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Contact investigation of tuberculosis in Shanghai, China: A 13-year cohort. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2023; 139:102323. [PMID: 36805089 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation is an effective strategy for TB control. We established a close-contact cohort to evaluate the effect of contact investigation in Shanghai, China. METHODS Close contacts of bacteria-positive TB cases diagnosed from 2009 to 2018 in the Songjiang District of Shanghai were screened and followed up until 2021 through symptom examination or other alternatives, and the incidence and risk factors for developing active TB among close contacts were assessed by survival analysis and WGS. RESULTS 7018 close contacts of 2861 bacteria-positive TB cases were investigated. The median follow-up time was 7.4 years. 97 close contacts (185/100,000, 95%CI: 151-226) developed TB. Survival analysis showed that index cases who were in younger age groups, living in urban settings, smear-positive, and reported a healthcare-seeking delay for TB had higher risks of generating contact cases. Close contacts with matched strains developed TB at an average of 26.5 months based on WGS. CONCLUSION A 2-year ideally longer follow-up for close contacts would be beneficial. To improve early case detection, more attention needs to be paid to those contacts whose index cases were living in urban settings, were smear-positive, had a healthcare-seeking delay for TB, and/or were aged ≤18 years.
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Tiberi S, Migliori GB, Muhwa Chakaya J, Kaesava T, Al Abri SS, Wejse C, Goletti D, Kapata N, Sotgiu G, Bomanji J, Zellweger JP, Hasan R, Irfan M, Ahmed I, Pshenichnaya N, Vasilieva I, Yeboah-Manu D, Alffenaar JW, Kim HY, Centis R, Cirillo DM, Alagna R, D'Ambrosio L, Cui X, Cao B, Maeurer M, Harries AD, Ippolito G, Raviglione M, Zumla A, Petersen E. Commemorating World TB Day 2020: "IT'S TIME" - It's time to End the Global TB Epidemic. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 92S:S1-S4. [PMID: 32145464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Tiberi
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Infection, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Giovanni Battista Migliori
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Roncaccio 16, Tradate, Varese, 21049, Italy.
| | - Jeremiah Muhwa Chakaya
- Department of Medicine, Therapeutics, Dermatology and Psychiatry, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Tereza Kaesava
- Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Seif Salem Al Abri
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Christian Wejse
- Department of Infectious Disease, Aarhus University Hospital and School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nathan Kapata
- UNZA-UCLMS Research and Training Program, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia; Zambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Jamshed Bomanji
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Rumina Hasan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Natalia Pshenichnaya
- Rostov State Medical University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Irina Vasilieva
- National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Jan-Willem Alffenaar
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Hannah Yejin Kim
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Rosella Centis
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Roncaccio 16, Tradate, Varese, 21049, Italy.
| | - Daniela Maria Cirillo
- Emerging Pathogens Unit, TB Supranational Reference Laboratory, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Alagna
- Emerging Pathogens Unit, TB Supranational Reference Laboratory, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Xiaojing Cui
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, No 2, Beijing, China.
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, No 2, Beijing, China.
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Immunotherapy Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal; I Med Clinic, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Anthony D Harries
- Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS- Via Portuense, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Raviglione
- University of Milan, Italy, and Global Studies Institute, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Eskild Petersen
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark; ESCMID Emerging Infections Task Force, Basel, Switzerland.
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