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Savas S, Saricam M. Rapid method for detection of Vibrio cholerae from drinking water with nanomaterials enhancing electrochemical biosensor. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 216:106862. [PMID: 38030087 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Cholera is a potentially fatal diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae and is spread to humans from contaminated food and water. In order to prevent spread of epidemic chlorea, the development of novel sensitive, selective, user-friendly, cost-effective and rapid detection systems to detect of V. cholerae are necessary. Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to develop a specific, electrochemical immunoassay with high selectivitiy and sensitivity for detection of V. cholerae from drinking water using in house synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs). The synthesized AuNPs were characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical techniques were applied to confirm the succesful fabrication of the immunosensor. Also, this study focuses on the development of an antibody sensor for V. cholerae detection using a standard immunoassay without using nanoparticle. To accomplish that, in house spherical synthesized AuNPs at various sizes were synthesized, conjugated with secondary antibody-horseradish peroxidase enzyme (HRP) complex and their possible effect on the lowest detection limit of V. cholerae was investigated in comparison to commercially available AuNPs. The AuNPs-immunosensor on the results enabled the quantification of V. cholerae in a wide concentration range with a high sensitivity limit of detection (1 Colony-Forming Units/Milliliter) and specificity. Although the effect of 33 and 54 nm AuNPs on the process is close to each other, it has been observed that there is a 34% loss of efficiency when the size of the nanoparticle increases. With this study, a novel V. cholerae specific immunosensor was developed and the effects of in house synthesized AuNPs with various diameter on this developed biosensor were investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyra Savas
- Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Medical School, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bandirma, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - Melike Saricam
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Life Sciences Vice Presidency, CBRN Defense Technologies Research Group, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Igere BE, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Atypical and dual biotypes variant of virulent SA-NAG-Vibrio cholerae: an evidence of emerging/evolving patho-significant strain in municipal domestic water sources. ANN MICROBIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-021-01661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction and purpose
The recent cholera spread, new cases, and fatality continue to arouse concern in public health systems; however, interventions on control is at its peak yet statistics show continuous report. This study characterized atypical and patho-significant environmental Vibrio cholerae retrieved from ground/surface/domestic water in rural-urban-sub-urban locations of Amathole District municipality and Chris Hani District municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
Methods
Domestic/surface water was sampled and 759 presumptive V. cholerae isolates were retrieved using standard microbiological methods. Virulence phenotypic test: toxin co-regulated pili (tcp), choleragen red, protease production, lecithinase production, and lipase test were conducted. Serotyping using polyvalent antisera (Bengal and Ogawa/Inaba/Hikojima) and molecular typing: 16SrRNA, OmpW, serogroup (Vc-O1/O139), biotype (tcpAClas/El Tor, HlyAClas/El Tor, rstRClas/El Tor, RS1, rtxA, rtxC), and virulence (ctxA, ctxB, zot, ace, cep, prt, toxR, hlyA) genes were targeted.
Result
Result of 16SrRNA typing confirmed 508 (66.9%) while OmpW detected/confirmed 61 (12.01%) V. cholerae strains. Phenotypic-biotyping scheme showed positive test to polymyxin B (68.9%), Voges proskauer (6.6%), and Bengal serology (11.5%). Whereas Vc-O1/O139 was negative, yet two of the isolates harbored the cholera toxin with a gene-type ctxB and hlyAClas: 2/61, revealing atypical/unusual/dual biotype phenotypic/genotypic features. Other potential atypical genotypes detected include rstR: 7/61, Cep: 15/61, ace: 20/61, hlyAElTor: 53/61, rtxA: 30/61, rtxC: 11/61, and prtV: 15/61 respectively.
Conclusion
Although additional patho-significant/virulent genotypes associated with epidemic/sporadic cholera cases were detected, an advanced, bioinformatics, and post-molecular evaluation is necessary. Such stride possesses potential to adequately minimize future cholera cases associated with dynamic/atypical environmental V. cholerae strains.
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Wang Y, Li H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Xu J, Ye C. Nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor combined with multiple cross displacement amplification for rapid, visual and sensitive detection of Vibrio cholerae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 364:4636548. [PMID: 29155937 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is an important human pathogen that is responsible for cholera, a severe acute watery diarrhea. In the current study, a multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) coupled with amplicon detection by chromatographic lateral flow biosensor (LFB) method (MCDA-LFB) was successfully established and evaluated for the identification of V. cholerae. A set of 10 primers was designed specifically to recognize 10 different regions of the V. cholerae-specific gene ompW. The optimized time and temperature conditions for the MCDA were 30 min and 63°C, respectively. The MCDA-LFB assay correctly identified 31 strains of V. cholerae but did not detect 13 non-cholerae Vibrio strains and 30 non-Vibrio strains. The sensitivity of MCDA-LFB for target pathogen detection in pure culture was 10 fg per reaction. In the case of spiked shrimp samples without enrichment, the limit of detection was 4.1 CFUs per reaction or equivalent to 4.1 × 102 CFU g-1. The whole process, including shrimp homogenates processing (30 min), MCDA reaction (30 min) and results reporting (2 min), could be finished within 65 min. These results show that this assay is suitable for the rapid, sensitive and specific detection of V. cholerae in food, environmental and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Microbiology, GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR, China
| | - Changyun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR, China
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Kim EJ, Lee D, Moon SH, Lee CH, Kim SJ, Lee JH, Kim JO, Song M, Das B, Clemens JD, Pape JW, Nair GB, Kim DW. Molecular insights into the evolutionary pathway of Vibrio cholerae O1 atypical El Tor variants. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004384. [PMID: 25233006 PMCID: PMC4169478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pandemic V. cholerae strains in the O1 serogroup have 2 biotypes: classical and El Tor. The classical biotype strains of the sixth pandemic, which encode the classical type cholera toxin (CT), have been replaced by El Tor biotype strains of the seventh pandemic. The prototype El Tor strains that produce biotype-specific cholera toxin are being replaced by atypical El Tor variants that harbor classical cholera toxin. Atypical El Tor strains are categorized into 2 groups, Wave 2 and Wave 3 strains, based on genomic variations and the CTX phage that they harbor. Whole-genome analysis of V. cholerae strains in the seventh cholera pandemic has demonstrated gradual changes in the genome of prototype and atypical El Tor strains, indicating that atypical strains arose from the prototype strains by replacing the CTX phages. We examined the molecular mechanisms that effected the emergence of El Tor strains with classical cholera toxin-carrying phage. We isolated an intermediary V. cholerae strain that carried two different CTX phages that encode El Tor and classical cholera toxin, respectively. We show here that the intermediary strain can be converted into various Wave 2 strains and can act as the source of the novel mosaic CTX phages. These results imply that the Wave 2 and Wave 3 strains may have been generated from such intermediary strains in nature. Prototype El Tor strains can become Wave 3 strains by excision of CTX-1 and re-equipping with the new CTX phages. Our data suggest that inter-chromosomal recombination between 2 types of CTX phages is possible when a host bacterial cell is infected by multiple CTX phages. Our study also provides molecular insights into population changes in V. cholerae in the absence of significant changes to the genome but by replacement of the CTX prophage that they harbor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Moon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sang Jun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Ouk Kim
- Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Manki Song
- Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bhabatosh Das
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - John D. Clemens
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jean William Pape
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
- Les Centres GHESKIO, Port-au-Prince, Haïti
| | - G. Balakrish Nair
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Development and evaluation of a highly sensitive immunochromatographic strip test using gold nanoparticle for direct detection of Vibrio cholerae O139 in seafoodsamples. Biosens Bioelectron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mohapatra SS, Mantri CK, Turabe Fazil MHU, Singh DV. Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor strains isolated in 1992 from Varanasi, India harboured El Tor CTXΦ and classical ctxB on the chromosome-I and classical CTXΦ and classical ctxB on the chromosome-II. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2011; 3:783-790. [PMID: 23761370 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00287.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the presence of the El Tor CTXΦ and classical CTXΦ in Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from Varanasi, India. Polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism revealed that, although ctx-positive strains isolated after 1990 contain CTXΦ harbouring El Tor type of rstR and classical ctxB, strains isolated before 1990 contain El Tor type of rstR and El Tor ctxB. Two V. cholerae O1 strains (VC104 and VC106) represent an altered/hybrid strain containing the RS1 element followed by CTXΦ prophage harbouring El Tor type rstR and classical ctxB on the chromosome-I and RS2 element followed by second copy of CTXΦ prophage harbouring classical type rstR and classical ctxB on the chromosome-II. This is the first report of occurrence of El Tor CTXΦ harbouring classical ctxB and classical CTXΦ harbouring classical ctxB in chromosome-I and -II, respectively in diarrhoeal isolates of V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains from Varanasi, India, and that had been isolated in 1992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswat S Mohapatra
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar-751023, India
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