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Fenech M, Knasmueller S, Nersesyan A, Bolognesi C, Wultsch G, Schunck C, Volpi E, Bonassi S. The buccal micronucleus cytome assay: New horizons for its implementation in human studies. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 894:503724. [PMID: 38432772 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this report we provide a summary of the presentations and discussion of the latest knowledge regarding the buccal micronucleus (MN) cytome assay. This information was presented at the HUMN workshop held in Malaga, Spain, in connection with the 2023 European, Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics conference. The presentations covered the most salient topics relevant to the buccal MN cytome assay including (i) the biology of the buccal mucosa, (ii) its application in human studies relating to DNA damage caused by environmental exposure to genotoxins, (iii) the association of buccal MN with cancer and a wide range of reproductive, metabolic, immunological, neurodegenerative and other age-related diseases, (iv) the impact of nutrition and lifestyle on buccal MN cytome assay biomarkers; (v) its potential for application to studies of DNA damage in children and obesity, and (vi) the growing prospects of enhancing the clinical utility by automated scoring of the buccal MN cytome assay biomarkers by image recognition software developed using artificial intelligence. The most important knowledge gap is the need of prospective studies to test whether the buccal MN cytome assay biomarkers predict health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fenech
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia.
| | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Bolognesi
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Georg Wultsch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Emanuela Volpi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy.
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Investigations concerning the impact of consumption of hot beverages on acute cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in oral mucosa cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23014. [PMID: 34836993 PMCID: PMC8626505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of very hot beverages and foods increases the incidence of oral and esophageal cancer but the mechanisms are not known and the critical temperature is not well defined. We realized a study with exfoliated cells from the oral cavity of individuals (n = 73) that live in an area in Iran which has the highest incidence of EC worldwide. Consumption of beverages at very high temperatures is a characteristic feature of this population. We analyzed biomarkers which are (i) indicative for genetic instability (micronuclei that are formed as a consequence of chromosomal damage, nuclear buds which are a consequence of gene amplifications and binucleated cells which reflect mitotic disturbances), (ii) markers that reflect cytotoxic effects (condensed chromatin, karyorrhectic, karyolitic and pyknotic cells), (iii) furthermore, we determined the number of basal cells which is indicative for the regenerative capacity of the buccal mucosa. The impact of the drinking temperature on the frequencies of these parameters was monitored with thermometers. We found no evidence for induction of genetic damage but an increase of the cytotoxic effects with the temperature was evident. This effect was paralleled by an increase of the cell division rate of the mucosa which was observed when the temperature exceeded 60 °C. Our findings indicate that cancer in the upper digestive tract in drinkers of very hot beverages is not caused by damage of the genetic material but by an increase of the cell division rate as a consequence of cytotoxic effects which take place at temperatures over 60 °C. It is known from earlier experiments with rodents that increased cell divisions lead to tumor promotion in the esophagus. Our findings provide a mechanistic explanation and indicate that increased cancer risks can be expected when the drinking temperature of beverages exceeds 60 °C.
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Vital N, Antunes S, Louro H, Vaz F, Simões T, Penque D, Silva MJ. Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Occupational Settings: Effect and Susceptibility Biomarkers in Workers From Lisbon Restaurants and Bars. Front Public Health 2021; 9:674142. [PMID: 34150711 PMCID: PMC8213454 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.674142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been recognized as a major health hazard by environmental and public health authorities worldwide. In Portugal, smoke-free laws are in force for some years, banning smoking in most indoor public spaces. However, in hospitality venues such as restaurants and bars, owners can still choose between a total smoke-free policy or a partial smoking restriction with designated smoking areas, if adequate reinforced ventilation systems are implemented. Despite that, a previous study showed that workers remained continuously exposed to higher ETS pollution in Lisbon restaurants and bars where smoking was still allowed, comparatively to total smoke-free venues. This was assessed by measurements of indoor PM2.5 and urinary cotinine, a biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure, demonstrating that partial smoking restrictions do not effectively protect workers from ETS. The aim of the present work was to characterize effect and susceptibility biomarkers in non-smokers from those hospitality venues occupationally exposed to ETS comparatively to non-exposed ones. A group of smokers was also included for comparison. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronucleus (MN) and comet assays in whole peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the micronucleus assay in exfoliated buccal cells, were used as biomarkers of genotoxicity. Furthermore, a comet assay after ex vivo challenge of leukocytes with an alkylating agent, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), was used to analyze the repair capacity of those cells. Genetic polymorphisms in genes associated with metabolism and DNA repair were also included. The results showed no clear association between occupational exposure to ETS and the induction of genotoxicity. Interestingly, the leukocytes from non-smoking ETS-exposed individuals displayed lower DNA damage levels in response to the ex vivo EMS challenge, in comparison to those from non-exposed workers, suggesting a possible adaptive response. The contribution of individual susceptibility to the effect biomarkers studied was unclear, deserving further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Vital
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Antunes
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Henriqueta Louro
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fátima Vaz
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Simões
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Deborah Penque
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Silva
- Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Hopf NB, Bolognesi C, Danuser B, Wild P. Biological monitoring of workers exposed to carcinogens using the buccal micronucleus approach: A systematic review and meta-analysis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:11-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zhu C, Cakmak U, Sheikhnejad O, Cheng X, Zhang X, Xu Y, Gao S, Zhao H, Huo L, Major Z. One step synthesis of PANI/Fe 2O 3 nanocomposites and flexible film for enhanced NH 3 sensing performance at room temperature. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:255502. [PMID: 30769334 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab076e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel sea cucumber-shaped polyaniline/ferric oxide (PANI/Fe2O3) nanocomposites were synthesized using a simple and efficient one step hydrothermal process, and the nanocomposites were further assembled onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flexible substrate. Through the monitoring of the resistance of the PANI/Fe2O3 nanocomposites thick films and PANI/Fe2O3-PET flexible sensors, the responses of the sensors to various 100 ppm gases including methanol, triethylamine, aniline and another five gases were obtained. It was found that two kinds of sensors exhibit a high selectivity towards NH3. The PANI/Fe2O3 nanocomposites-based sensor has a good response and a low detection limit (0.3 ppm) at room temperature (20 ± 5 °C). It also shows a good linearity relationship in a certain concentration of NH3. After assembling into the PANI/Fe2O3-PET flexible film sensor, the response of the sensor is significantly increased to 6.12 for 100 ppm NH3, the detection limit is as low as 0.5 ppm, and the sensor shows good stability and linearity, which is more conducive to the application of such a material in wearable gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China
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Franco de Diana D, Segovia Abreu J, Castiglioni Serafini D, Ortíz JF, Samaniego MJ, Aranda AC, Zamorano-Ponce E. Increased genetic damage found in waste picker women in a landfill in Paraguay measured by comet assay and the micronucleus test. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 836:19-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wultsch G, Nersesyan A, Kundi M, Mišík M, Setayesh T, Waldherr M, Vodicka P, Vodickova L, Knasmüller S. Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects in Exfoliated Buccal and Nasal Cells of Chromium and Cobalt Exposed Electroplaters. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:651-660. [PMID: 28524814 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1286918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Results of a number of studies indicate that electroplaters have increased cancer risks as a consequence of exposure to genotoxic metals such as chromium (VI) and nickel. These effects may be due to induction of damage of the genetic material which plays a key role in the etiology of cancer, and it was found that workers in galvanization factories exhibited increased levels of DNA damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate genetic stability in workers of a bright plating factory who are exposed to chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co). Exfoliated cells were collected from the buccal and nasal mucosa of workers (n = 42) and matched controls (n = 43) and analyzed for induction of micronuclei (MN) which are formed as a consequence of chromosomal aberrations. In addition, other nuclear anomalies namely nuclear buds (Nbuds) which are formed as a consequence of gene amplification and markers indicating different stages of cell death (condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and pyknosis) were also assessed. No evidence was noted for induction of MN, but significantly increased rates of Nbuds in cells from both, buccal and nasal mucosa, were found. Parameters which are indicative for cytotoxic effects were more pronounced in nasal cells and rose with duration of employment period. Overall, our findings indicated that no apparent chromosomal damage occurred in bright electroplaters. However, data demonstrated that acute cytotoxic effects may lead to inflammations and/or lesions in epithelia of the respiratory tract of the workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Wultsch
- a Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- a Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- b Institute for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Miroslav Mišík
- a Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Tahereh Setayesh
- a Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Monika Waldherr
- a Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- c Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- c Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Siegfried Knasmüller
- a Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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Chen Z, Wang J, Umar A, Wang Y, Li H, Zhou G. Three-Dimensional Crumpled Graphene-Based Nanosheets with Ultrahigh NO 2 Gas Sensibility. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11819-11827. [PMID: 28299928 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that the structures dominate the properties. Inspired by the highly contorted and crumpled maxilloturbinate inside dog nose, herein an artificial nanostructure, i.e., 3D crumpled graphene-based nanosheets, is reported with the simple fabrication, detailed characterizations, and efficient gas-sensing applications. A facile supramolecular noncovalent assembly is introduced to modify graphene with functional molecules, followed with a lyophilization process to massively transform 2D plane graphene-based nanosheets to 3D crumpled structure. The detailed morphological characterizations reveal that the bioinspired nanosheets exhibit full consistency with maxilloturbinate. The fabricated 3D crumpled graphene-based sensors exhibit ultrahigh response (Ra/Rg = 3.8) toward 10 ppm of NO2, which is mainly attributed to the specific maxilloturbinate-mimic structure. The sensors also exhibit excellent selectivity and sensing linearity, reliable repeatability, and stability. Interestingly, it is observed that only 4 mg of graphene oxide (GO) raw materials can produce more than 1000 gas sensors, which provides a new insight for developing novel 3D biomimetic materials in large-scale gas sensor production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices, Najran University , Najran 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd. , Shenzhen 518110, P. R. China
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics , Shenzhen 518110, P. R. China
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Wultsch G, Nersesyan A, Kundi M, Wagner KH, Ferk F, Jakse R, Knasmueller S. Impact of exposure to wood dust on genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in exfoliated buccal and nasal cells. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:701-9. [PMID: 25958389 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood dust was classified by the IARC as a human carcinogen which causes sinonasal tumours. However, the exposure in different industries varies strongly and the risks of workers depend on the specific situation which can be assessed by the use of biomonitoring methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the workers who are exposed to low dust levels (below the permitted concentrations) with cytogenetic and biochemical methods. Micronuclei (MNi) which are indicative for genomic damage, nuclear buds which reflect gene amplification, binucleated cells which are caused by mitotic disturbances and acute cytotoxicity parameters (pyknosis, karyorrhexis, condensed chromatin, karyolysis) were monitored in buccal and nasal cells of workers of a veneer factory (n = 51) who are exposed to volatile wood-derived compounds, in carpenters of a furniture factory which use no synthetic chemicals (n=38) and in a control group (n = 65). Additionally, markers were measured in blood plasma which reflect inflammations (C-reactive protein, CRP) and the redox status, namely malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidised low density proteins (oxLDL). No induction of micronucleated cells was observed in both epithelia in the two exposure groups while all other nuclear anomalies except pyknosis were increased; also one health-related biochemical marker (MDA) was significantly elevated in the workers. Taken together, the results of our study show that exposure to low levels of wood dust does not cause formation of MNi indicating that the cancer risks of the workers are not increased as a consequence of genetic damage while positive results were obtained in earlier studies with workers who are exposed to high dust levels. However, our findings indicate that wood dust causes cytotoxic effects which may lead to inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Wultsch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Institute for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Private Clinics Leech, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Institute for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Private Clinics Leech, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Institute for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Institute for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Private Clinics Leech, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Institute for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Private Clinics Leech, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Khan AW, Nersesyan A, Knasmüller S, Moshammer H, Kundi M. Nuclear anomalies in exfoliated buccal cells in Pakistani cotton weavers. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:613-9. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mergener M, Rhoden CR, Amantéa SL. Nuclear abnormalities in cells from nasal epithelium: a promising assay to evaluate DNA damage related to air pollution in infants. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Nuclear abnormalities in cells from nasal epithelium: a promising assay to evaluate DNA damage related to air pollution in infants. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2014; 90:632-6. [PMID: 25046258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study intends to provide a quick, easy, and inexpensive way to assess nuclear abnormalities such as micronuclei and bud frequencies; binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, pycnotic, and condensed chromatin cells in nasal scrapings of infants, which are particularly important for conducting genotoxic studies related to the inhaled atmosphere in pediatric populations. METHODS Nasal swab samples were collected from 40 infants under 12 months of age using a small cytobrush. 2,000 cells from each infant sample were analyzed and classified according to the frequency of nuclear abnormalities. RESULTS Rates of nuclear abnormalities found agree with values reported in other studies of neonates and children. This study found 0.13% of cells with micronuclei; 1.20% karyorrhexis; 0.03% pyknosis; 10.85% karyolysis; 1.11% condensed chromatin; 0.54 binucleated cells; and 0.02% nuclear bud. Differences were not observed between genders or environmental passive smoking, nor was any age correlation found. CONCLUSION The assay proposed here is suitable for assessing the frequency of nuclear abnormalities from nasal cells in infants.
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Wultsch G, Nersesyan A, Kundi M, Jakse R, Beham A, Wagner KH, Knasmueller S. The sensitivity of biomarkers for genotoxicity and acute cytotoxicity in nasal and buccal cells of welders. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2014; 217:492-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Potential uses, limitations, and basic procedures of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in buccal cells. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:956835. [PMID: 24778463 PMCID: PMC3932264 DOI: 10.1155/2014/956835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The use of biomarkers as tools to evaluate genotoxicity is increasing recently. Methods that have been used previously to evaluate genomic instability are frequently expensive, complicated, and invasive. The micronuclei (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) technique in buccal cells offers a great opportunity to evaluate in a clear and precise way the appearance of genetic damage whether it is present as a consequence of occupational or environmental risk. This technique is reliable, fast, relatively simple, cheap, and minimally invasive and causes no pain. So, it is well accepted by patients; it can also be used to assess the genotoxic effect derived from drug use or as a result of having a chronic disease. Furthermore the beneficial effects derived from changes in life style or taking additional supplements can also be evaluated. In the present paper, we aim to focus on the explanation of MN test and its usefulness as a biomarker; we further give details about procedures to perform and interpret the results of the test and review some factors that could have an influence on the results of the technique.
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