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Cossi MVC, Polveiro RC, Yamatogi RS, Camargo AC, Nero LA. Multi-locus sequence typing, antimicrobials resistance and virulence profiles of Salmonella enterica isolated from bovine carcasses in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1773-1781. [PMID: 38702536 PMCID: PMC11153481 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles and determine the sequence type (ST) by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of Salmonella enterica isolates from bovine carcasses from slaughterhouse located in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and its relationship with bovine isolates obtained on the American continent based on sequence type profile. The MLST results were compared with all Salmonella STs associated with cattle on American continent, and a multi-locus sequence tree (MS tree) was built. Among the 17 S. enterica isolates, five ST profiles identified, and ST10 were the most frequent, grouping seven (41.2%) isolates. The isolates presented 11 different profiles of virulence genes, and six different antibiotics resistance profiles. The survey on Enterobase platform showed 333 Salmonella STs from American continent, grouped into four different clusters. Most of the isolates in the present study (13/17), were concentrated in a single cluster (L4) composed by 74 STs. As a conclusion, five different STs were identified, with ST10 being the most common. The isolates showed great diversity of virulence genes and antibiotics resistance profiles. Most of the isolates of this study were grouped into a single cluster composed by 74 STs formed by bovine isolates obtained on the American continent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Costa Polveiro
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Seiti Yamatogi
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Anderson Carlos Camargo
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Luís Augusto Nero
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
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Saechue B, Atwill ER, Jeamsripong S. Occurrence and molecular characteristics of antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolated from the retail produce commodities in Bangkok, Thailand. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26811. [PMID: 38444485 PMCID: PMC10912461 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment is often overlooked and leads to serious health threats under the One Health paradigm. Infection with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in humans and animals has been widely examined, with the mode of transmission routes such as food, water, and contact with a contaminated environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence and molecular characteristics of resistant Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) (n = 59) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) (n = 392) isolated from produce commodities collected from fresh markets and supermarkets in Bangkok, Thailand. In this study, the S. enterica isolates exhibited the highest prevalence of resistance to tetracycline (11.9%) and streptomycin (8.5%), while the E. coli isolates were predominantly resistant to tetracycline (22.5%), ampicillin (21.4%), and sulfamethoxazole (11.5%). Among isolates of S. enterica (6.8%) and E. coli (15.3%) were determined as multidrug resistant (MDR). The prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates was 5.1% and 1.0% in S. enterica and E. coli, respectively. A minority of S. enterica isolates, where a single isolate exclusively carried blaCTX-M-55 (n = 1), and another isolate harbored both blaCTX-M-55 and blaTEM-1 (n = 1); similarly, a minority of E. coli isolates contained blaCTX-M-55 (n = 2) and blaCTX-M-15 (n = 1). QnrS (11.9%) and blaTEM (20.2%) were the most common resistant genes found in S. enterica and E. coli, respectively. Nine isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin contained point mutations in gyrA and parC. In addition, the odds of resistance to tetracycline among isolates of S. enterica were positively associated with the co-occurrence of ampicillin resistance and the presence of tetB (P = 0.001), while the E. coli isolates were positively associated with ampicillin resistance, streptomycin resistance, and the presence of tetA (P < 0.0001) in this study. In summary, these findings demonstrate that fresh vegetables and fruits, such as cucumbers and tomatoes, can serve as an important source of foodborne AMR S. enterica and E. coli in the greater Bangkok area, especially given the popularity of these fresh commodities in Thai cuisine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Saechue
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Edward R. Atwill
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Saharuetai Jeamsripong
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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3
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Qu Y, Bai Y, Liu Y, Zhou C, Zhou X, Zhang D, Shi C, Suo Y. SSEL
, a selective enrichment broth for simultaneous growth of
Salmonella enterica
,
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Escherichia coli
O157
:
H7
, and
Listeria monocytogenes. J Food Saf 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qu
- Institute of Agro‐food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Yalong Bai
- Institute of Agro‐food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Wyndmoor Pennsylvania USA
| | - Changyan Zhou
- Institute of Agro‐food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Xiujuan Zhou
- MOST‐USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture & Biology, State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Donglai Zhang
- Institute of Agro‐food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Chunlei Shi
- MOST‐USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture & Biology, State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Yujuan Suo
- Institute of Agro‐food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
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Manafi L, Aliakbarlu J, Dastmalchi Saei H. Antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation ability of Salmonella serotypes isolated from beef, mutton, and meat contact surfaces at retail. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2516-2522. [PMID: 32671849 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Salmonella isolates recovered from meat (beef and mutton) and meat contact surfaces at retail were investigated to determine their serotype, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation ability. Salmonella was found in 29 (24.17%) samples out of 120 samples including 14/50 (28%) of beef, 10/40 (25%) of mutton, and 5/30 (16.67%) of meat contact surfaces. Seven isolates were identified as S. Enteritidis, three as S. Typhimurium, and two as S. Typhi, while the rest of the isolates were considered as other Salmonella spp. All of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent and 48.27% of them were identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella. All (100%) of meat contact surfaces isolates, 42.8% of beef isolates, and 30% of mutton isolates were found to be MDR Salmonella. Resistance to nalidixic acid (100%), tetracycline (79.3%), and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (44.8%) were observed. The gyrA gene was detected in 19 of 29 isolates, but tetA was found in one isolate. All of the serotypes were able to form biofilm (75.86 % moderate and 24.14 % strong) and S. Enteritidis was the strongest biofilm producer. The findings indicated that the majority of Salmonella isolates in this study were MDR and biofilm producer. Then, safety measures such as cleaning and disinfection must be taken to control Salmonella and promote public health. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The present study provides useful information on the prevalence of Salmonella serotypes in meat and meat contact surfaces and their antibiotic resistance patterns as well as biofilm formation capacities. Improving hygiene practices in livestock, slaughterhouses, and at retails may reduce the risk of meat contamination to Salmonella. Meanwhile, high levels of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolates emphasized on the improper use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Manafi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Javad Aliakbarlu
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Habib Dastmalchi Saei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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A decision support system for multi-target disease diagnosis: A bioinformatics approach. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03657. [PMID: 32258494 PMCID: PMC7113440 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria and typhoid fever are revered for their ability to individually or jointly cause high mortality rate. Both malaria and typhoid fever have similar symptoms and are famous for their co-existence in the human body, hence, causes problem of under-diagnosis when doctors tries to determine the exact disease out of the two diseases. This paper proposes a Bioinformatics Based Decision Support System (BBDSS) for malaria, typhoid and malaria typhoid diagnosis. The system is a hybrid of expert system and global alignment with constant penalty. The architecture of the proposed system takes input diagnosis sequence and benchmark diagnosis sequences through the browser, store these diagnosis sequences in the Knowledge base and set up the IF-THEN rules guiding the diagnosis decisions for malaria, typhoid and malaria typhoid respectively. The matching engine component of the system receives as input the input sequence and applies global alignment technique with constant penalty for the matching between the input sequence and the three benchmark sequences in turns. The global alignment technique with constant penalty applies its pre-defined process to generate optimal alignment and determine the disease condition of the patient through alignment scores comparison for the three benchmark diagnosis sequences. In order to evaluate the proposed system, ANOVA was used to compare the means of the three independent groups (malaria, typhoid and malaria typhoid) to determine whether there is statistical evidence that the associated values on the diagnosis variables means are significantly different. The ANOVA results indicated that the mean of the values on diagnosis variables is significantly different for at least one of the disease status groups. Similarly, multiple comparisons tests was further used to explicitly identify which means were different from one another. The multiple comparisons results showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the values on the diagnosis variables to diagnose the disease conditions between the groups of malaria and malaria typhoid. Conversely, there were no differences between the groups of malaria and typhoid fever as well as between the groups of typhoid fever and malaria typhoid. In order to show mean difference in the diagnosis scores between the orthodox and the proposed diagnosis system, t-test statistics was used. The results of the t-test statistics indicates that the mean values of diagnosis from the orthodox system differ from those of the proposed system. Finally, the evaluation of the proposed diagnosis system is most efficient at providing diagnosis for malaria and malaria typhoid at 97% accuracy.
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Gupta SK, Sharma P, McMillan EA, Jackson CR, Hiott LM, Woodley T, Humayoun SB, Barrett JB, Frye JG, McClelland M. Genomic comparison of diverse Salmonella serovars isolated from swine. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224518. [PMID: 31675365 PMCID: PMC6824618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Food animals act as a reservoir for many foodborne pathogens. Salmonella enterica is one of the leading pathogens that cause food borne illness in a broad host range including animals and humans. They can also be associated with a single host species or a subset of hosts, due to genetic factors associated with colonization and infection. Adult swine are often asymptomatic carriers of a broad range of Salmonella servoars and can act as an important reservoir of infections for humans. In order to understand the genetic variations among different Salmonella serovars, Whole Genome Sequences (WGS) of fourteen Salmonella serovars from swine products were analyzed. More than 75% of the genes were part of the core genome in each isolate and the higher fraction of gene assign to different functional categories in dispensable genes indicated that these genes acquired for better adaptability and diversity. High concordance (97%) was detected between phenotypically confirmed antibiotic resistances and identified antibiotic resistance genes from WGS. The resistance determinants were mainly located on mobile genetic elements (MGE) on plasmids or integrated into the chromosome. Most of known and putative virulence genes were part of the core genome, but a small fraction were detected on MGE. Predicted integrated phage were highly diverse and many harbored virulence, metal resistance, or antibiotic resistance genes. CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) patterns revealed the common ancestry or infection history among Salmonella serovars. Overall genomic analysis revealed a great deal of diversity among Salmonella serovars due to acquired genes that enable them to thrive and survive during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushim K. Gupta
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. McMillan
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Charlene R. Jackson
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Lari M. Hiott
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Tiffanie Woodley
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Shaheen B. Humayoun
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - John B. Barrett
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan G. Frye
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael McClelland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
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7
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Sivasankar C, Jha NK, Ghosh R, Shetty PH. Anti quorum sensing and anti virulence activity of tannic acid and it's potential to breach resistance in Salmonella enterica Typhi / Paratyphi A clinical isolates. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103813. [PMID: 31654777 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica Typhi and Paratyphi A are food borne pathogens causing typhoid, which is one of the most important food borne disease in the developing world. S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A are of much concern as multi drug resistance has been on the rise. The current study is aimed to screen phytochemicals for anti quorum sensing (QS) activity against S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A. Upon screening with swarming assay, tannic acid (TA) showed highest anti-QS activity with minimal concentration of 400μg/ml. The anti-QS activity of TA was confirmed with C. violaceum ATCC 12,472. TA showed 38-43% and 35-50% of inhibition in cell surface hydrophobicity and EPS production respectively. Through FTIR analysis, it has been observed that EPS of treated cells has a considerable change in protein and peptide. TA has also exhibited drastic reduction in the surfactant production as high as 85-90%. Blood sensitivity and antibiotic sensitivity assay revealed that TA significantly sensitizes the S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A cells to immune components in human blood and antibiotics. It has reduced the resistance of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A cells against amikacin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol and gentamycin, thus revitalized the usage of these antibiotics against drug resistant S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A infections. The consistency of anti-QS potential of TA was further evaluated and established with another eight clinical isolates of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A. Thus TA has been proved as a promising anti QS agent that can be developed as a therapeutic combination against S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandran Sivasankar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Nisha Kumari Jha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Ruchira Ghosh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
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8
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Pu C, Yu Y, Diao J, Gong X, Li J, Sun Y. Exploring the persistence and spreading of antibiotic resistance from manure to biocompost, soils and vegetables. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:262-269. [PMID: 31229823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The main avenue in which antibiotic resistance enters soils is through the application of livestock manure. However, whether antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) persist and spread to vegetables with the application of manure and manure products is still unclear. This study assessed seven kinds of cultured ARB, 221 ARGs subtypes and three transposon genes in the vegetable production chain (from manure to biocompost, soils and vegetables). Results showed that at least 80% of ARB, ARGs and transposon genes were removed after aerobic composting. However, aerobic composting did not reduce the diversity of ARGs in pig and chicken manure. A total of 19 ARGs subtypes still persisted during aerobic composting. Compared to the temperature-thermophilic stage, the number of bacteria resistant to erythromycin, the relative abundance of ARGs and IS613 increased 1.7-4.9 times at the temperature-decreasing stage. Direct application of biocompost introduced 11 ARGs subtypes to pakchoi, but these ARGs did not present in biocompost-amended soil. A transposon gene tnpA was also detected in the biocompost-amended soil, but surprisingly was found in the control vegetable. This demonstrated that the transposon gene is intrinsic in pakchoi. Bacterial community analysis and network analysis revealed that a specific genus Terrisporobacter carrying tetO, tetW ermB and tnpA persisted in the vegetable production chain, which may generate a potential risk in the following production. Our study illuminates the persistence and spreading of antibiotic resistance in the vegetable production chain which could help manage the ecological risks arising from antibiotic resistance in manure sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Pu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianxiong Diao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ji Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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