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Su S, Wang R, Zhou R, Bai J, Chen Z, Zhou F. Higher diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing versus culture in periprosthetic joint infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024. [PMID: 38713871 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The next-generation sequencing (NGS) has developed rapidly in the past decade and is becoming a promising diagnostic tool for periprosthetic infection (PJI). However, its diagnostic value for PJI is still uncertain. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic value of NGS compared to culture. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for studies from inception to 12 November 2023. Diagnostic parameters, such as sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve (AUC), were calculated for the included studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 22 studies with 2461 patients were included in our study. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio of NGS were 87% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 83-90), 94% (95% CI: 91-96) and 111 (95% CI: 70-177), respectively. On the other hand, the pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio of culture were 63% (95% CI: 58-67), 98% (95% CI: 96-99) and 93 (95% CI: 40-212), respectively. The SROC curve for NGS and culture showed that the AUCs are 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94-0.98) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.79-0.86), respectively. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis found NGS had higher sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy but slightly lower specificity than culture. Based on the pooled results, we suggested NGS may have the potential to be a new tool for the diagnosis of PJI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Ruideng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Rubing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing friendship hospital, Capital Medical University, Xicheng, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwu Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China
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Cao H, Chen Y, Ge L, Kwong JSW, Lai H, Hu F, Zhang R, Zhao H, Hu L, He R, Zheng W, Zhang J. An umbrella review of the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing in infectious diseases. Int J Clin Pharm 2024:10.1007/s11096-024-01704-2. [PMID: 38570474 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-024-01704-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of systematic reviews (SRs) have evaluated the diagnostic values of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in infectious diseases (IDs). AIM This umbrella analysis aimed to assess the potential risk of bias in existing SRs and to summarize the published diagnostic values of NGS in different IDs. METHOD We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until September 2023 for SRs assessing the diagnostic validity of NGS for IDs. Two investigators independently determined review eligibility, extracted data, and evaluated reporting quality, risk of bias, methodological quality, and evidence certainty in the included SRs. RESULTS Eleven SRs were analyzed. Most SRs exhibited a moderate level of reporting quality, while a serious risk of bias was observed in all SRs. The diagnostic performance of NGS in detecting pneumocystis pneumonia and periprosthetic/prosthetic joint infection was notably robust, showing excellent sensitivity (pneumocystis pneumonia: 0.96, 95% CI 0.90-0.99, very low certainty; periprosthetic/prosthetic joint infection: 0.93, 95% CI 0.83-0.97, very low certainty) and specificity (pneumocystis pneumonia: 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.98, very low certainty; periprosthetic/prosthetic joint infection: 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.97, very low certainty). NGS exhibited high specificity for central nervous system infection, bacterial meningoencephalitis, and tuberculous meningitis. The sensitivity to these infectious diseases was moderate. NGS demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity for multiple infections and pulmonary infections. CONCLUSION This umbrella analysis indicates that NGS is a promising technique for diagnosing pneumocystis pneumonia and periprosthetic/prosthetic joint infection with excellent sensitivity and specificity. More high-quality original research and SRs are needed to verify the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, 2708 South of Huaxi Avenue Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, 2708 South of Huaxi Avenue Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Long Ge
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Joey Sum-Wing Kwong
- Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Honghao Lai
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Department of Laboratory, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Huaye Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Linfang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rui He
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Room 601, Novum PI 6, Hälsovägen 7, Huddinge, 14157, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Room 601, Novum PI 6, Hälsovägen 7, Huddinge, 14157, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83 Zhongshandong Road, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.
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Du J, Tao Y, Yang J, Cai J, Zhou H, Zhang R, Hu Y. Case Report: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Confirmed a Case of Spine Infection with Brucella melitensis in Non-Endemic Area. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7219-7225. [PMID: 38023409 PMCID: PMC10655603 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s436278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp., with the highest prevalence found in the northern cities of China. In this case report, we present an occurrence of spinal infection caused by B. melitensis in a 67-year-old man residing in a non-endemic area of southern China. The patient initially presented with chest and back pain, which was not accurately diagnosed and treated at a local hospital. Subsequently, due to worsening pain, he was admitted to our hospital. To determine the cause of the infection, we performed CT-guided aspiration biopsy and collected biopsy tissue for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on the second day of hospitalization. Imaging investigations revealed involvement of the thoracic vertebrae, specifically thoracic 4-7 with the main focus on 5-6, accompanied by stenosis of the intervertebral space. The mNGS results indicated that the spine infection was caused by B. melitensis. The patient's history as a shepherd and a positive Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) further supported the diagnosis of brucella spondylitis. In order to alleviate pain and restore spinal function, the patient underwent posterior internal fixation of the thoracic spine. Treatment was initiated with cefoperazone/sulbactam, followed by doxycycline. Subsequently, the patient was switched to a combination therapy of rifampicin and doxycycline for a duration of six weeks. The patient responded well to treatment, and his condition remained stable. In conclusion, brucellosis is a common disease that can be easily misdiagnosed. This case report highlights the potential value of mNGS in early and rapid diagnosis. We believe that mNGS can serve as an effective tool to improve the diagnosis of spine infections caused by this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachang Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Hantouly AT, Alzobi O, Toubasi AA, Zikria B, Al Dosari MAA, Ahmed G. Higher sensitivity and accuracy of synovial next-generation sequencing in comparison to culture in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2023; 31:3672-3683. [PMID: 36244018 PMCID: PMC10435641 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-022-07196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the diagnostic parameters of synovial next-generation sequencing (NGS) and cultures in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until 8 Jan 2022 for literature investigating the role of NGS in comparison to culture in the diagnosis of PJI. The studies were included if they investigated the diagnostic value of culture and NGS in diagnosing PJIs against the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria. Diagnostic parameters, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive-likelihood ratio, negative-likelihood ratio, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), were calculated for the included studies to evaluate the performance of NGS in comparison to culture in PJI diagnosis. RESULTS The total number of the included patients was 341 from seven articles. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of NGS were 94% (95% CI 91-97%), 89% (95% CI 82-95%), and 138.5 (95% CI 49.1-390.5), respectively. NGS has positive- and negative-likelihood ratios of 7.9 (95% CI 3.99-15.6) and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0-0.1), respectively. On the other hand, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of culture were 70% (95% CI 61-79%), 94% (95% CI 88-98%), and 28.0 (95% CI 12.6-62.2), respectively. The SROC curve for NGS showed that the accuracy (AUC) was 91.9%, and that the positive and negative predictive values were 8.6 (95% CI 5.0-19.5) and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0-0.1), respectively. While, culture SROC curve demonstrated that the accuracy (AUC) was 80.5% and the positive- and negative-likelihood ratio were 12.1 (95% CI 4.5-49.6) and 0.3 (95% CI 0.2-0.4). CONCLUSIONS NGS has a potential role in diagnosing hip and knee PJIs due to its high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. However, the sensitivity and specificity reported by the studies varied according to the time of synovial sampling (preoperative, postoperative, or mixed).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf T Hantouly
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Surgical Specialty Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Osama Alzobi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Surgical Specialty Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Bashir Zikria
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ghalib Ahmed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Surgical Specialty Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Li H, Fu J, Erlong N, Li R, Xu C, Hao L, Chen J, Chai W. Characterization of periprosthetic environment microbiome in patients after total joint arthroplasty and its potential correlation with inflammation. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:423. [PMID: 37349686 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most serious complications after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) but the characterization of the periprosthetic environment microbiome after TJA remains unknown. Here, we performed a prospective study based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing to explore the periprosthetic microbiota in patients with suspected PJI. METHODS We recruited 28 patients with culture-positive PJI, 14 patients with culture-negative PJI, and 35 patients without PJI, which was followed by joint aspiration, untargeted metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and bioinformatics analysis. Our results showed that the periprosthetic environment microbiome was significantly different between the PJI group and the non-PJI group. Then, we built a "typing system" for the periprosthetic microbiota based on the RandomForest Model. After that, the 'typing system' was verified externally. RESULTS We found the periprosthetic microbiota can be classified into four types generally: "Staphylococcus type," "Pseudomonas type," "Escherichia type," and "Cutibacterium type." Importantly, these four types of microbiotas had different clinical signatures, and the patients with the former two microbiota types showed obvious inflammatory responses compared to the latter ones. Based on the 2014 Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria, clinical PJI was more likely to be confirmed when the former two types were encountered. In addition, the Staphylococcus spp. with compositional changes were correlated with C-reactive protein levels, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the synovial fluid white blood cell count and granulocyte percentage. CONCLUSIONS Our study shed light on the characterization of the periprosthetic environment microbiome in patients after TJA. Based on the RandomForest model, we established a basic "typing system" for the microbiota in the periprosthetic environment. This work can provide a reference for future studies about the characterization of periprosthetic microbiota in periprosthetic joint infection patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Niu Erlong
- Department of Orthopedics, 305 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiying Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Ponraj DS, Lund M, Lange J, Poehlein A, Himmelbach A, Falstie-Jensen T, Jørgensen NP, Ravn C, Brüggemann H. Shotgun sequencing of sonication fluid for the diagnosis of orthopaedic implant-associated infections with Cutibacterium acnes as suspected causative agent. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1165017. [PMID: 37265503 PMCID: PMC10229904 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1165017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthopaedic implant-associated infections (OIAIs) due to Cutibacterium acnes can be difficult to diagnose. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) can provide additional information to improve the diagnosis of C. acnes OIAIs. mNGS was performed on sonication fluid (SF) specimens derived from 24 implants. These were divided into three groups, based on culture results: group I, culture-negative (n = 4); group II, culture-positive for C. acnes (n = 10); and group III, culture-positive for other bacteria (n = 10). In group I, sequence reads from C. acnes were detected in only one SF sample, originating from a suspected case of OIAIs, which was SF and tissue culture-negative. In group II, C. acnes sequences were detected in 7/10 samples. In group III, C. acnes sequence reads were found in 5/10 samples, in addition to sequence reads that matched the bacterial species identified by culture. These samples could represent polymicrobial infections that were missed by culture. Taken together, mNGS was able to detect C. acnes DNA in more samples compared to culture and could be used to identify cases of suspected C. acnes OIAIs, in particular regarding possible polymicrobial infections, where the growth of C. acnes might be compromised due to a fast-growing bacterial species. However, since SF specimens are usually low-biomass samples, mNGS is prone to DNA contamination, possibly introduced during DNA extraction or sequencing procedures. Thus, it is advisable to set a sequence read count threshold, taking into account project- and NGS-specific criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Lund
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lange
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Anja Poehlein
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Axel Himmelbach
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | | | | | - Christen Ravn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Cretu B, Iordache S, Cursaru A, Serban B, Costache M, Cirstoiu C, Spiridonica R. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Periprosthetic Joint Infections. Cureus 2023; 15:e38726. [PMID: 37168414 PMCID: PMC10166283 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after arthroplasty is a major complication, which requires significant resources, resulting in high costs for the medical system. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of periprosthetic infections, the identification of the pathogen being the central element in the establishment of targeted antibiotic therapy. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) or metagenomic NGS (mNGS) represents a promising, fast alternative, with increased specificity and sensitivity compared to identification methods using conventional culture media, thus enabling an increased rate of identification of pathogenic microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). The purpose of this article was to highlight new molecular diagnostic methods for periprosthetic joint infections and their involvement in treatment efficiency. NGS technologies are cutting-edge techniques that may challenge the PJI diagnostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Cretu
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Sergiu Iordache
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Adrian Cursaru
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Bogdan Serban
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Mihai Costache
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Catalin Cirstoiu
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Razvan Spiridonica
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
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Zhang B, Li M, Liu Y, Zhang B, Liu Z, Chen X, Huo J, Han Y. The diagnostic value of blood sample NGS in patients with early periprosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty. Int Wound J 2023; 20:961-970. [PMID: 36054590 PMCID: PMC10030938 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood samples from patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) was evaluated by comparing it with drainage fluid NGS and bacterial culture. The study was designed as a retrospective diagnostic test. Thirty-six infected patients were diagnosed with PJI according to the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria and 57 volunteers were included in our study. NGS and bacterial culture were chosen to detect PJI after THA. Blood samples and drainage fluid were collected for NGS, and the drainage fluid, which was collected at the same time as the NGS drainage fluid sample, was used for bacterial culture. The primary outcomes of interest were sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. In the infection group, 31 patients showed positive results by blood sample NGS, 33 patients showed positive results by drainage fluid NGS, and 17 patients showed positive bacterial culture results. In the control group, the results of 2 blood sample NGS, 16 drainage fluid NGS, and 3 bacterial cultures were positive. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the blood sample were 0.86, 0.96, and 0.92, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the drainage fluid samples were 0.92, 0.72, and 0.80, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of bacterial culture were 0.47, 0.95, and 0.79, respectively. The study demonstrated that both the sensitivity and specificity of NGS were higher than those of bacterial culture, regardless of the kind of sample. Compared with drainage fluid NGS, the sensitivity of blood sample NGS was slightly lower (0.86 vs 0.92), but blood sample NGS showed higher specificity (0.96 vs 0.72). In total, the diagnostic value of blood sample NGS was superior to that of drainage fluid NGS and bacterial culture. The majority of infected patients could be identified by blood sample NGS. Moreover, because of its high specificity, blood sample NGS can not only detect infectious bacteria but also distinguish infectious from non-infectious bacteria, which is dramatically different from using drainage fluid NGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingshi Zhang
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Mengnan Li
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Binquan Zhang
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Zeming Liu
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yongtai Han
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
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9
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Diagnostic Role of mNGS in Polymicrobial Periprosthetic Joint Infection. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051838. [PMID: 36902625 PMCID: PMC10003677 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis of polymicrobial periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). METHODS Patients with complete data who underwent surgery at our hospital between July 2017 and January 2021 for suspected periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), according to the 2018 ICE diagnostic criteria, were enrolled, and all patients underwent microbial culture and mNGS detection, which were performed on the BGISEQ-500 platform. Microbial cultures were performed on two samples of synovial fluid, six samples of tissue, and two samples of prosthetic sonicate fluid for each patient. The mNGS was performed on 10 tissues, 64 synovial fluid samples, and 17 prosthetic sonicate fluid samples. The results of mNGS testing were based on the interpretation of mNGS results in the previous literature and the assertions of microbiologists and orthopedic surgeons. The diagnostic efficacy of mNGS in polymicrobial PJI was assessed by comparing the results of conventional microbial cultures and mNGS. RESULTS A total of 91 patients were finally enrolled in this study. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of conventional culture for the diagnosis of PJI were 71.0%, 95.4%, and 76.9%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of mNGS for the diagnosis of PJI were 91.3%, 86.3%, and 90.1%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of conventional culture for the diagnosis of polymicrobial PJI were 57.1%, 100%, and 91.3%, respectively. mNGS had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.7%, 60.0%, and 65.2%, respectively, for the diagnosis of polymicrobial PJI. CONCLUSIONS mNGS can improve the diagnosis efficiency of polymicrobial PJI, and the combination of culture and mNGS is a promising method to diagnose polymicrobial PJI.
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10
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Yu Y, Wang S, Dong G, Niu Y. Diagnostic Performance of Metagenomic Next⁃Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection Using Tissue Specimens. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:1193-1201. [PMID: 36879851 PMCID: PMC9985395 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s397260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) diagnosing prosthetic joint infection (PJI) using tissue from hip/knee rapidly and precisely, especially in patients who had received antibiotic treatment within the preceding two weeks. Methods From May 2020 to March 2022, 52 cases with suspected PJI were enrolled. mNGS was performed on surgical tissue samples. The sensitivity and specificity of mNGS in diagnosis was evaluated using culture in conjunction with MSIS criteria. This study also looked at how antibiotic use affected culture and mNGS efficacy. Results According to MSIS criteria, 31 of the 44 cases had PJI, and 13 were classified in the aseptic loosening group. Sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value (PPV/NPV), positive/negative likelihood ratio (PLR/NLR), and area under the curve (AUC) of mNGS assay were 80.6% (71.9-91.8%), 84.6 (73.7-97.9%), 92.6 (84.2-98.7%), 64.7 (58.6-74.7%), 5.241 (4.081-6.693), 0.229 (0.108-0.482) and 0.826 (0.786-0.967), respectively, with MSIS as a reference. When MSIS was used as a reference, the results of culture assay were 45.2% (40.8-51.5%), 100 (100.0-100.0%), 100 (100.0-100.0%), 43.3 (39.1-49.5%), +∞, 0.548 (0.396-0.617) and 0.726 (0.621-0.864), respectively. The AUC values for mNGS and culture were 0.826 and 0.731, respectively, and the differences were insignificant. mNGS demonstrated higher sensitivity than culture in PJI subjects who had previously received antibiotic treatment within 2 weeks (69.5% vs 23.1%, P = 0.03). Conclusion In our series, mNGS yield a higher sensitivity for diagnosis and pathogen detection of PJI compared to microbiological culture. Additionally, mNGS is less affected by prior antibiotic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixiang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Niu
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
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11
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Clinical Use of a 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene-Based Sanger and/or Next Generation Sequencing Assay to Test Preoperative Synovial Fluid for Periprosthetic Joint Infection Diagnosis. mBio 2022; 13:e0132222. [PMID: 36354331 PMCID: PMC9765659 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01322-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative pathogen identification in patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is typically limited to synovial fluid culture. Whether sequencing-based approaches are of potential use in identification of pathogens in PJI, and if so which approach is ideal, is incompletely defined. The objective of the study was to analyze the accuracy of a 16S rRNA (rRNA) gene-based PCR followed by Sanger sequencing and/or targeted metagenomic sequencing approach (tMGS) performed on synovial fluid for PJI diagnosis. A retrospective study was conducted, analyzing synovial fluids tested between August 2020 and May 2021 at a single center. Subjects with hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow arthroplasties who had synovial fluid aspirated and clinically subjected to sequence-based testing and conventional culture were studied. A total of 154 subjects were included in the study; 118 had noninfectious arthroplasty failure (NIAF), while 36 had PJI. Clinical sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of PJI were 69% and 100%, respectively, for the sequencing-based approach and 72% and 100%, respectively, for conventional culture (P = 0.74). The combination of both tests was more sensitive (83%) than culture alone (P = 0.04). Results of sequencing-based testing led to changes in treatment in four of 36 (11%) PJI subjects. Microbial identification was achieved using Sanger and next generation sequencing in 19 and 6 subjects, respectively. When combined with culture, the described 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based approach increased sensitivity compared to culture alone, suggesting its potential use in the diagnosis of PJI when synovial fluid culture is negative. IMPORTANCE Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a dreadful complication of joint replacement. Noninvasive identification of infectious pathogens has been traditionnally limited to culture-based testing of synovial fluid which has poor sensitivity. Sanger and Next-generation sequencing (NGS) may be used for synovial fluid testing in PJI, but experience in routine practice is sparse. We used a targeted metagenomic sequencing approach for routine testing of synovial fluid involving NGS when Sanger sequencing had failed or was likely to fail. The objective of this study was to analyze the approach's performance for diagnosis of PJI in comparison to culture for testing synovial fluid. Overall, the sequencing-based approach was not superior to culture for diagnosis of PJI, but yielded positive results in some culture-negative samples.
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12
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Patient-Reported Outcome on Quality of Life and Pain after Revision Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237182. [PMID: 36498756 PMCID: PMC9741318 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the quality of life (QOL) and pain after revision surgery for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) based on patients' reported outcomes. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted and 137 valid responses were included (response rate 64.0%). A total of 42 patients underwent debridement with implant retention (DAIR), 31 underwent one-stage revision, and 64 underwent two-stage revision. The average overall SF-36 score was 70.3. The DAIR group had significantly higher SF-36 than the two-stage revision group (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the one-stage revision group and the other two groups. A total of 74.5% of patients reported pain with an average McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) score of 8.6. There was no significant difference in the MPQ scores among the three groups. Simple linear regression analyses demonstrated that higher preoperative PMN%, VAS, and shorter hospital stay were associated with pain (adjusted R2 = 4%, p = 0.020; adjusted R2 = 2.1%, p = 0.048; adjusted R2 = 2.1%, p = 0.049; respectively). We concluded that the overall QOL of patients after revision surgery for PJI is generally satisfactory. Persistent pain is prevalent, but the severity was mostly mild. Preoperative PMN%, VAS, and hospital stay were associated with postoperative pain.
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13
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Zhang C, Lin Y, Huang C, Huang Z, Fang X, Bai G, Zhang Z, Li W, Zhang W. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing assists the diagnosis treatment of fungal osteoarticular infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1072539. [PMID: 36506031 PMCID: PMC9726756 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1072539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fungal osteoarticular infection (FOI) is not commonly seen in clinical practice but proposes a great challenge to orthopedic surgeons. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors, the clinical features, and surgical outcomes of FOI in our institution. Specifically, we aimed to explore the role of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis and treatment of FOI. Methods All the patients who were diagnosed and managed with FOI in our institution from January 2007 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed, including primary fungal implant-related infection, primary fungal osteomyelitis or arthritis, and fungal infections secondary to bacterial osteomyelitis or implant-related bacterial infections. The potential risk factors and the clinical and surgical features were analyzed. The pathogen data were compared between culture and the mNGS test. Results A total of 25 patients were included, namely, 12 primary implant-related infections, 7 primary fungal osteomyelitis or arthritis, and 6 fungal infections secondary to bacterial osteomyelitis or implant-related bacterial infections. Most cases had undergone multiple surgeries or long-term antibiotic treatment. Diagnosis was mainly based on microbial culture and the mNGS test. Optimization of culture methods and the use of mNGS assisted the diagnosis. Specifically, mNGS was performed in 12 patients, 5 of whom were culture-negative. In the remaining seven cases, mNGS demonstrated the same results as culture. Management of FOI was complicated as most patients required multiple surgeries followed by long-term antifungal treatment. In selected cases, antifungal-impregnated cement spacer retention can be an optional choice. The overall success rate was 100% (25/25) for our cohort. Conclusion We concluded that patients with comorbidities and a history of multiple surgeries or long-term antibiotics are under higher risk for FOI. Use of mNGS assists the diagnosis and treatment of FOI. Surgery combined with long-term antifungal treatment achieved satisfactory outcomes. In selected cases, antifungal-impregnated cement spacer retention can be an optional treatment choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Stomatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changyu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zida Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guochang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Wenming Zhang,
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14
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Tang H, Xu J, Yuan W, Wang Y, Yue B, Qu X. Reliable Diagnostic Tests and Thresholds for Preoperative Diagnosis of Non-Inflammatory Arthritis Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:2822-2836. [PMID: 36181336 PMCID: PMC9627080 DOI: 10.1111/os.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The current diagnostic criteria for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) are diverse and controversial, leading to delayed diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate and unify their diagnostic accuracy and the threshold selection of serum and synovial routine tests for PJI at an early stage. Methods We searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases for retrospective or prospective studies which reported preoperative‐available assays (serum, synovial, or culture tests) for the diagnosis of chronic PJI among inflammatory arthritis (IA) or non‐IA populations from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2022. Threshold effective analysis was performed on synovial polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN%), synovial white blood cell (WBC), serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to find the relevant cut‐offs. Results Two hundred and sixteen studies and information from 45,316 individuals were included in the final analysis. Synovial laboratory‐based α‐defensin and calprotectin had the best comprehensive sensitivity (0.91 [0.86–0.94], 0.95 [0.88–0.98]) and specificity (0.96 [0.94‐0.97], 0.95 [0.89–0.98]) values. According to the threshold effect analysis, the recommended cut‐offs are 70% (sensitivity 0.89 [0.85–0.92], specificity 0.90 [0.87–0.93]), 4100/μL (sensitivity 0.90 [0.87–0.93], specificity 0.97 [0.93–0.98]), 13.5 mg/L (sensitivity 0.84 [0.78–0.89], specificity 0.83 [0.73–0.89]), and 30 mm/h (sensitivity 0.79 [0.74–0.83], specificity 0.78 [0.72–0.83]) for synovial PMN%, synovial WBC, serum CRP, and ESR, respectively, and tests seem to be more reliable among non‐IA patients. Conclusions The laboratory‐based synovial α‐defensin and synovial calprotectin are the two best independent preoperative diagnostic tests for PJI. A cut off of 70% for synovial PMN% and tighter cut‐offs for synovial WBC and serum CRP could have a better diagnostic accuracy for non‐IA patients with chronic PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozheng Tang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialian Xu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei'en Yuan
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhua Qu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Zhang Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhao R, Lv X, Wei X, Zhou K. Nasal and cutaneous mucormycosis in two patients with lymphoma after chemotherapy and target therapy: Early detection by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:960766. [PMID: 36189372 PMCID: PMC9524479 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.960766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucormycosis is a conditionally pathogenic fungal disease with high morbidity that mainly affects patients with decreased immunity. Diagnosis relies on the histopathological examination of microorganisms with the typical structure of mucormycetes in tissues and subsequent confirmation via culture. Early detection of causative microorganisms is critical to rapidly administer appropriately targeted antibiotics. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an innovative and sensitive technique used to identify pathogenic strains. Here we used mNGS to timely diagnose an infection with Lichtheimia ramosa and Mucor irregularis in two patients with hematologic malignancies; the infections manifested as nasal and cutaneous infections and developed after chemotherapy and small molecule targeted therapy. Following treatment with amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex, the symptoms were reduced significantly, and both patients obtained successful outcomes. Additionally, we searched and summarized the current medical literature on the successful diagnosis of mucormycosis using mNGS. These cases indicated that mNGS, a novel culture-independent method, is capable of rapid, sensitive, and accurate identification of pathogens. mNGS may be a complementary method for the early identification of mucormycosis, allowing for appropriate and timely antibiotic administration and thus improving patient outcomes.
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16
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Fang X, Cai Y, Chen X, Huang C, Lin Y, Huang Z, Zhang C, Huang Y, Li W, Zhang W. The role of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the pathogen detection of invasive osteoarticular infection. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:996-1001. [PMID: 35908720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyzed the pathogenic bacteria spectrum in invasive and primary osteoarticular infection (IOI and POI), and compared the pathogen detection rate of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and microbial culture in IOI and POI. METHODS The suspected POI and IOI cases from 2008 to 2021 were included. The diagnosis of POI or IOI were made by at least two orthopaedic surgeons, two infectious diseases specialist and one senior microbiologist. Demographic characteristics, microbial culture results and so on were recorded. The pathogenic bacteria spectrum in IOI and POI were analyzed and the ability of mNGS and microbial culture in pathogen detection in IOI and POI were compared. RESULTS There were 63 POI cases and 92 cases, the common pathogen in POI and IOI were both Staphylococcus aureus. There are more cases with negative microbial culture results and multiple infections in IOI, and many cases were caused by rare and fastidious bacteria. The introduction of the mNGS could significantly increase the pathogen detection rate to 92.39% in IOI, which was 8.69% higher than that of microbial culture (P=0.007), while the improvement in POI was limited to about 2%. CONCLUSIONS mNGS was an ideal tool for IOI pathogen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuanqing Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Quanzhou First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Changyu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Yiming Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Zida Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Tan J, Liu Y, Ehnert S, Nüssler AK, Yu Y, Xu J, Chen T. The Effectiveness of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:875822. [PMID: 35755833 PMCID: PMC9226560 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.875822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication following total joint arthroplasties with poor prognosis. Identifying an accurate and prompt diagnostic method is particularly important for PJI. Recently, the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in detecting PJI has attracted much attention, while the evidence of its accuracy is quite limited. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of mNGS for the diagnosis of PJI. Methods We summarized published studies to identify the potential diagnostic value of mNGS for PJI patients by searching online databases using keywords such as “prosthetic joint infection”, “PJI”, and “metagenomic sequencing”. Ten of 380 studies with 955 patients in total were included. The included studies provided sufficient data for the completion of 2-by-2 tables. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the SROC curve (AUC) to evaluate mNGS for PJI diagnosis. Results We found that the pooled diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of mNGS for PJI were 0.93 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.97) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92 to 0.97), respectively. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 18.3 (95% CI, 10.9 to 30.6) and 0.07 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.18), respectively. The area under the curve was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.93 to 0.97). Conclusion Metagenomic next-generation sequencing displays high accuracy in the diagnosis of PJI, especially for culture-negative cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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18
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Zhang CF, Fang XY, Huang ZD, Bai GC, Zhang ZY, Yang Y, Zhang ZJ, Li WB, Zhang WM. Surgical Management for Chronic Destructive Septic Hip Arthritis: Debridement, Antibiotics, and Single-Stage Replacement is as Effective as Two-Stage Arthroplasty. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:1175-1185. [PMID: 35583090 PMCID: PMC9163978 DOI: 10.1111/os.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the surgical outcomes of debridement, antibiotics, and single‐stage total hip replacement (DASR) vs two‐stage arthroplasty (two‐stage arthroplasty) for chronic destructive septic hip arthritis (SHA). Methods Cases of chronic destructive SHA treated by DASR or two‐stage arthroplasty in our department from January 2008 to October 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographic information, perioperative inflammation markers, intraoperative blood loss, microbial culture, and metagenomic new generation sequencing results were recorded. The perioperative complications, hospital stay, hospitalization cost, infection recurrence rate, and Harris Hip Score (HHS) at the last follow‐up were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 28 patients were included in the study, including 11 patients who received DASR and 17 patients who received two‐stage arthroplasty. There was no significant difference in demographic information, preoperative serum inflammatory markers, synovial fluid white blood cell count, or percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes between the two groups. The DASR group demonstrated significantly lower intraoperative blood loss [(368.2 ± 253.3) mL vs (638.2 ± 170.0) mL, p = 0.002], hospital stay [(22.6 ± 8.1) days vs (43.5 ± 13.2) days, p < 0.0001], and hospitalization expenses [(81,269 ± 11,496) RMB vs (137,524 ± 25,516) RMB, p < 0.0001] than the two‐stage arthroplasty group. In the DASR group, one patient had dislocation as a complication. There were no cases with recurrence of infection. In the two‐stage arthroplasty group, there was one case complicated with spacer fracture, one case with spacer dislocation, and one case with deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs. There were no cases with recurrence of infection. There were no significant differences in the readmission rate, complication rate, or HHS at the last follow‐up between the two groups. Conclusions Both DASR and two‐stage arthroplasty achieved a satisfactory infection cure rate and functional recovery for chronic destructive SHA, and DASR demonstrated significantly lower intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, and hospitalization costs than two‐stage arthroplasty. For appropriately indicated patients, if microbial data are available and a standardized debridement protocol is strictly followed, DASR can be a treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yu Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zi-da Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guo-Chang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Bo Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Xu H, Xie J, Zhang S, Wang D, Huang Z, Zhou Z. Potential Blood Biomarkers for Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040505. [PMID: 35453256 PMCID: PMC9030667 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood biomarkers are first-line tools for identifying periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). C-reactive protein (CRP) is currently recognized as the standard biomarker for PJI diagnosis. Other recently reported novel biomarkers, including plasma fibrinogen, platelet count, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet count/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), have also shown promise in diagnosing PJI. This study aimed to evaluate whether these biomarkers were superior to CRP for identifying PJI. Methods: Patients who underwent revision hip or knee arthroplasty at our hospital from January 2008 to September 2020 were included consecutively and divided into infected and non-infected groups according to the 2013 International Consensus Meeting Criteria. Blood samples were collected preoperatively, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), CRP, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, platelet count, MLR, NLR, and PLR were analyzed. The diagnostic values of the tested biomarkers and their combinations were compared with CRP based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) using the z-test. Classification trees were constructed to explore more accurate combinations of the tested markers for identifying PJI. Results: A total of 543 patients were included, of whom 245 had PJI. Among the tested biomarkers, CRP with a cutoff of 7.39 mg/L showed the highest AUC, which gave a sensitivity of 79.1% and specificity of 86.0%. The AUCs of pairwise combinations of tested markers including CRP also were inferior to CRP itself, as were combinations derived from classification trees. Conclusions: Preoperative serum CRP with a low cutoff may be the best reliable blood biomarker for identifying PJI, and those traditional or novel available blood biomarkers could not further improve the diagnostic ability on the basis of CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (H.X.); (J.X.); (S.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jinwei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (H.X.); (J.X.); (S.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Shaoyun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (H.X.); (J.X.); (S.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Duan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (H.X.); (J.X.); (S.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zeyu Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (H.X.); (J.X.); (S.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (H.X.); (J.X.); (S.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Cheok T, Smith T, Siddiquee S, Jennings MP, Jayasekera N, Jaarsma RL. Synovial fluid calprotectin performs better than synovial fluid polymerase chain reaction and interleukin-6 in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bone Joint J 2022; 104-B:311-320. [PMID: 35227091 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.104b3.bjj-2021-1320.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a challenge due to a lack of biomarkers that are both sensitive and specific. We investigated the performance characteristics of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), interleukin-6 (IL6), and calprotectin of synovial fluid in the diagnosis of PJI. METHODS We performed systematic search of PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Science Direct from the date of inception of each database through to 31 May 2021. Studies which described the diagnostic accuracy of synovial fluid PCR, IL6, and calprotectin using the Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria as the reference standard were identified. RESULTS Overall, 31 studies were identified: 20 described PCR, six described IL6, and five calprotectin. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67 to 0.86) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.99), respectively, for synovial PCR;, 0.86 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.92), and 0.94 (95% CI 0.90 to 0.96), respectively, for synovial IL6; and 0.94 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.98) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.97), respectively, for synovial calprotectin. Likelihood ratio scattergram analyses recommended clinical utility of synovial fluid PCR and IL6 as a confirmatory test only. Synovial calprotectin had utility in the exclusion and confirmation of PJI. CONCLUSION Synovial fluid PCR and IL6 had low sensitivity and high specificity in the diagnosis of PJI, and is recommended to be used as confirmatory test. In contrast, synovial fluid calprotectin had both high sensitivity and specificity with utility in both the exclusion and confirmation of PJI. We recommend use of synovial fluid calprotectin studies in the preoperative workup of PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(3):311-320.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Cheok
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, Australia
| | - Thomas Smith
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Shihab Siddiquee
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew P Jennings
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, Australia
| | - Narlaka Jayasekera
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, Australia
| | - Ruurd L Jaarsma
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Bedford Park, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedic Sugery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
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21
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Miller S, Chiu C. The Role of Metagenomics and Next-Generation Sequencing in Infectious Disease Diagnosis. Clin Chem 2021; 68:115-124. [PMID: 34969106 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for pathogen detection is becoming increasingly available as a method to identify pathogens in cases of suspected infection. mNGS analyzes the nucleic acid content of patient samples with high-throughput sequencing technologies to detect and characterize microorganism DNA and/or RNA. This unbiased approach to organism detection enables diagnosis of a broad spectrum of infection types and can identify more potential pathogens than any single conventional test. This can lead to improved ability to diagnose patients, although there remains concern regarding contamination and detection of nonclinically significant organisms. CONTENT We describe the laboratory approach to mNGS testing and highlight multiple considerations that affect diagnostic performance. We also summarize recent literature investigating the diagnostic performance of mNGS assays for a variety of infection types and recommend further studies to evaluate the improvement in clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of mNGS testing. SUMMARY The majority of studies demonstrate that mNGS has sensitivity similar to specific PCR assays and will identify more potential pathogens than conventional methods. While many of these additional organism detections correlate with the expected pathogen spectrum based on patient presentations, there are relatively few formal studies demonstrating whether these are true-positive infections and benefits to clinical outcomes. Reduced specificity due to contamination and clinically nonsignificant organism detections remains a major concern, emphasizing the importance of careful interpretation of the organism pathogenicity and potential association with the clinical syndrome. Further research is needed to determine the possible improvement in clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of mNGS testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Miller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles Chiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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22
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Edward P, Handel AS. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Infectious Disease Diagnosis: A Review of the Literature With a Focus on Pediatrics. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021; 10:S71-S77. [PMID: 34951466 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a novel tool for identifying microbial DNA and/or RNA in blood and other clinical specimens. In the face of increasingly complex patients and an ever-growing list of known potential pathogens, mNGS has been proposed as a breakthrough tool for unbiased pathogen identification. Studies have begun to explore the clinical applicability of mNGS in a variety of settings, including endocarditis, pneumonia, febrile neutropenia, osteoarticular infections, and returning travelers. The real-world impact of mNGS has also been assessed through retrospective studies, documenting varying degrees of success and limitations. In this review, we will explore current highlights of the clinical mNGS literature, with a focus on pediatric data where available. We aim to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of mNGS and to provide direction toward areas requiring further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Edward
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew S Handel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook Children's Hospital, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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23
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Tang Y, Zhao D, Wang S, Yi Q, Xia Y, Geng B. Diagnostic Value of Next-Generation Sequencing in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Systematic Review. Orthop Surg 2021; 14:190-198. [PMID: 34935279 PMCID: PMC8867422 DOI: 10.1111/os.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has developed rapidly in the last decade and is emerging as a promising diagnostic tool for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, its diagnostic value for PJI is still uncertain. This systematic review aimed to explore the diagnostic value of NGS for PJI and verify its accuracy for culture‐negative PJI patients. We conducted this systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify diagnostic technique studies evaluating the accuracy of NGS in the diagnosis of PJI. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were estimated for each article. The detection rate of NGS for culture‐negative PJI patients or PJI patients with antibiotic administration history was also calculated. Of the 87 identified citations, nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of NGS ranged from 63% to 96% and 73% to 100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values ranged from 71% to 100% and 74% to 95%, respectively. The detection rate of NGS for culture‐negative PJI patients in six studies was higher than 50% (range from 82% to 100%), while in three studies it was lower than 50% (range from 9% to 31%). Also, the detection rate of NGS for PJIs with antibiotic administration history ranged from 74.05% to 92.31%. In conclusion, this systematic review suggests that NGS may have the potential to be a new tool for the diagnosis of PJI and should be considered to be added to the portfolio of diagnostic procedures. Furthermore, NGS showed a favorable diagnostic accuracy for culture‐negative PJI patients or PJI patients with antibiotic administration history. However, due to the small sample sizes of studies and substantial heterogeneity among the included studies, more research is needed to confirm or disprove these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Orthopaedic Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dacheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Orthopaedic Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shenghong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Orthopaedic Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Orthopaedic Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Orthopaedic Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Orthopaedic Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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24
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Chen H, Li J, Yan S, Sun H, Tan C, Liu M, Liu K, Zhang H, Zou M, Xiao X. Identification of pathogen(s) in infectious diseases using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and conventional culture: a comparative study. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11699. [PMID: 34249516 PMCID: PMC8253115 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early and accurate diagnosis of microorganism(s) is important to optimize antimicrobial therapy. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing technology, an unbiased and comprehensive method for pathogen identification, seems to potentially assist or even replace conventional microbiological methodology in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, evidence in clinical application of this platform is relatively limited. Methods To evaluate the capability of shotgun metagenomic sequencing technology in clinical practice, both shotgun metagenomic sequencing and conventional culture were performed in the PCR-positive body fluid specimens of 20 patients with suspected infection. The sequenced data were then analyzed for taxonomic identification of microbes and antibiotic resistance gene prediction using bioinformatics pipeline. Results Shotgun metagenomic sequencing results showed a concordance of 17/20 compared with culture results in bacterial detection, and a concordance of 20/20 compared with culture results in fungal detection. Besides, drug-resistant types annotated from antibiotic resistance genes showed much similarity with antibiotic classes identified by susceptibility tests, and more than half of the specimens had consistent drug types between shotgun metagenomic sequencing and culture results. Conclusions Pathogen identification and antibiotic resistance gene prediction by shotgun metagenomic sequencing identification had the potential to diagnose microorganisms in infectious diseases, and it was especially helpful for multiple microbial co-infections and for the cases where standard culture approached failed to identify microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Medicine & Department of Hematology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Yan
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuyi Tan
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meidong Liu
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingxiang Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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25
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Li N, Cai Q, Miao Q, Song Z, Fang Y, Hu B. High-Throughput Metagenomics for Identification of Pathogens in the Clinical Settings. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:2000792. [PMID: 33614906 PMCID: PMC7883231 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The application of sequencing technology is shifting from research to clinical laboratories owing to rapid technological developments and substantially reduced costs. However, although thousands of microorganisms are known to infect humans, identification of the etiological agents for many diseases remains challenging as only a small proportion of pathogens are identifiable by the current diagnostic methods. These challenges are compounded by the emergence of new pathogens. Hence, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), an agnostic, unbiased, and comprehensive method for detection, and taxonomic characterization of microorganisms, has become an attractive strategy. Although many studies, and cases reports, have confirmed the success of mNGS in improving the diagnosis, treatment, and tracking of infectious diseases, several hurdles must still be overcome. It is, therefore, imperative that practitioners and clinicians understand both the benefits and limitations of mNGS when applying it to clinical practice. Interestingly, the emerging third-generation sequencing technologies may partially offset the disadvantages of mNGS. In this review, mainly: a) the history of sequencing technology; b) various NGS technologies, common platforms, and workflows for clinical applications; c) the application of NGS in pathogen identification; d) the global expert consensus on NGS-related methods in clinical applications; and e) challenges associated with diagnostic metagenomics are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Infectious DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc.Zhejiang317317China
| | - Qing Miao
- Department of Infectious DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Zeshi Song
- Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc.Zhejiang317317China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc.Zhejiang317317China
| | - Bijie Hu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
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26
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Baldan R, Sendi P. Precision Medicine in the Diagnosis and Management of Orthopedic Biofilm Infections. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:580671. [PMID: 33240905 PMCID: PMC7683765 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.580671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthopedic biofilm infections are difficult to treat and require a multidisciplinary approach to diagnostics and management. Recent advances in the field include methods to disrupt biofilm, sequencing tools, and antibiotic susceptibility tests for bacteria residing in biofilm. The observation of interclonal differences in biofilm properties of the causative microorganisms, together with considerations of comorbidities and polypharmacy in a growing aging population, calls for a personalized approach to treat these infections. In this article, we highlight aspects of precision medicine that may open new perspectives in the diagnosis and management of orthopedic biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Baldan
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Parham Sendi
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Centre for Musculoskeletal Infections, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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