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Al-Gallas N, Fadel ME, Altammar KA, Awadi Y, Aissa RB. Pathovars, occurrence, and characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in diarrheal Escherichia coli isolated from farmers and farmed chickens in Tunisia and Nigeria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae043. [PMID: 38653718 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The poultry industry is a very important agricultural and industrial sector in Tunisia and Nigeria, with little information about occurrence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in the farmers and chickens. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of diarrheal E. coli in humans and poultry and to investigate plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in both countries. Seventy-four isolates of E. coli were studied; nine different virulence genes were screened by PCR. Serotyping was performed only for pathotypes as well as the determining of antibiotic resistance profiles against 21 antibiotics. PMQR genes were investigated by PCR. EAEC was the most abundant pathotype (37/74; 50%) in human and chicken isolates, whereas single EHEC and EPEC (1/74, 1.35%) pathotypes were detected in Tunisia and Nigeria, respectively. About 17 (45.95%) quinolones/fluoroquinolones-resistant isolates were detected, from which the following PMQR genes were detected: aac(6')-Ib-cr (8/17, 47.05%), qepA (6/17, 35.29%), qnrA + qnrB (2/17, 11.76%), and qnrS gene (1/17, 5.88%). Our findings highlight high occurrence of EAEC pathotype in Tunisia and Nigeria, more frequent than EPEC and EHEC. Additionally, all E. coli pathotypes isolated from different sources (humans, poultry) showed resistance to several antibiotics, which are in use as therapeutic choices in Tunisia and Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazek Al-Gallas
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Water and Food Control Lab, National Center of Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio-Enteropathogens-Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT) Tunis-Belvédère, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed-Elamen Fadel
- Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Sebha, Sebha 19631, Libya
| | - Khadijah A Altammar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmin Awadi
- Water and Food Control Lab, National Center of Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio-Enteropathogens-Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT) Tunis-Belvédère, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Ben Aissa
- Water and Food Control Lab, National Center of Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio-Enteropathogens-Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT) Tunis-Belvédère, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
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Blanco-Lizarazo CM, Sierra-Cadavid A. Prevalence of Escherichia coli generic and pathogenic in pork meat: systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:247. [PMID: 37428340 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03687-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to analyze scientific information regarding the prevalence of generic and pathogenic E. coli in the production and supply chain of pork meat, considering different types of samples, places of sampling, and pathotypes using a systematic review and meta-analysis tools. The meta-analysis for the prevalence of generic and pathogenic E. coli was conducted by estimating the effects within subgroups. Data subsets were analyzed using the DerSimonian-Laird method for binary random effects. The average prevalence of generic E. coli in different types of pork meat samples was determined to be 35.6% (95% CI 19.3-51.8), with no significant differences observed between pork meat and carcasses. Conversely, the average prevalence of E. coli pathotypes in samples related to the supply chain of pork meat was found to be 4.7% (95% CI 3.7-5.7). In conclusion, these findings suggest the possibility of establishing an objective threshold for E. coli prevalence as a benchmark for comparison within the meat industry. By utilizing this data, it becomes possible to propose a standardized limit that can serve as a reference point for evaluating and improving processes in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla María Blanco-Lizarazo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Cárnico CI+D, Industria de Alimentos Zenú, Carrera 64 C # 104-03, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Andrea Sierra-Cadavid
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Cárnico CI+D, Industria de Alimentos Zenú, Carrera 64 C # 104-03, Medellín, Colombia
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Kavinesan K, Sugumar G, Chrisolite B, Muthiahsethupathy A, Sudarshan S, Parthiban F, Mansoor M. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of pathogenic Escherichia coli identified in resistance mapping of β-lactam drug-resistant isolates from seafood along Tuticorin coast. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68111-68128. [PMID: 37120498 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of pathogenic E. coli isolate possessing antimicrobial resistance was investigated in seafood samples procured from major seafood supply chain markets established for export and domestic consumption along Tuticorin coast. Out of 63 seafood samples examined, 29 (46%) were found to be contaminated by pathogenic E. coli harbouring one or more genes of virulent potential. Based on virulome profiling, 9.55% of isolates belonged to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), 8.08% to enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), 7.35% to enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), 2.20% to enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and 2.20% to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). All the 34 virulome positive and haemolytic pathogenic E. coli have been serogrouped as O119, O76, O18, O134, O149, O120, O114, O25, O55, O127, O6, O78, O83, O17 and clinically significant O111, O121, O84, O26, O103, and O104 (non-O157 STEC) serotypes in this study. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) (≥ 3 antibiotic classes/sub-classes) was exhibited in 38.23% of the pathogenic E. coli, and 17.64% were extensive drug resistant (XDR). Extended spectrum of β-lactamase (ESBL) genotypes were confirmed in 32.35% isolates and 20.63% isolates harboured ampC gene. One sample (Penaeus semisulcatus) collected from landing centre (L1) harboured all ESBL genotypes blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and ampC genes. Hierarchical clustering of isolates revealed the separation of ESBL isolates into three clusters and non-ESBL isolates into three clusters based on phenotypic and genotypic variations. Based on dendrogram analysis on antibiotic efficacy pattern, carbapenems and β-lactam inhibitor drugs are the best available treatment for ESBL and non-ESBL infections. This study emphasizes the significance of comprehensive surveillance of pathogenic E. coli serogroups that pose serious threat to public health and compliance of AMR antimicrobial resistant genes in seafood that hinder seafood supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Kavinesan
- TNJFU-Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India, 628 008
| | - Gopalrajan Sugumar
- Tamil Nadu Dr. J.Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, India, 611 002
| | - Bagthasingh Chrisolite
- TNJFU-Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India, 628 008.
| | | | - Shanmugam Sudarshan
- TNJFU-Dr.MGR Fisheries College and Research Institute, TNJFU, Thalainayeru, Tamil Nadu, India, 614712
| | - Fathiraja Parthiban
- TNJFU-Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India, 628 008
| | - Mohamed Mansoor
- TNJFU-Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India, 628 008
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Loest D, Uhland FC, Young KM, Li XZ, Mulvey MR, Reid-Smith R, Sherk LM, Carson CA. Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli from shrimp and salmon available for purchase by consumers in Canada: a risk profile using the Codex framework. Epidemiol Infect 2022; 150:e148. [PMID: 35968840 PMCID: PMC9386791 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268822001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to carbapenems in human pathogens is a growing clinical and public health concern. The carbapenems are in an antimicrobial class considered last-resort, they are used to treat human infections caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales, and they are classified by the World Health Organization as 'High Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials'. The presence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CREs) of animal-origin is of concern because targeted studies of Canadian retail seafood revealed the presence of carbapenem resistance in a small number of Enterobacterales isolates. To further investigate this issue, a risk profile was developed examining shrimp and salmon, the two most important seafood commodities consumed by Canadians and Escherichia coli, a member of the Enterobacterales order. Carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CREc) isolates have been identified in shrimp and other seafood products. Although carbapenem use in aquaculture has not been reported, several classes of antimicrobials are utilised globally and co-selection of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in an aquaculture setting is also of concern. CREs have been identified in retail seafood purchased in Canada and are currently thought to be uncommon. However, data concerning CRE or CREc occurrence and distribution in seafood are limited, and argue for implementation of ongoing or periodic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daleen Loest
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - F. Carl Uhland
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaitlin M. Young
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xian-Zhi Li
- Veterinary Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael R. Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard Reid-Smith
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren M. Sherk
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolee A. Carson
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Ramos CP, Kamei CYI, Viegas FM, de Melo Barbieri J, Cunha JLR, Hounmanou YMG, Coura FM, Santana JA, Lobato FCF, Bojesen AM, Silva ROS. Fecal Shedding of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates in Dogs Fed with Raw Meat-Based Diets in Brazil. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040534. [PMID: 35453285 PMCID: PMC9029118 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The practice of feeding dogs raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) is growing in several countries, and the risks associated with the ingestion of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in dogs fed these diets are largely unknown. We characterized E. coli strains isolated from dogs fed either an RMBD or a conventional dry feed, according to the phylogroup, virulence genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the bacteria. Two hundred and sixteen E. coli strains were isolated. Dogs fed RMBDs shed E. coli strains from the phylogroup E more frequently and were positive for the E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1-encoding gene. Isolates from RMBD-fed dogs were also frequently positive for multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Whole-genome sequencing of seven ESBL-producing E. coli strains revealed that they predominantly harbored blaCTX-M-55, and two strains were also positive for the colistin-resistant gene mcr-1. These results suggest that feeding an RMBD can affect the dog’s microbiota, change the frequency of certain phylogroups, and increase the shedding of diarrheagenic E. coli. Also, feeding an RMBD seemed to be linked with the fecal shedding of multidrug-resistant E. coli, including the spread of strains harboring mobilizable colistin resistance and ESBL genes. This finding is of concern for both animal and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pantuzza Ramos
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - Carolina Yumi Iceri Kamei
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - Flávia Mello Viegas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - Jonata de Melo Barbieri
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - João Luís Reis Cunha
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - Yaovi Mahuton Gildas Hounmanou
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Copenhagen, Denmark; (Y.M.G.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Fernanda Morcatti Coura
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais (IFMG), Bambuí 38900-000, Brazil;
| | - Jordana Almeida Santana
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Copenhagen, Denmark; (Y.M.G.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil; (C.P.R.); (C.Y.I.K.); (F.M.V.); (J.d.M.B.); (J.L.R.C.); (J.A.S.); (F.C.F.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Prakasan S, Lekshmi M, Ammini P, Balange AK, Nayak BB, Kumar SH. Occurrence, pathogroup distribution and virulence genotypes of Escherichia coli from fresh seafood. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Pakbin B, Allahyari S, Amani Z, Brück WM, Mahmoudi R, Peymani A. Prevalence, Phylogroups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolates from Food Products. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111291. [PMID: 34827229 PMCID: PMC8615174 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multi-drug resistant E. coli is an important matter of increasing considerable concern to global public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, antibiotic resistance pattern and phylogroups of E. coli isolates obtained from raw milk, vegetable salad and ground meat samples collected from Qazvin Province (Iran). Culture-based techniques, Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility testing and PCR assays were used to determine the incidence rate, antimicrobial resistance pattern and phylogenetic groups of the E. coli isolates. The E. coli isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin (79.1%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (62.5%), tetracycline (54.1%), chloramphenicol (54.1%), nitrofurantoin (54.1%), ampicillin (45.8%), streptomycin (45.8%), and kanamycin (33.3%); and completely susceptible to norfloxacin and azithromycin and 70.8% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. Most E. coli isolates (46%) belonged to phylogroup A. Novel, practical, efficient food safety control and surveillance systems of multi-drug resistant foodborne pathogens are required to control the foodborne pathogen contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pakbin
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran; (B.P.); (S.A.); (Z.A.); (A.P.)
- Institute for Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland Valais-Wallis, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Samaneh Allahyari
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran; (B.P.); (S.A.); (Z.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Zahra Amani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran; (B.P.); (S.A.); (Z.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Wolfram Manuel Brück
- Institute for Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland Valais-Wallis, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (W.M.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Razzagh Mahmoudi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran; (B.P.); (S.A.); (Z.A.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (W.M.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Amir Peymani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran; (B.P.); (S.A.); (Z.A.); (A.P.)
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Thuthikkadu Indhuprakash S, Karthikeyan M, Gopal G, Ambi SV, Sekaran S, Palaniappan B, Diraviyam T. Antibody therapy against antibiotic-resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli: a systematic review. Immunotherapy 2021; 13:1305-1320. [PMID: 34463122 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Over four billion episodes of diarrhea occur annually in developing countries with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) outbreaks also being reported, until now bacterial diarrhea is conventionally addressed by the antibiotic treatment regimes. In recent decades, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains has become a major obstacle in diarrheal treatment; hence, novel and ideal therapeutics are needed. Notably, 80% of DEC is resistant to first-class antibiotics. Among the existing strategies, passive immunization is considered as an alternative to combat drug-resistant bacteria. Antibodies specific to an antigen can be used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. In this review, we have systematically discussed the effect of passive immunotherapy to combat DEC and explored the types and advancements in antibodies used against antibiotic-resistant DEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srichandrasekar Thuthikkadu Indhuprakash
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukunthan Karthikeyan
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gayathri Gopal
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-77, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Palaniappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirumalai Diraviyam
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
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Adorján A, Thuma Á, Könyves L, Tóth I. First isolation of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli from geese (Anser anser domestica) and first description of atypical EPEC from turkeys and pigeons in Hungary. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:263. [PMID: 34353312 PMCID: PMC8340449 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02968-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli is a bacterial species widely distributed among mammals and avian species, and also a member of the normal intestinal microbiota. However, some E. coli strains of different pathotypes can cause disease in both humans and animals. Atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) can infect both animals and humans or influence the severity of other ongoing infections. Results In the present study, a total of 332 samples were collected from ducks, geese, turkeys, chickens, and pigeons from the Hungarian Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, two slaughterhouses, two pigeon keepers and one backyard chicken farm. E. coli was isolated and verified from 319 samples. The isolates were screened by PCR for diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes. Altogether seven atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) strains were identified: two from four-week-old dead turkeys, two from force-fed geese, and three from pigeons. No further pathotypes were identified in the collection. The atypical EPEC strains were classified phylogenetically to B1, B2, and F, and four out of the seven aEPEC isolates proved to be multidrug resistant. Serotypes of aEPEC strains were uniform collected from same farms and showed diversity between their origins with O76, O145, O109 serogroups. Conclusions This is the first report in the literature about aEPEC in goose (Anser anser domestica). Furthermore, this is the first isolation of aEPEC from turkeys and pigeons in Hungary. The uneven distribution of aEPEC in different age groups of poultry suggests that aEPEC disappears with growing up, but stress (e.g.: force-feeding) and concurrent diseases might promote its reappearance in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Adorján
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Thuma
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Könyves
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Mobile Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Tóth
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
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Priyanka, Meena PR, Meghwanshi KK, Rana A, Singh AP. Leafy greens as a potential source of multidrug-resistant diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2021; 167. [PMID: 34061018 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A continued rise in leafy green-linked outbreaks of disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli or Salmonella, particularly strains exhibiting multidrug resistance (MDR), has emerged as a major threat to human health and food safety worldwide. Thus, the present study was conducted to examine antimicrobial resistance, including MDR, in diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC) and Salmonella isolates obtained from leafy greens from rural and urban areas of India. Of the collected samples (830), 14.1 and 6.5% yielded 117 E. coli (40 DEC and 77 non-DEC) and 54 Salmonella isolates, respectively. Among the DEC pathotypes, enteroaggregative E. coli was the most prevalent (10.2 %), followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (9.4 %), enteroinvasive E. coli (7.6 %) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (6.8 %). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all bacterial isolates with respect to drugs categorized as critically or highly important in both human and veterinary medicine revealed moderate to high (30-90%) resistance for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, gentamycin and colistin, but relatively low resistance (>30 %) for ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and fosfomycin. Notably, all DEC and more than 90% non-DEC or Salmonella isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant to drugs of both human and animal importance. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that leafy greens are potential reservoirs or sources of multidrug-resistant DEC and Salmonella strains in the rural or urban areas of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prem Raj Meena
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
| | - Keshav Kumar Meghwanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anuj Rana
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, India
| | - Arvind Pratap Singh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
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Evangelista AG, Corrêa JAF, Pinto ACSM, Luciano FB. The impact of essential oils on antibiotic use in animal production regarding antimicrobial resistance - a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5267-5283. [PMID: 33554635 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1883548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Population growth directly affects the global food supply, demanding a higher production efficiency without farmland expansion - in view of limited land resources and biodiversity loss worldwide. In such scenario, intensive agriculture practices have been widely used. A commonly applied method to maximize yield in animal production is the use of subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics as growth promoters. Because of the strong antibiotic selection pressure generated, the intense use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) has been associated to the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Also, cross-resistance can occur, leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens and limiting treatment options in both human and animal health. Thereon, alternatives have been studied to replace AGP in animal production. Among such alternatives, essential oils and essential oil components (EOC) stand out positively from others due to, besides antimicrobial effectiveness, improving zootechnical indexes and modulating genes involved in resistance mechanisms. This review summarizes recent studies in essential oils and EOC for zoonotic bacteria control, providing detailed information about the molecular-level effects of their use in regard to AMR, and identifying important gaps to be filled within the animal production area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gonçalves Evangelista
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Prado Velho - Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jessica Audrey Feijó Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Prado Velho - Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Bittencourt Luciano
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Prado Velho - Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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12
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Adorján A, Makrai L, Mag T, Jánosi S, Könyves L, Tóth I. High Frequency of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) in Broilers in Hungary. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:511. [PMID: 32903588 PMCID: PMC7438536 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (EC) strains belong to several pathotypes capable of infecting both humans and animals. Some of them have zoonotic potential and can sporadically cause epidemic outbreaks. Our aim was to screen for the distribution of these pathotypes in broilers and their related products. Therefore, E. coli strains were isolated (n = 118) from poultry intestine (n = 57), carcass (n = 57), and wastewater (n = 4) samples from one slaughterhouse with own reared poultry source and the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) poultry E. coli collection (n = 170) from the year 2017 was also studied. All 288 E. coli strains were screened by PCR for pathotype-specific genes stx, eae, st-lt, aggR, ipaH, and for further EPEC-specific virulence genes (bfp, EAF, tir, perA, ler). Altogether 35 atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) strains from the slaughterhouse and 48 aEPEC strains from the NRL collection were found. Regarding the phylogenetic groups of aEPEC, all four main groups were represented but there was a shift toward the B2 group (25%) as compared with the non-EPEC isolates (3%). The aEPEC isolates belonged to serogroups O14, O108, and O45. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was abundant in aEPEC strains (80 out of 83 aEPEC) with a diverse resistance pattern (n = 56). Our results of this study indicate that the high frequency of aEPEC in broilers and on their carcass surface, with frequent MDR to several antibiotic groups, raises the possibility that these strains pose a zoonotic risk to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Adorján
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Makrai
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Mag
- National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Jánosi
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Könyves
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Mobile Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Tóth
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Agricultural Research Center, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Rapid identification of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli based on barcoded magnetic bead hybridization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Hu J, Xiao Y, Shao SA, Gu R, Shi QM, Liu ZH, Yin J. Construction and application of carbohydrate microarrays to detect foodborne bacteria. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:219-225. [PMID: 32245592 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria is vital for the prevention of outbreaks of infectious diseases, including infections by the common foodborne bacteria E.coli and Salmonella Carbohydrate microarrays have been developed as a powerful method to investigate carbohydrate-protein interaction with only very small amounts of glycans, which show great potential for detect the carbohydrate mediated interaction with pathogens. Here, different mannose-coated microarrays were constructed and tested with E.coli (K-12 and BL-21) and Salmonella enterica strains (ATCC9184 and ATCC31685) exhibiting different mannose binding affinities. The optimized carbohydrate microarray was then applied to test the binding of 12 Salmonella enterica and 9 E.coli isolates from local patients for the first time and showed strong binding with certain serovars or subtypes. The results showed that microarray probed with the single mannose structure is not enough for the detection of bacteria with various serovars or subtypes, which contain a high degree of allelic variation in adhesin. We suggest that a complex carbohydrate microarray containing different glycan conformation may be needed for detection of different bacteria isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Microbiology Laboratory, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shu-An Shao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qi-Min Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Hölzel CS, Tetens JL, Schwaiger K. Unraveling the Role of Vegetables in Spreading Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria: A Need for Quantitative Risk Assessment. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 15:671-688. [PMID: 30444697 PMCID: PMC6247988 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, vegetables gain consumer attraction due to their reputation of being healthy in combination with low energy density. However, since fresh produce is often eaten raw, it may also be a source for foodborne illness. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria might pose a particular risk to the consumer. Therefore, this review aims to present the current state of knowledge concerning the exposure of humans to antibiotic-resistant bacteria via food of plant origin for quantitative risk assessment purposes. The review provides a critical overview of available information on hazard identification and characterization, exposure assessment, and risk prevention with special respect to potential sources of contamination and infection chains. Several comprehensive studies are accessible regarding major antimicrobial-resistant foodborne pathogens (e.g., Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli) and other bacteria (e.g., further Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Gram-positive cocci). These studies revealed vegetables to be a potential—although rare—vector for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, mcr1-positive E. coli, colistin- and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, linezolid-resistant enterococci and staphylococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Even if this provides first clues for assessing the risk related to vegetable-borne antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, the literature research reveals important knowledge gaps affecting almost every part of risk assessment and management. Especially, the need for (comparable) quantitative data as well as data on possible contamination sources other than irrigation water, organic fertilizer, and soil becomes obvious. Most crucially, dose–response studies would be needed to convert a theoretical “risk” (e.g., related to antimicrobial-resistant commensals and opportunistic pathogens) into a quantitative risk estimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Susanne Hölzel
- 1 Animal Hygiene and Animal Health Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel (CAU) , Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Louisa Tetens
- 1 Animal Hygiene and Animal Health Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel (CAU) , Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin Schwaiger
- 2 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Food Safety, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU) , Munich, Germany
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Dubreuil JD. EAST1 toxin: An enigmatic molecule associated with sporadic episodes of diarrhea in humans and animals. J Microbiol 2019; 57:541-549. [PMID: 31016564 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
EAST1 is produced by a subset of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains. This toxin is a 38-amino acid peptide of 4100 Da. It shares 50% homology with the enterotoxic domain of STa and interacts with the same receptor. The mechanism of action of EAST1is proposed to be identical to that of STa eliciting a cGMP increase. EAST1 is associated with diarrheal disease in Man and various animal species including cattle and swine. Nevertheless, as EAST1-positive strains as well as culture supernatants did not provoke unequivocally diarrhea either in animal models or in human volunteers, the role of this toxin in disease is today still debated. This review intent is to examine the role of EAST1 toxin in diarrheal illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Daniel Dubreuil
- Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, J2S 2M2, Canada.
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17
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Paudyal N, Pan H, Liao X, Zhang X, Li X, Fang W, Yue M. A Meta-Analysis of Major Foodborne Pathogens in Chinese Food Commodities Between 2006 and 2016. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 15:187-197. [PMID: 29652195 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in food commodities in China have been reported in numerous publications over time. However, the results are scattered and varied. To calculate a robust point estimate with a higher statistical power, we applied meta-analytic approach for investigating the prevalence of common foodborne pathogens in major food items in China. Data, on prevalence of bacteria in various food commodities were extracted and analyzed from 361 (132 English and 229 Chinese) publications. Prevalence of eight most frequently reported pathogens on six broad food categories was used for pooled and subgroup meta-analysis by DerSimonian-Laird method in random-effects model. The estimated overall prevalence of pathogens in the foods was 8.5% (95% CI 8.2-8.7). The highest prevalence, irrespective of the pathogen type, was in the aquatic produce at 12.8% (12.0-13.5), while the least was in the vegetables at 3.0% (2.6-3.4). Among the pathogens, the most prevalent was Vibrio at 21.3% (19.6-23.1), whereas the least was pathogenic Escherichia coli at 4.3% (3.3-5.2). The major food pathogens in Chinese foods in decreasing order of prevalence were Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Campylobacter, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Enterobacter, Listeria monocytogenes, and pathogenic E. coli. Presence of these organisms in foods equates the risk of microbiological food safety in China with other developed countries rather than the developing countries. This justifies the need of novel perspectives for formulating policies on microbiological food safety and risk mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Paudyal
- 1 Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Pan
- 1 Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiayi Liao
- 1 Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- 2 College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- 1 Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihuan Fang
- 1 Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China .,2 College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yue
- 1 Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Guo S, Tay MY, Aung KT, Seow KL, Ng LC, Purbojati RW, Drautz-Moses DI, Schuster SC, Schlundt J. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from ready-to-eat food in Singapore using disk diffusion, broth microdilution and whole genome sequencing methods. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Host Range-Associated Clustering Based on Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis, Phylotypes, and Virulence Genes of Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02796-18. [PMID: 30658974 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02796-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) strains (36 Japanese and 50 Bangladeshi) obtained from 649 poultry fecal samples were analyzed by molecular epidemiological methods. Clermont's phylogenetic typing showed that group A was more prevalent (58%, 50/86) than B1 (31%, 27/86). Intimin type β1, which is prevalent among human diarrheal patients, was predominant in both phylogroups B1 (81%, 22/27) and A (70%, 35/50). However, about 95% of B1-β1 strains belonged to virulence group I, and 77% of them were Japanese strains, while 17% (6/35) of A-β1 strains did. Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) distributed the strains into 52 distinct profiles, with Simpson's index of diversity (D) at 73%. When the data were combined with those of 142 previous strains from different sources, the minimum spanning tree formed five zones for porcine strains, poultry strains (excluding B1-β1), strains from healthy humans, bovine and human patient strains, and the B1-β1 poultry strains. Antimicrobial resistance to nalidixic acid was most common (74%) among the isolates. Sixty-eight percent of them demonstrated resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial agents, and most of them (91%) were from Bangladesh. The strains were assigned into two groups by hierarchical clustering. Correlation matrix analysis revealed that the virulence genes were negatively associated with antimicrobial resistance. The present study suggested that poultry, particularly Japanese poultry, could be another reservoir of aEPEC (phylogroup B1, virulence group I, and intimin type β1); however, poultry strains seem to be apart from patient strains that were closer to bovine strains. Bangladeshi aEPEC may be less virulent for humans but more resistant to antibiotics.IMPORTANCE Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) is a diarrheagenic type of E. coli, as it possesses the intimin gene (eae) for attachment and effacement on epithelium. Since aEPEC is ubiquitous even in developed countries, we previously used molecular epidemiological methods to discriminate aEPEC as a human pathogen. The present study assessed poultry as another source of human diarrheagenic aEPEC. Poultry could be the source of aEPEC (phylogroup B1, virulence group I, and intimin type β1) found among patient strains in Japan. However, the minimum spanning tree (MST) suggested that the strains from Japanese poultry were far from Japanese patient strains compared with the distance between bovine and patient strains. Bangladeshi avian strains seemed to be less diarrheagenic but are hazardous as a source of drug resistance genes.
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Butia odorata Barb. Rodr. extract inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli in sliced mozzarella cheese. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 56:1663-1668. [PMID: 30956348 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03686-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to verify the occurrence of Escherichia coli in sliced mozzarella cheese marketed in Pelotas city, Brazil and perform the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the isolates. Besides that, evaluate the susceptibility of E. coli to Butia odorata extract, characterize it chemically, and apply the extract in sliced mozzarella cheese contaminated experimentally with E. coli. Escherichia coli was isolated in 5% (4/80) of cheese samples, but no gene used as marker for E. coli O157:H7 or virulence genes were detected. The isolates were susceptible to B. odorata extract (MIC 15 mg mL-1 and MBC 29-58 mg mL-1), and the major compounds present in the extract were Z-10-Pentadecenol (80.1%) and Palmitic acid (19.4%). In cheese, after 72 h there was a significant difference between control (2.8 log CFU cm-2) and treated samples with MIC, 2 × MIC, 4 × MIC and 8 × MIC (1.3, 1.4, 1.6 and 0.5 log CFU cm-2, respectively). The isolation of E. coli in cheese indicates fecal contamination and poor hygienic practices. Butia odorata extract showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli both in vitro and in situ, indicating that it can be a good alternative for inhibiting the growth of this microorganism in sliced cheese.
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Kim HJ, Oh T, Baek SY. Multidrug Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence of Escherichia coli Isolates from Commercial Meat and Vegetable Products. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:782-789. [PMID: 30183351 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is an important food safety and public health concern because of its pathogenicity and potential for antimicrobial resistance. E. coli isolates as food contaminants and their antimicrobial resistance, biofilm-forming ability, and virulence genes were analyzed to identify the potential of E. coli in food as a major transmission route for antimicrobial resistance and infectious agents. Among the 709 samples of minced meat and fresh vegetable products tested, 18.6% were positive for E. coli. One hundred nine (29.2%) out of 383 E. coli isolates were resistant to 1 or more of the 25 tested antimicrobials. Among the isolates from minced pork, the highest rate of resistance was observed for tetracycline (52.8%), followed by ampicillin (41.6%). The highest resistance rates against tetracycline were coincident with the high amount of tetracycline sold for veterinary use. Because penicillin is the most frequently used antimicrobial in humans, with 4.52 defined daily doses per 1000 people per day, the high rate of resistance to ampicillin (41.6%) supported the potential risk of E. coli food contaminants. However, only 1.3% of the isolates possessed the virulence genes commonly involved in foodborne outbreaks of E. coli. Sixty-seven isolates (17.5%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and the highest MDR was observed against 14 antimicrobials. Most of the MDR E. coli isolates showed biofilm-forming ability. Therefore, these isolates will have additional protection from environmental stresses, including antimicrobials. Given the importance of E. coli to food safety and public health, our results on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors provide useful information for risk management options to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- 1 Research Group of Consumer Safety, Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Korea
- 2 Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology , Daejeon Korea
| | - Taeyoung Oh
- 1 Research Group of Consumer Safety, Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Korea
| | - Seung-Youb Baek
- 1 Research Group of Consumer Safety, Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Korea
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22
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Distribution of genes encoding virulence factors and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) of entero-aggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) isolated in Iran from patients with diarrhoea. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:1334-1339. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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