870, NO-5005 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Mette Myrmel
- Virology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 15, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1433 Ås, Norway;
| | - Jan Thomas Rosnes
- Nofima–Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Department of Process Technology, Richard Johnsens Gate 4, P.O. Box 8034, NO-4021 Stavanger, Norway; (J.T.R.); (D.S.)
| | - Dagbjørn Skipnes
- Nofima–Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Department of Process Technology, Richard Johnsens Gate 4, P.O. Box 8034, NO-4021 Stavanger, Norway; (J.T.R.); (D.S.)
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9
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Todorov SD, Ivanova IV, Popov I, Weeks R, Chikindas ML. Bacillus spore-forming probiotics: benefits with concerns? Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:513-530. [PMID: 34620036 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1983517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Representatives of the genus Bacillus are multifunctional microorganisms with a broad range of applications in both traditional fermentation and modern biotechnological processes. Bacillus spp. has several beneficial properties. They serve as starter cultures for various traditional fermented foods and are important biotechnological producers of enzymes, antibiotics, and bioactive peptides. They are also used as probiotics for humans, in veterinary medicine, and as feed additives for animals of agricultural importance. The beneficial effects of bacilli are well-reported and broadly acknowledged. However, with a better understanding of their positive role, many questions have been raised regarding their safety and the relevance of spore formation in the practical application of this group of microorganisms. What is the role of Bacillus spp. in the human microbial consortium? When and why did they start colonizing the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of humans and other animals? Can spore-forming probiotics be considered as truly beneficial organisms, or should they still be approached with caution and regarded as "benefits with concerns"? In this review, we not only hope to answer the above questions but to expand the scope of the conversation surrounding bacilli probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iskra Vitanova Ivanova
- Department of General and Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Igor Popov
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Richard Weeks
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Leonidas Chikindas
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.,Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Galano M, van den Dungen MW, van Rij T, Abbas HE. Safety evaluation of food enzymes produced by a safe strain lineage of Bacillussubtilis. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 126:105030. [PMID: 34455008 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The safety of microbially-derived food enzymes must be carefully assessed before market introduction. The production strain's safety is central to the assessment. In this paper, we have determined that DSM's Bacillus subtilis strain lineage can be considered safe for food enzyme production. The mutations introduced into this non-pathogenic and non-toxigenic microorganism do not lead to any safety concerns, as ensured by a thorough characterization of the strain lineage. The safety of both targeted and randomly introduced changes into the production strain's genome is confirmed by validating the absence of vector sequences and antibiotic resistance genes in all relevant production strains, and by demonstrating absence of cytotoxic peptide production. Furthermore, three food enzyme preparations produced by strains within this lineage did not show genotoxic potential. 90-day oral toxicity studies performed with the same enzyme preparations did not reveal toxicologically significant adverse effects. These results demonstrate absence of safety concerns from the introduced genetic modifications. Based on the establishment of this safe strain lineage, we postulate that future enzymes produced by current and new strains derived from the lineage can be safely developed without additional genotoxicity and systemic toxicity studies, allowing for a reduction of animal testing without compromising on product safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Galano
- DSM Food Specialties B.V., Alexander Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Tjeerd van Rij
- DSM Food Specialties B.V., Alexander Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Hanna E Abbas
- DSM Food Specialties B.V., Alexander Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX, Delft, the Netherlands
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11
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Stanton CR, Rice DTF, Beer M, Batinovic S, Petrovski S. Isolation and Characterisation of the Bundooravirus Genus and Phylogenetic Investigation of the Salasmaviridae Bacteriophages. Viruses 2021; 13:1557. [PMID: 34452423 PMCID: PMC8402886 DOI: 10.3390/v13081557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus is a highly diverse genus containing over 200 species that can be problematic in both industrial and medical settings. This is mainly attributed to Bacillus sp. being intrinsically resistant to an array of antimicrobial compounds, hence alternative treatment options are needed. In this study, two bacteriophages, PumA1 and PumA2 were isolated and characterized. Genome nucleotide analysis identified the two phages as novel at the DNA sequence level but contained proteins similar to phi29 and other related phages. Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of 34 phi29-like phages resulted in the formation of seven clusters that aligned with recent ICTV classifications. PumA1 and PumA2 share high genetic mosaicism and form a genus with another phage named WhyPhy, more recently isolated from the United States of America. The three phages within this cluster are the only candidates to infect B. pumilus. Sequence analysis of B. pumilus phage resistant mutants revealed that PumA1 and PumA2 require polymerized and peptidoglycan bound wall teichoic acid (WTA) for their infection. Bacteriophage classification is continuously evolving with the increasing phages' sequences in public databases. Understanding phage evolution by utilizing a combination of phylogenetic approaches provides invaluable information as phages become legitimate alternatives in both human health and industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra R. Stanton
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (C.R.S.); (D.T.F.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Daniel T. F. Rice
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (C.R.S.); (D.T.F.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Michael Beer
- Department of Defence Science and Technology, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia;
| | - Steven Batinovic
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (C.R.S.); (D.T.F.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Steve Petrovski
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (C.R.S.); (D.T.F.R.); (S.B.)
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12
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Arreguin-Campos R, Jiménez-Monroy KL, Diliën H, Cleij TJ, van Grinsven B, Eersels K. Imprinted Polymers as Synthetic Receptors in Sensors for Food Safety. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:46. [PMID: 33670184 PMCID: PMC7916965 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne illnesses represent high costs worldwide in terms of medical care and productivity. To ensure safety along the food chain, technologies that help to monitor and improve food preservation have emerged in a multidisciplinary context. These technologies focus on the detection and/or removal of either biological (e.g., bacteria, virus, etc.) or chemical (e.g., drugs and pesticides) safety hazards. Imprinted polymers are synthetic receptors able of recognizing both chemical and biological contaminants. While numerous reviews have focused on the use of these robust materials in extraction and separation applications, little bibliography summarizes the research that has been performed on their coupling to sensing platforms for food safety. The aim of this work is therefore to fill this gap and highlight the multidisciplinary aspects involved in the application of imprinting technology in the whole value chain ranging from IP preparation to integrated sensor systems for the specific recognition and quantification of chemical and microbiological contaminants in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616,6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.A.-C.); (K.L.J.-M.); (H.D.); (T.J.C.); (B.v.G.)
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13
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Evelyn, Silva FV. Ultrasound assisted thermal inactivation of spores in foods: Pathogenic and spoilage bacteria, molds and yeasts. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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In vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the Algerian species Micropus bombycinus. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Kilic T, Coleri Cihan A. Biofilm Formation of the Facultative Thermophile Bacillus pumilus D194A and Affects of Sanitation Agents on Its Biofilms. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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16
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Shah MM, Miringu G, Wada A, Kaneko S, Ichinose Y. Case Report: Bacillus pumilus-Caused Bacteremia in a Patient with Food Poisoning. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 100:688-690. [PMID: 30628569 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus pumilus has rarely been reported as a cause of human infections. We report a case of a B. pumilus causing food poisoning in an adult male. A 51-year-old Japanese man complained of severe abdominal cramps, fever with chills, diarrhea, dizziness, and loss of appetite after eating reheated rice with stewed minced meat purchased from a Kenyan restaurant. Bacillus pumilus was isolated from blood culture and was identified using a biochemical test and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The patient was treated with probiotics and ciprofloxacin and recovered after 3 days. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the potential role of B. pumilus as a foodborne pathogen in Kenya and highlights the importance of good hygiene and food preparation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Monir Shah
- Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine-Kenya Medical Research Institute Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gabriel Miringu
- Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine-Kenya Medical Research Institute Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Akihiro Wada
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Eco-Epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ichinose
- Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine-Kenya Medical Research Institute Project, Nairobi, Kenya
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17
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Borba VSD, Paiva Rodrigues MH, Badiale-Furlong E. Impact of Biological Contamination of Rice on Food Safety. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1683745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verônica Simões De Borba
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Marcy Heli Paiva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
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18
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Multifaceted toxin profile of Bacillus probiotic in newly isolated Bacillus spp. from soil rhizosphere. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Antifungal spectrum characterization and identification of strong volatile organic compounds produced by Bacillus pumilus TM-R. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01817. [PMID: 31206088 PMCID: PMC6558263 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain biocontrol agents for suppression of food-deteriorating fungi during storage of agricultural products, bacteria producing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with strong antifungal activity were screened and isolated from various environmental samples. Among 136 bacterial isolates, strain TM-R showed the strongest and broadest antifungal activity. Based on physiological and genetical characterization, the bacterium was identified as Bacillus pumilus. The effects of VOCs produced by the bacterium, which was grown on four types of agar media (nutrient, Trypto-Soya, Luria-Bertani, and TM Enterprise), were examined against six species of fungi (Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Penicillium italicum) in both small- and large-scale tests (plate and 12-L tests, respectively). In the plate test, the bacterium markedly suppressed the mycelial growth of five fungi (Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, F. oxysporum, and P. italicum) but promoted the growth of Aspergillus niger. In the 12-L test, the degree of growth inhibitiondecreased; however, the bacterium grown on TMEA still exhibited the strongest inhibition, especially against P. italicum (growth inhibition rate of 93%). Surprisingly, the growth of Aspergillus niger was promoted even more strongly (-36%) by the bacterium on TMEA than in the plate test (-9%). Twenty-two of 32 VOCs detected by GC-MS were identified using three databases (NIST 2011, AromaOffice, and AroChemBase). The species and concentration of detected VOCs differed greatly among growth media. To identify causative antifungal VOCs, we estimated the correlation between growth inhibition of P. italicum by the bacterium grown on each of the four media vs. the relative abundance of individual VOCs. As a result, four VOCs (methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, 5-methyl-2-heptanone, and S-(-)-2-methylbutylamine) were determined to be the predominant antifungal VOCs. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to specify causative antifungal VOCs using such an approach.
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Evelyn, Silva FV. Heat assisted HPP for the inactivation of bacteria, moulds and yeasts spores in foods: Log reductions and mathematical models. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Efficacy of a novel bacteriocin isolated from Lysinibacillus sp. against Bacillus pumilus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Blikra MJ, Løvdal T, Vaka MR, Roiha IS, Lunestad BT, Lindseth C, Skipnes D. Assessment of food quality and microbial safety of brown macroalgae (Alaria esculenta and Saccharina latissima). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1198-1206. [PMID: 30054912 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a rapid increase in the number of seaweed farms in the Western world, and it is crucial for these companies and their customers to have standardized methods for quality assessment and optimization. The aim of this study was to adapt known methods for food-quality determination for the analysis of seaweed quality, including color, texture, and microbiology, and to discuss optimal heat treatments for the popular macroalgae Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta. RESULTS The development of an attractive, green color during heating was highly specific to species, freezing history, and part of the thallus. Resilience and thermostability were also species dependent. Low microbial numbers (1-3 log cfu/g) for total aerobic count, psychrotrophic bacteria, and spore-forming bacteria were found, but Bacillus spp. were isolated. No enterococci, coliforms, pathogenic vibrios, or Listeria monocytogenes were detected. CONCLUSION The methods employed were able to describe clearly the physical and microbial qualities of A. esculenta and S. latissima, and quality changes during processing. Based on the results, optimal cooking for a minimum of 15 min at 95 °C was suggested for S. latissima. Fresh and frozen A. esculenta showed the greenest color after heating for 5-9 s at a high temperature (> 85 °C). If a higher heat load is needed to achieve safe and stable food products, using fresh and not frozen A. esculenta is highly recommended, as fresh specimens remain green even after 15 min at 95 °C. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe J Blikra
- Department of Process Technology, Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Trond Løvdal
- Department of Process Technology, Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mette R Vaka
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Irja S Roiha
- Department of Seafood Safety and Health and Department of Contaminants and Biohazards, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Lunestad
- Department of Seafood Safety and Health and Department of Contaminants and Biohazards, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie Lindseth
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dagbjørn Skipnes
- Department of Process Technology, Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Stavanger, Norway
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Gärtner MA, Peter S, Jung M, Drillich M, Einspanier R, Gabler C. Increased mRNA expression of selected pro-inflammatory factors in inflamed bovine endometrium in vivo as well as in endometrial epithelial cells exposed to Bacillus pumilus in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 28:982-994. [PMID: 25562589 DOI: 10.1071/rd14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial epithelium plays a crucial role in the first immune response to invading bacteria by producing cytokines and chemokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the first inflammatory response of the endometrium in vivo and in vitro. Gene expression of several pro-inflammatory factors and Toll-like receptors (TLR2, -4, -6) was determined in endometrial cytobrush samples obtained from healthy cows and cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis. Endometrial epithelial cells were co-cultured with an isolated autochthonous uterine bacterial strain Bacillus pumilus. Total RNA was extracted from in vivo and in vitro samples and subjected to real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. CXC ligands (CXCL) 1/2 and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 2 mRNA expression was higher in cows with subclinical endometritis and CXCL3 mRNA expression was higher in cows with clinical endometritis compared with healthy cows. B. pumilus induced cell death of epithelial cells within 24h of co-culturing. The presence of B. pumilus resulted in significantly higher mRNA expression of interleukin 1α (IL1A), IL6, IL8, CXCL1-3 and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in co-cultured cells compared with untreated controls. The maximum increase was mainly detected after 2h. These results support the hypothesis that bacterial infection of endometrial cells might induce prompt synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines resulting in a local inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina A Gärtner
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Peter
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Jung
- Institute for the Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, 16321 Bernau, Germany
| | - Marc Drillich
- University Clinic for Ruminants, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Gabler
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Mingmongkolchai S, Panbangred W. Bacillus probiotics: an alternative to antibiotics for livestock production. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:1334-1346. [PMID: 29316021 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of probiotics as feed supplements in animal production has increased considerably over the last decade, particularly since the ban on antibiotic growth promoters in the livestock sector. Several Bacillus sp. are attractive for use as probiotic supplements in animal feed due to their ability to produce spores. Their heat stability and ability to survive the low pH of the gastric barrier represent an advantage over other probiotic micro-organisms. This review discusses important characteristics required for selection of Bacillus probiotic strains and summarizes the beneficial effect of Bacillus-based feed additives on animal production. Although the mechanism of action of Bacillus probiotics has not been fully elucidated, they are effective in improving the growth, survival and health status of terrestrial and aquatic livestock. Bacillus strains also have utility in bioremediation and can reduce nitrogenous waste, thereby improving environmental conditions and water quality. Finally, recent innovative approaches for using Bacillus spores in various applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mingmongkolchai
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Science, Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology (MU-OU:CRC), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - W Panbangred
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Science, Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology (MU-OU:CRC), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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25
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Mugadza DT, Buys E. BacillusandPaenibacillusspecies associated with extended shelf life milk during processing and storage. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Tichaona Mugadza
- Department of Food Science; University of Pretoria; Private Bag X20 Hatfield Pretoria Gauteng 0028 South Africa
| | - Elna Buys
- Department of Food Science; University of Pretoria; Private Bag X20 Hatfield Pretoria Gauteng 0028 South Africa
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26
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Investigation of the diversity and safety of the predominant Bacillus pumilus sensu lato and other Bacillus species involved in the alkaline fermentation of cassava leaves for the production of Ntoba Mbodi. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Brodowska AJ, Nowak A, Kondratiuk-Janyska A, Piątkowski M, Śmigielski K. Modelling the Ozone-Based Treatments for Inactivation of Microorganisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1196. [PMID: 28991199 PMCID: PMC5664697 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents the development of a model for ozone treatment in a dynamic bed of different microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, B. pumilus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Aspergillus niger, Eupenicillium cinnamopurpureum) on a heterogeneous matrix (juniper berries, cardamom seeds) initially treated with numerous ozone doses during various contact times was studied. Taking into account various microorganism susceptibility to ozone, it was of great importance to develop a sufficiently effective ozone dose to preserve food products using different strains based on the microbial model. For this purpose, we have chosen the Weibull model to describe the survival curves of different microorganisms. Based on the results of microorganism survival modelling after ozone treatment and considering the least susceptible strains to ozone, we selected the critical ones. Among tested strains, those from genus Bacillus were recognized as the most critical strains. In particular, B. subtilis and B. pumilus possessed the highest resistance to ozone treatment because the time needed to achieve the lowest level of its survival was the longest (up to 17.04 min and 16.89 min for B. pumilus reduction on juniper berry and cardamom seed matrix, respectively). Ozone treatment allow inactivate microorganisms to achieving lower survival rates by ozone dose (20.0 g O₃/m³ O₂, with a flow rate of 0.4 L/min) and contact time (up to 20 min). The results demonstrated that a linear correlation between parameters p and k in Weibull distribution, providing an opportunity to calculate a fitted equation of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Joanna Brodowska
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Nowak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | | | - Marcin Piątkowski
- Division of Heat and Mass Transfer, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Śmigielski
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos MDL, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Gropp J, Kolar B, Kouba M, López Alonso M, López Puente S, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Brozzi R, Saarela M. Safety and efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (NCIMB 30229) as a silage additive for all animal species. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04860. [PMID: 32625523 PMCID: PMC7010186 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The additive under assessment is a preparation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCIMB 3022 intended for use as a technological additive in forages for all animal species at a proposed minimum dose of 5 × 107 CFU/kg fresh materials. The species B. amyloliquefaciens is considered by EFSA to be suitable for the qualified presumption of safety approach to safety assessment. This approach requires the identification of the strain and evidence that it is not toxigenic and does not show acquired resistance to relevant antibiotics. In a previous assessment, the identity and susceptibility to clinically relevant antibiotics of the active agent was established but the lack of toxigenic potential could not be demonstrated. Therefore, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) could not conclude on the safety of the product for target animals, consumers, users or the environment. In the same opinion, the potential of the additive to improve aerobic stability of silages at the proposed dose was not convincingly demonstrated. A new cytotoxicity study was conducted using methanol extracts. The methanol extract was cytotoxic at the inclusion level of 5%, while no cytotoxicity was observed at lower concentrations. The current guidance on Bacillus requires absence of toxic effect using the non-concentrated supernatant. Since the applicant was unable to determine the correlation between the methanol extracts and the Bacillus supernatant concentrations, the FEEDAP Panel is unable to conclude on the toxigenic potential of the strain based on the current data. An additional efficacy study with a similar protocol to the ones previously assessed was conducted. The study showed an improved aerobic stability when added to forage at the proposed dose. However, the FEEDAP Panel remains unable to conclude on the efficacy of the additive to improve the ensiling process on the basis of a single positive result.
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29
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Hassan HA, Mostfa MI. Monitoring the quality of mineral bottled water concerning to potential pathogenic bacteria and nitrate levels. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x17020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Hu T, Li YH, Kuang XF, Lu CZ. Synthesis and characterization of polyoxometalate-based silver(i) phenylethynide compounds with antibacterial and antifungal activities. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00180k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Bohn J, Yüksel-Dadak A, Dröge S, König H. Isolation of lactic acid-forming bacteria from biogas plants. J Biotechnol 2016; 244:4-15. [PMID: 28011128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Direct molecular approaches provide hints that lactic acid bacteria play an important role in the degradation process of organic material to methanogenetic substrates in biogas plants. However, their diversity in biogas fermenter samples has not been analyzed in detail yet. For that reason, five different biogas fermenters, which were fed mainly with maize silage and manure from cattle or pigs, were examined for the occurrence of lactic acid-forming bacteria. A total of 197 lactic acid-forming bacterial strains were isolated, which we assigned to 21 species, belonging to the genera Bacillus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus and Pseudoramibacter-related. A qualitative multiplex system and a real-time quantitative PCR could be developed for most isolates, realized by the selection of specific primers. Their role in biogas plants was discussed on the basis of the quantitative results and on physiological data of the isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Bohn
- Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research (IMW), Johannes Gutenberg-Universität of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Aytül Yüksel-Dadak
- Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research (IMW), Johannes Gutenberg-Universität of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Dröge
- Test and Research Institute Pirmasens (PFI), Marie-Curie-Straße 19, 66953 Pirmasens, Germany
| | - Helmut König
- Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research (IMW), Johannes Gutenberg-Universität of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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32
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Risks for public health related to the presence of Bacillus cereus and other Bacillus spp. including Bacillus thuringiensis in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2016. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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33
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Salvetti E, Orrù L, Capozzi V, Martina A, Lamontanara A, Keller D, Cash H, Felis GE, Cattivelli L, Torriani S, Spano G. Integrate genome-based assessment of safety for probiotic strains: Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 as a case study. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4595-605. [PMID: 26952108 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7416-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are microorganisms that confer beneficial effects on the host; nevertheless, before being allowed for human consumption, their safety must be verified with accurate protocols. In the genomic era, such procedures should take into account the genomic-based approaches. This study aims at assessing the safety traits of Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 integrating the most updated genomics-based procedures and conventional phenotypic assays. Special attention was paid to putative virulence factors (VF), antibiotic resistance (AR) genes and genes encoding enzymes responsible for harmful metabolites (i.e. biogenic amines, BAs). This probiotic strain was phenotypically resistant to streptomycin and kanamycin, although the genome analysis suggested that the AR-related genes were not easily transferrable to other bacteria, and no other genes with potential safety risks, such as those related to VF or BA production, were retrieved. Furthermore, no unstable elements that could potentially lead to genomic rearrangements were detected. Moreover, a workflow is proposed to allow the proper taxonomic identification of a microbial strain and the accurate evaluation of risk-related gene traits, combining whole genome sequencing analysis with updated bioinformatics tools and standard phenotypic assays. The workflow presented can be generalized as a guideline for the safety investigation of novel probiotic strains to help stakeholders (from scientists to manufacturers and consumers) to meet regulatory requirements and avoid misleading information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Salvetti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, T12 Y337, Ireland
| | - Luigi Orrù
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia Agraria, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302 Fiorenzuola d'Arda, 29017, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Vittorio Capozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alessia Martina
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Lamontanara
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia Agraria, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302 Fiorenzuola d'Arda, 29017, Piacenza, Italy
| | - David Keller
- Ganeden Biotech Inc., 5800 Landerbrook Drive Suite 300, Mayfield Heights, OH, 44124, USA
| | - Howard Cash
- Ganeden Biotech Inc., 5800 Landerbrook Drive Suite 300, Mayfield Heights, OH, 44124, USA
| | - Giovanna E Felis
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia Agraria, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302 Fiorenzuola d'Arda, 29017, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Sandra Torriani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Spano
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122, Foggia, Italy
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Simlai A, Mukherjee K, Mandal A, Bhattacharya K, Samanta A, Roy A. Partial purification and characterization of an antimicrobial activity from the wood extract of mangrove plant Ceriops decandra. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:103-12. [PMID: 27065777 PMCID: PMC4822046 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of resistance towards the antibiotics in use today has been a source of growing concern in the modern healthcare system around the world. To counter this major threat, there is an urgent need for discovery of new antimicrobials. Many plants, like mangroves, possess highly diversified list of natural phytochemicals which are known to have wide range of bioactivities. These phytochemicals can be good sources for the discovery of new drugs. In this study, we report the partial phytochemical characterization and antimicrobial activities of a semi-purified fraction isolated from the wood tissue of Ceriops decandra, a mangrove plant. This fraction named CD-3PM was chromatographically separated from C. decandra wood extract and was subjected to different spectral analyses to determine its partial chemical nature. The structural investigation indicates the presence of two diterpenoids, i) 3β, 13β-Dihydroxy-8-abietaen-7-one and ii) 3β-Hydroxy-8,13-abietadien-7-one in the CD-3PM fraction. The antimicrobial potential of this fraction was evaluated by microdilution-MTT assay against several organisms. Among the nine microorganisms found to be sensitive to the CD-3PM fraction, six organisms are reported to be pathogenic in nature. The CD-3PM fraction with broad spectrum antimicrobial efficacy revealed the presence of two diterpenoids and possesses potential applications in drug discovery process and food processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Simlai
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Anurup Mandal
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Amalesh Samanta
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
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Gopal N, Hill C, Ross PR, Beresford TP, Fenelon MA, Cotter PD. The Prevalence and Control of Bacillus and Related Spore-Forming Bacteria in the Dairy Industry. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1418. [PMID: 26733963 PMCID: PMC4685140 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk produced in udder cells is sterile but due to its high nutrient content, it can be a good growth substrate for contaminating bacteria. The quality of milk is monitored via somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts, with prescribed regulatory limits to ensure quality and safety. Bacterial contaminants can cause disease, or spoilage of milk and its secondary products. Aerobic spore-forming bacteria, such as those from the genera Sporosarcina, Paenisporosarcina, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus, Geobacillus and Bacillus, are a particular concern in this regard as they are able to survive industrial pasteurization and form biofilms within pipes and stainless steel equipment. These single or multiple-species biofilms become a reservoir of spoilage microorganisms and a cycle of contamination can be initiated. Indeed, previous studies have highlighted that these microorganisms are highly prevalent in dead ends, corners, cracks, crevices, gaskets, valves and the joints of stainless steel equipment used in the dairy manufacturing plants. Hence, adequate monitoring and control measures are essential to prevent spoilage and ensure consumer safety. Common controlling approaches include specific cleaning-in-place processes, chemical and biological biocides and other novel methods. In this review, we highlight the problems caused by these microorganisms, and discuss issues relating to their prevalence, monitoring thereof and control with respect to the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gopal
- Teagasc Food Research CentreCork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- School of Microbiology, University College CorkCork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome InstituteCork, Ireland
| | - Paul R. Ross
- College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College CorkCork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research CentreCork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome InstituteCork, Ireland
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36
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Caamaño-Antelo S, Fernández-No I, Böhme K, Ezzat-Alnakip M, Quintela-Baluja M, Barros-Velázquez J, Calo-Mata P. Genetic discrimination of foodborne pathogenic and spoilage Bacillus spp. based on three housekeeping genes. Food Microbiol 2015; 46:288-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Analysis of emetic toxin production by Bacillus species using cellular cytotoxicity, molecular, and chromatographic assays. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Yamamoto S, Shiraishi S, Suzuki S. Are cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
S13-3 responsible for the plant defence response in strawberry against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
? Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 60:379-86. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Yamamoto
- Eco Farm Department; IAI Corporation; Shizuoka Japan
| | - S. Shiraishi
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture; University of Yamanashi; Yamanashi Japan
| | - S. Suzuki
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture; University of Yamanashi; Yamanashi Japan
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39
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KUSMIATUN ANIK, RUSMANA IMAN, BUDIARTI SRI. Characterization of Bacteriophage Specific to Bacillus pumilus from Ciapus River in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.22.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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40
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De Bellis P, Minervini F, Di Biase M, Valerio F, Lavermicocca P, Sisto A. Toxigenic potential and heat survival of spore-forming bacteria isolated from bread and ingredients. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 197:30-9. [PMID: 25555227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-four spore-forming bacterial strains isolated from bread ingredients and bread, mainly belonging to the genus Bacillus (including Bacillus cereus), together with 11 reference strains were investigated to evaluate their cytotoxic potential and heat survival in order to ascertain if they could represent a risk for consumer health. Therefore, we performed a screening test of cytotoxic activity on HT-29 cells using bacterial culture filtrates after growing bacterial cells in Brain Heart Infusion medium and in the bread-based medium Bread Extract Broth (BEB). Moreover, immunoassays and PCR analyses, specifically targeting already known toxins and related genes of B. cereus, as well as a heat spore inactivation assay were carried out. Despite of strain variability, the results clearly demonstrated a high cytotoxic activity of B. cereus strains, even if for most of them it was significantly lower in BEB medium. Cytotoxic activity was also detected in 30% of strains belonging to species different from B. cereus, although, with a few exceptions (e.g. Bacillus simplex N58.2), it was low or very low. PCR analyses detected the presence of genes involved in the production of NHE, HBL or CytK toxins in B. cereus strains, while genes responsible for cereulide production were not detected. Production of NHE and HBL toxins was also confirmed by specific immunoassays only for B. cereus strains even if PCR analyses revealed the presence of related toxin genes also in some strains of other species. Viable spore count was ascertained after a heat treatment simulating the bread cooking process. Results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens strains almost completely survived the heat treatment showing less than 2 log-cycle reductions similarly to two strains of B. cereus group III and single strains belonging to Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mojavensis and Paenibacillus spp. Importantly, spores from strains of the B. cereus group IV exhibited a thermal resistance markedly lower than B. cereus group III with high values of log-cycle reductions. In conclusion, our results indicate that spore-forming bacteria contaminating bread ingredients and bread could represent a source of concern for consumer health related to the presence of strains, such as strains of B. cereus group III and single strains of other species, showing the ability to produce toxic substances associated to a thermal resistance enough to survive the bread cooking conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmira De Bellis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Minervini
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Di Biase
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Valerio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Lavermicocca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sisto
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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41
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Fernández-No IC, Böhme K, Caamaño-Antelo S, Barros-Velázquez J, Calo-Mata P. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 16S rRNA gene of foodborne Bacillus spp. Food Microbiol 2014; 46:239-245. [PMID: 25475292 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 16S rRNA gene of foodborne Bacillus spp. that may be useful for typing purposes. These species include, among others, Bacillus cereus, an important pathogenic species involved in food poisoning, and Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus, which are causative agents of food spoilage described as responsible for foodborne disease outbreaks. With this purpose in mind, 52 Bacillus strains isolated from culture collections and fresh and processed food were considered. SNP type "Y" at sites 212 and 476 appeared in the majority of B. licheniformis studied strains. SNP type "R" at site 278 was detected in many strains of the B. subtilis/Bacillus amyloliquefaciens group, while polymorphism "Y" at site 173 was characteristic of the majority of strains of B. cereus/Bacillus thuringiensis group. The analysis of SNPs provided more intra-specific information than phylogenetic analysis in the cases of B. cereus and B. subtilis. Moreover, this study describes novel SNPs that should be considered when designing 16S rRNA-based primers and probes for multiplex-PCR, Real-Time PCR and microarray systems for foodborne Bacillus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Fernández-No
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, School of Veterinary Sciences/College of Biotechnology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Carballo Calero s/n, Campus Lugo, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - K Böhme
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, School of Veterinary Sciences/College of Biotechnology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Carballo Calero s/n, Campus Lugo, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - S Caamaño-Antelo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, School of Veterinary Sciences/College of Biotechnology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Carballo Calero s/n, Campus Lugo, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - J Barros-Velázquez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, School of Veterinary Sciences/College of Biotechnology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Carballo Calero s/n, Campus Lugo, E-27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - P Calo-Mata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, School of Veterinary Sciences/College of Biotechnology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Carballo Calero s/n, Campus Lugo, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
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42
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Branquinho R, Sousa C, Lopes J, Pintado ME, Peixe LV, Osório H. Differentiation of Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus safensis using MALDI-TOF-MS. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110127. [PMID: 25314655 PMCID: PMC4196992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) despite being increasingly used as a method for microbial identification, still present limitations in which concerns the differentiation of closely related species. Bacillus pumillus and Bacillus safensis, are species of biotechnological and pharmaceutical significance, difficult to differentiate by conventional methodologies. In this study, using a well-characterized collection of B. pumillus and B. safensis isolates, we demonstrated the suitability of MALDI-TOF-MS combined with chemometrics to accurately and rapidly identify them. Moreover, characteristic species-specific ion masses were tentatively assigned, using UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB/TrEMBL databases and primary literature. Delineation of B. pumilus (ions at m/z 5271 and 6122) and B. safensis (ions at m/z 5288, 5568 and 6413) species were supported by a congruent characteristic protein pattern. Moreover, using a chemometric approach, the score plot created by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA) of mass spectra demonstrated the presence of two individualized clusters, each one enclosing isolates belonging to a species-specific spectral group. The generated pool of species-specific proteins comprised mostly ribosomal and SASPs proteins. Therefore, in B. pumilus the specific ion at m/z 5271 was associated with a small acid-soluble spore protein (SASP O) or with 50S protein L35, whereas in B. safensis specific ions at m/z 5288 and 5568 were associated with SASP J and P, respectively, and an ion at m/z 6413 with 50S protein L32. Thus, the resulting unique protein profile combined with chemometric analysis, proved to be valuable tools for B. pumilus and B. safensis discrimination, allowing their reliable, reproducible and rapid identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Branquinho
- REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clara Sousa
- REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CEB, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - João Lopes
- REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CBQF, Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela E. Pintado
- Departmento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa V. Peixe
- REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- IPATIMUP, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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43
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Branquinho R, Meirinhos-Soares L, Carriço JA, Pintado M, Peixe LV. Phylogenetic and clonality analysis of Bacillus pumilus isolates uncovered a highly heterogeneous population of different closely related species and clones. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 90:689-98. [PMID: 25230950 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus pumilus is a Gram-positive bacterium with a wide range of attributed applications, namely as a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), animal, and human probiotic. However, a rare putative role in human diseases has been reported, namely in food poisoning or as anthrax-like cutaneous infectious agent. This species is difficult to distinguish from its closely related species on the basis of phenotypic or biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequences. In this study, the phylogenetic analysis of gyrB and rpoB gene sequences of a collection of isolates previously identified as B. pumilus, assigned most of them (93%, 38 of 41 isolates) to B. safensis or to the new recently described B. invictae. Moreover, we extended the previously reported recognized habitats of these species and unveiled a human health or biotechnological relevance (e.g. as implicated in food poisoning or PGPR) for them. Additionally, we demonstrated that both B. safensis and B. invictae species encompass a clonally diverse population, which can justify their great adaptation ability to different niches, with evidence of clonal-host specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Branquinho
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, REQUIMTE, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Handtke S, Volland S, Methling K, Albrecht D, Becher D, Nehls J, Bongaerts J, Maurer KH, Lalk M, Liesegang H, Voigt B, Daniel R, Hecker M. Cell physiology of the biotechnological relevant bacterium Bacillus pumilus-an omics-based approach. J Biotechnol 2014; 192 Pt A:204-14. [PMID: 25281541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Members of the species Bacillus pumilus get more and more in focus of the biotechnological industry as potential new production strains. Based on exoproteome analysis, B. pumilus strain Jo2, possessing a high secretion capability, was chosen for an omics-based investigation. The proteome and metabolome of B. pumilus cells growing either in minimal or complex medium was analyzed. In total, 1542 proteins were identified in growing B. pumilus cells, among them 1182 cytosolic proteins, 297 membrane and lipoproteins and 63 secreted proteins. This accounts for about 43% of the 3616 proteins encoded in the B. pumilus Jo2 genome sequence. By using GC-MS, IP-LC/MS and H NMR methods numerous metabolites were analyzed and assigned to reconstructed metabolic pathways. In the genome sequence a functional secretion system including the components of the Sec- and Tat-secretion machinery was found. Analysis of the exoproteome revealed secretion of about 70 proteins with predicted secretion signals. In addition, selected production-relevant genome features such as restriction modification systems and NRPS clusters of B. pumilus Jo2 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Handtke
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Sonja Volland
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Karen Methling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Dirk Albrecht
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Jenny Nehls
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Johannes Bongaerts
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmannstr. 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany.
| | | | - Michael Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Heiko Liesegang
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Birgit Voigt
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Michael Hecker
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
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45
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Guidance on the assessment of the toxigenic potential of Bacillus species used in animal nutrition. EFSA J 2014. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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46
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Barylski J, Nowicki G, Goździcka-Józefiak A. The discovery of phiAGATE, a novel phage infecting Bacillus pumilus, leads to new insights into the phylogeny of the subfamily Spounavirinae. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86632. [PMID: 24466180 PMCID: PMC3900605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bacillus phage phiAGATE is a novel myovirus isolated from the waters of Lake Góreckie (a eutrophic lake in western Poland). The bacteriophage infects Bacillus pumilus, a bacterium commonly observed in the mentioned reservoir. Analysis of the phiAGATE genome (149844 base pairs) resulted in 204 predicted protein-coding sequences (CDSs), of which 53 could be functionally annotated. Further investigation revealed that the bacteriophage is a member of a previously undescribed cluster of phages (for the purposes of this study we refer to it as "Bastille group") within the Spounavirinae subfamily. Here we demonstrate that these viruses constitute a distinct branch of the Spounavirinae phylogenetic tree, with limited similarity to phages from the Twortlikevirus and Spounalikevirus genera. The classification of phages from the Bastille group into any currently accepted genus proved extremely difficult, prompting concerns about the validity of the present taxonomic arrangement of the subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Barylski
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nowicki
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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47
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Abstract
Bacillus pumilus is primarily used in the agricultural industry to promote plant growth and provide resistance to bacterial and fungal plant diseases. It has recently, however, been shown to cause disease in humans. Here, we announce the complete genome of B. pumilus phage Riggi.
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48
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Abstract
Phage Blastoid is a siphophage that infects Bacillus pumilus. B. pumilus is widely used in agriculture but has recently been linked to cases of food poisoning. Here, we report the complete genome of Blastoid and discuss unique genomic characteristics.
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49
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Abstract
Bacillus pumilus is a Gram-positive bacterium widely used in agriculture both as an antifungal and as a growth-promoting symbiont. B. pumilus is rarely infectious but has recently been shown to infect humans. Here, we present the complete genome of B. pumilus phage Glittering, a potential biocontrol agent for B. pumilus.
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50
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Lücking G, Stoeckel M, Atamer Z, Hinrichs J, Ehling-Schulz M. Characterization of aerobic spore-forming bacteria associated with industrial dairy processing environments and product spoilage. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 166:270-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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