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Ghafari S, Alavi SM, Khaghani S. Potentially pathogenic culturable bacteria in hemodialysis waters. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:276. [PMID: 39054498 PMCID: PMC11270894 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemodialysis patients are at risk of acquiring healthcare-related infections due to using non-sterile water to prepare hemodialysis fluid. Therefore, microbiological control and monitoring of used water are of crucial importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, we identified bacterial populations occupying a hemodialysis water distribution system for almost a 6-month period in Ahvaz city, southwest of Iran. A total of 18 samples from three points were collected. We found high colony counts of bacteria on R2A agar. 31 bacteria with different morphological and biochemical characteristics were identified by molecular-genetic methods based on 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Endotoxin concentrations were measured, using Endosafe® Rapid LAL Single-Test Vials. RESULTS A diverse bacterial community was identified, containing predominantly Gram-negative bacilli. The most frequently isolated genus was Sphingomonas. Five species including M. fortuitum, M. lentiflavum, M.szulgai, M. barrassiae, and M. gordonae was identified .Despite the presence of Gram-negative bacteria the endotoxin analysis of all samples revealed that their endotoxin values were below the detection limit. CONCLUSION The members of Sphingomonas genus along with Bosea and mycobacteria could be regarded as pioneers in surface colonization and biofilm creation. These bacteria with others like Pelomonas, Bradyrhizobium, staphylococcus, and Microbacterium may represent a potential health risk to patients under hemodialysis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Ghafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Alavi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Soheila Khaghani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Tabernero Huguet E, Leal Arranz MV, Garcia Fuertes JA, Santos Zorrozua B, Ortiz Laza N, Ortiz de Urbina B, Azpiazu Monterrubio P, Altube Urrengoechea L. Clinical and Treatment Outcome Differences Between the Most Common Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) in the Basque Country. Arch Bronconeumol 2023; 59:765-767. [PMID: 37541817 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tabernero Huguet
- Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | | | | | - Borja Santos Zorrozua
- Bioinformatics and Statistics Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Nerea Ortiz Laza
- Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Borja Ortiz de Urbina
- Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
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Nagano Y, Kuronuma K, Kitamura Y, Nagano K, Yabe H, Kudo S, Sato T, Nirasawa S, Nakae M, Horiuchi M, Yokota SI, Fujiya Y, Saito A, Takahashi S, Chiba H. Pseudo-outbreak of Mycobacterium lentiflavum at a general hospital in Japan. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023; 44:1809-1815. [PMID: 37096433 PMCID: PMC10665882 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2023.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium lentiflavum is a slow-growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that is widely distributed in soil and water systems, but it is sometimes pathogenic to humans. Although cases of M. lentiflavum infections are rare, 22 isolates of M. lentiflavum were identified at a single hospital in Japan. We suspected a nosocomial outbreak; thus, we conducted transmission pattern and genotype analyses. METHODS Cases of M. lentiflavum isolated at Kushiro City General Hospital in Japan between May 2020 and April 2021 were analyzed. The patient samples and environmental culture specimens underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Additionally, we retrospectively collected clinical data from patient medical records. RESULTS Altogether, 22 isolates of M. lentiflavum were identified from sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples. Clinically, the instances with M. lentiflavum isolates were considered contaminants. In the WGS analysis, 19 specimens, including 18 patient samples and 1 environmental culture from the hospital's faucet, showed genetic similarity. The frequency of M. lentiflavum isolation decreased after we prohibited the use of taps where M. lentiflavum was isolated. CONCLUSIONS WGS analysis identified that the cause of M. lentiflavum pseudo-outbreak was the water used for patient examinations, including bronchoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Nagano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Kuronuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kitamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Kanami Nagano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Hayato Yabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kudo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Hokkaido University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinya Nirasawa
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mami Nakae
- Division of Infection Control, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Hokkaido University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Yokota
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fujiya
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Chiba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Chida K, Yamanaka Y, Sato A, Ito S, Takasaka N, Ishikawa T, Kuwano K. Solitary pulmonary nodule caused by pulmonary Mycobacterium lentiflavum infection. Respir Med Case Rep 2021; 34:101510. [PMID: 34527510 PMCID: PMC8429958 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2021.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An 82-year-old Japanese man who previously had descending colon cancer and underwent partial resection showed a growing solitary pulmonary nodule, suspected as lung cancer, on follow-up computed tomography. Thoracoscopic partial lobectomy was therefore performed. The surgical specimen showed granulomatous lesions with necrosis. Mass spectrometry was performed on the sputum specimen collected after surgery, which identified Mycobacterium lentiflavum infection. Antibiotics were not prescribed following surgery, and the patient has not experienced recurrence 2 years since the surgery. To our knowledge, this is the second case of solitary pulmonary nodule and the first case of M. lentiflavum infection treated via surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Chida
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei Daisan Hospital, Japan
| | - Yumie Yamanaka
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei Daisan Hospital, Japan
| | - Akihito Sato
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Machida Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - Saburo Ito
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Takasaka
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei Daisan Hospital, Japan
| | - Takeo Ishikawa
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei Daisan Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
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Mycobacterium lentiflavum. Infección pulmonar en una paciente inmunocompetente. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2020; 38:347-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ghielmetti G, Hilbe M, Friedel U, Menegatti C, Bacciarini L, Stephan R, Bloemberg G. Mycobacterial infections in wild boars (Sus scrofa) from Southern Switzerland: Diagnostic improvements, epidemiological situation and zoonotic potential. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:573-586. [PMID: 32640107 PMCID: PMC8247353 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of mycobacterial infections in different hosts and their implication as obligate or opportunistic pathogens remain mainly unclear. In addition to the well-known pathogenic members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis - complex (MTBC), over 180 non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species have been described. Although the large majority of the NTM is assumed to be non-pathogenic to most individuals, an increasing trend in NTM infections has been observed over the last decades. The reasons of such augmentation are probably more than one: improved laboratory diagnostics, an increasing number of immunocompromised patients and individuals with lung damage are some of the possible aspects. Mandibular lymph nodes of 176 hunted wild boars from the pre-Alpine region of Canton Ticino, Switzerland, were collected. Following gross inspection, each lymph node was subjected to culture and to an IS6110 based real-time PCR specific for MTBC members. Histology was performed of a selection of lymph nodes (n = 14) presenting gross visible lesions. Moreover, accuracy of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) species identification was compared with sequence analysis of a combination of housekeeping genes. Mycobacteria of the MTBC were detected in 2.8% of the wild boars (n = 5; CI95% 1.2-6.5) and were all confirmed to be Mycobacterium microti by molecular methods. In addition, based on the examined lymph nodes, NTM were detected in 57.4% (n = 101; CI95% 50.0-64.5) of the wild boars originating from the study area. The 111 isolates belonged to 24 known species and three potentially undescribed Mycobacterium species. M. avium subsp. hominissuis thereby predominated (22.5%) and was found in lymph nodes with and without macroscopic changes. Overall, the present findings show that, with the exception of undescribed Mycobacterium species where identification was not possible (3.6%; 4/111), MALDI-TOF MS had a high concordance rate (90.1%; 100/111 isolates) to the sequence-based reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ghielmetti
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Hilbe
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ute Friedel
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Roger Stephan
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guido Bloemberg
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, National Reference Center for Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Listeria, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mello RBD, Moreira DN, Pereira ACG, Lustosa NR. Cutaneous infection by Mycobacterium lentiflavum after subcutaneous injection of lipolytic formula. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95:511-513. [PMID: 32522448 PMCID: PMC7335886 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections is increasing worldwide; by 2017, more than 190 species and subspecies have been documented. Although classically associated with immunosuppression, the recognition of these etiological agents in diseases affecting immunocompetent individuals and in healthcare-associated infections, such as after surgical and cosmetic procedures, makes the study of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of these microorganisms relevant in medical practice. Mycobacterium lentiflavum is slow-growing and rarely affects the skin. A case of cutaneous mycobacteriosis caused by M. lentiflavum is reported in an immunocompetent patient after subcutaneous injection of a lipolytic compound, treated with clarithromycin and levofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Bernardes de Mello
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Dalton Nogueira Moreira
- Orestes Diniz Training and Reference Center for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Nicole Ramalho Lustosa
- Dermatology Service, Hospital da Polícia Militar de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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