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Opperman CJ, Singh S, Davids T, Cox H, Warren R, Goosen W. Identifying non-tuberculosis mycobacteria: Is it time to introduce new molecular assays? S Afr Med J 2023; 113:4-5. [PMID: 37278260 DOI: 10.7196/samj.2022.v113i6.16771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C J Opperman
- National Health Laboratory Service, Green Point Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Singh
- National Health Laboratory Service, Green Point Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T Davids
- City Health, Community Services and Health, City of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - H Cox
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine; and Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - R Warren
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - W Goosen
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Antibiotic susceptibility of mycobacteria isolated from ornamental fish. J Vet Res 2022; 66:69-76. [PMID: 35582485 PMCID: PMC8959692 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognised as causative agents of opportunistic infections in humans for which effective treatment is challenging. There is very little information on the prevalence of NTM drug resistance in Poland. This study was aimed to evaluate the susceptibility to antibiotics of NTM, originally isolated from diseased ornamental fish.
Material and Methods
A total of 99 isolates were studied, 50 of them rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) (among which three-quarters were Mycobacterium chelonae, M. peregrinum, and M. fortuitum and the rest M. neoaurum, M. septicum, M. abscessus, M. mucogenicum, M. salmoniphilum, M saopaulense, and M. senegalense). The other 49 were slowly growing mycobacteria (SGM) isolates (among which only one was M. szulgai and the bulk M. marinum and M. gordonae). Minimum inhibitory concentrations for amikacin (AMK), kanamycin (KAN), tobramycin (TOB), doxycycline (DOX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), clarithromycin (CLR), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP) were determined.
Results
The majority of the isolates were susceptible to KAN (95.95%: RGM 46.46% and SGM 49.49%), AMK (94.94%: RGM 45.45% and SGM 49.49%), CLR (83.83%: RGM 36.36% and SGM 47.47%), SMX (79.79%: RGM 30.30% and SMG 49.49%), CIP (65.65%: RGM 24.24% and SGM 41.41%), and DOX (55.55%: RGM 9.06% and SGM 46.46%). The majority were resistant to INH (98.98%: RGM 50.50% and SGM 48.48%) and RMP (96.96%: RGM 50.50% and SGM 46.46%).
Conclusion
The drug sensitivity of NTM varies from species to species. KAN, AMK, CLR and SMX were the most active against RGM isolates, and these same four plus DOX and CIP were the best drugs against SGM isolates.
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Marfil MJ, Garbaccio SG, Barandiaran S, Huertas PS, Vivot MM, Eirin ME, Zumárraga MJ. Isolation of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria from Bovine Raw Lungs Bought in Butchers' Shops. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 18:805-811. [PMID: 34271826 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2021.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) can cause opportunistic disease in animals and humans, causing mycobacteriosis. In this study, bovine lungs were collected from butchers' shops and slaughterhouses after food official's inspection from the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. All samples were cultured and then identified by molecular methods. Twelve isolates of NTM were identified being the most prevalent Mycolicibacterium insubricum. This demonstrates that viable Mycobacteria can pass food inspection and contaminate surfaces and food, making manipulation of raw organs and feeding of animals with raw lungs a potential source of infection for pets and owners.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jimena Marfil
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sergio Gabriel Garbaccio
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad Barandiaran
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Pablo Sebastián Huertas
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Martínez Vivot
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Emilia Eirin
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Martín José Zumárraga
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Gerasimova EN, Ismatullin DD, Lyamin AV, Zhestkov AV. General characteristics, features of cultivation and antibiotic resistance representatives of mycobacterium fortuitum group representatives (review of literature). Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:223-228. [PMID: 33878244 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-4-223-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, more and more scientific works have been devoted to non-tuberculous mycobacteria, both by domestic and foreign researchers. One of the main reasons for this is the increase in patients with immunosuppression of various origins, improvement of the quality of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of mycobacteriosis. This article focuses on the representatives of the M. fortuitum group, as the main pathogens among the group of fast-growing mycobacteria. The data on the modern classification based on the use of molecular genetic studies are indicated. The M. fortuitum group includes: Mycobacterium fortuitum, M. peregrinum, M. senegalense, M. porcinum, M. houstonense, M. neworleansense, M. boenickei, M. conceptionense, M. septicum, M. alvei. According to the new data, mycobacteria were divided into 5 clades (Abscessus-Chelonae, Fortuitum-Vaccae, Terrae, Triviale, Tuberculosis-Simiae), and based on molecular genetic studies, new genera in the Mycobacteriaceae family were isolated: Mycolicibacter spp., Mycolicibacillus spp., Mycolicibacillus spp., Mycobacteroides spp., Mycolicibacterium spp. In accordance with the new classification, representatives of the Mycobacterium fortuitum group belong to the genus Mycolicibacterium. The main epidemiological features of the main sources of the spread of mycobacteria, factors and ways of their transmission are indicated. Due to their wide distribution in the environment, representatives of the M. fortuitum group are capable of causing diseases of the pulmonary and extrapulmonary localization. The distinctive features of pathogenicity factors, due to which the course of the disease is determined, are noted. The article also indicates the main difficulties and features of determining the sensitivity to antimicrobial chemotherapy drugs, provides data on the main features of antibiotic resistance of M.fortuitum group. In preparing the review, literature sources obtained from international and domestic databases were used: Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, RSCI.
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Mycobacterium septicum: a 6-Year Clinical Experience from a Tertiary Hospital and Reference Laboratory. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 58:JCM.02091-20. [PMID: 32967896 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02091-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium septicum is a rarely identified nontuberculous mycobacterium capable of causing infections in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Only a few cases of M. septicum infections have been reported, which makes recognizing corresponding clinical disease more challenging for clinicians. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles for this organism are not well described, and corresponding optimal therapeutic regimens have not been established. We report a tertiary care center's experience with M. septicum from 2014 to 2020. Twelve adult patients with positive cultures for M. septicum were identified. Most cases were identified from sputum samples of individuals with underlying lung disease. Most cases involving M. septicum isolation in culture were not felt to be clinically significant. Two cases were considered possible infections, while only one case was considered a definite infection that required antimicrobial treatment. All M. septicum isolates were susceptible in vitro to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, linezolid, moxifloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Isolates were universally resistant to clarithromycin and doxycycline. The isolation of M. septicum in culture is uncommon and requires clinical correlation to determine its clinical relevance and need for treatment. Susceptibility testing should be performed to guide therapy.
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Swain A, Gnanasekar P, Prava J, Rajeev AC, Kesarwani P, Lahiri C, Pan A. A Comparative Genomics Approach for Shortlisting Broad-Spectrum Drug Targets in Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 27:212-226. [PMID: 32936741 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Many members of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens causing several infections in animals. The incidence of NTM infections and emergence of drug-resistant NTM strains are rising worldwide, emphasizing the need to develop novel anti-NTM drugs. The present study is aimed to identify broad-spectrum drug targets in NTM using a comparative genomics approach. The study identified 537 core proteins in NTM of which 45 were pathogen specific and essential for the survival of pathogens. Furthermore, druggability analysis indicated that 15 were druggable among those 45 proteins. These 15 proteins, which were core proteins, pathogen-specific, essential, and druggable, were considered as potential broad-spectrum candidates. Based on their locations in cytoplasm and membrane, targets were classified as drug and vaccine targets. The identified 15 targets were different enzymes, carrier proteins, transcriptional regulator, two-component system protein, ribosomal, and binding proteins. The identified targets could further be utilized by researchers to design inhibitors for the discovery of antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Swain
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Jyoti Prava
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Athira C Rajeev
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Pragya Kesarwani
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Chandrajit Lahiri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Archana Pan
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Surgical Site Infection Caused by Mycobacterium Septicum Following Blepharoplasty. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:e228-e230. [PMID: 31856133 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND M fortuitum and M chelonae are commonly reported in surgical site infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacterium, but M septicum is rarely known. Herein, the authors report the first case of surgical site infection caused by M septicum in an immunocompetent patient after blepharoplasty. METHODS A 37-year-old woman had persisting bilateral masses on the upper eyelids at 3 months after a blepharoplasty. The excision and revision were performed in a local clinic with the administration of the empirical antibiotic (clarithromycin) for 2 months, but the masses recurred. The patient was referred to the authors' hospital after the steroid was injected. As the right eyelid skin was very thin with the pus pocket, curettage was performed, while the mass on the left eyelid was completely excised. A bacterial, Acid Fast Bacilli culture with antibiotic susceptibility testing, and a DNA-polymerase chain reaction test were performed. RESULTS The polymerase chain reaction test identified M septicum. The antibiotic treatment was delayed to identify the susceptibility to antibiotics, but the Acid Fast Bacilli culture result showed no growth. In the meantime, the mass on the right eyelid recurred. Levofloxacin and clarithromycin were administered for 6 months in consultation with the Division of Infectious Diseases. Then the mass was excised. There was no recurrence after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION There are a few reports of M septicum catheter-related infection and pulmonary disease, but surgical site infection has not been reported. When a localized mass on a surgical site is found, surgeons should consider M septicum infection and find out the pathogen with its antibiotics susceptibility.
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Klomjit N, Chewcharat A, D'Uscio M, Kattah AG. Mycobacterium septicum associated peritonitis: A case report. Perit Dial Int 2020; 40:600-602. [PMID: 32425103 DOI: 10.1177/0896860820927150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis secondary to mycobacterium is rare, the treatment is challenging and outcomes remain poor. We report the first case of PD-associated peritonitis secondary to Mycobacterium septicum. The patient is a 53-year-old Caucasian man who developed end-stage kidney disease due to systemic sclerosis. He was initially started on intermittent hemodialysis and was then switched to PD 10 months later. He presented with generalized abdominal pain and an increase in the number of nucleated cells and neutrophils in the dialysate effluent sample (854 total nucleated cells/µL and 512 neutrophils/µL). Ten days later, the fluid grew M. septicum, a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM). Once the organism was identified, he was treated with moxifloxacin and doxycycline, and the PD catheter was removed. Antibiotics were adjusted due to sensitivities profile and side effects, and he completed 4 months of antibiotic treatment with decreasing cell counts and negative PD fluid cultures. This case highlights the growing list of organisms responsible for NTM peritonitis and complexity of care in the patient with NTM peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawat Klomjit
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Api Chewcharat
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Margaret D'Uscio
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrea G Kattah
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Li G, Pang H, Guo Q, Huang M, Tan Y, Li C, Wei J, Xia Y, Jiang Y, Zhao X, Liu H, Zhao LL, Liu Z, Xu D, Wan K. Antimicrobial susceptibility and MIC distribution of 41 drugs against clinical isolates from China and reference strains of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 49:364-374. [PMID: 28131606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To treat nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections more optimally, further research pertaining to mycobacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents is required. A total of 82 species of NTM reference strains and 23 species of NTM clinical isolates were included. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for 41 drugs were determined using the microdilution method in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth. The results showed that most of the NTM were susceptible to aminoglycosides, quinolones, three macrolides (clarithromycin, azithromycin and roxithromycin), cefmetazole, linezolid and capreomycin. Rapidly growing mycobacterium strains were additionally susceptible to cefoxitin, clofazimine, rifapentine, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline, meropenem and sulfamethoxazole, whereas slowly growing mycobacterium strains were additionally susceptible to rifabutin. This study on the susceptibility of NTM includes the largest sample size of Chinese clinical isolates and reference strains. NTM species-specific drug susceptibility patterns suggested that it is urgent to identify the species of NTM, to normalise the treatment of NTM infectious disease and to clarify the resistance mechanisms of NTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hui Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Immunology Department, Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi 046000, China
| | - Qian Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | | | | | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jianhao Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Haican Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Donglei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Kanglin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
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Noncontiguous Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium septicum Strain DSM 44393T. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:1/4/e00574-13. [PMID: 23950116 PMCID: PMC3744672 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00574-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly growing Mycobacterium septicum rarely causes pulmonary infections. We report here the draft genome sequence of M. septicum strain DSM 44393T, isolated from catheter-related bacteremia and initially identified as a member of Mycobacterium fortuitum.
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