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Yamamoto K, Tsujimura Y, Ato M. Catheter-associated Mycobacterium intracellulare biofilm infection in C3HeB/FeJ mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17148. [PMID: 37816786 PMCID: PMC10564925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-tuberculosis mycobacterial (NTM) diseases are steadily increasing in prevalence and mortality worldwide. Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare, the two major pathogens of NTM diseases, are resistant to antibiotics, and chlorine, necessitating their capacity to survive in natural environments (e.g. soil and rivers) and disinfected municipal water. They can also form biofilms on artificial surfaces to provide a protective barrier and habitat for bacilli, which can cause refractory systemic disseminated NTM disease. Therefore, preventing biofilm formation by these pathogens is crucial; however, not many in vivo experimental systems and studies on NTM biofilm infection are available. This study develops a mouse model of catheter-associated systemic disseminated disease caused by M. intracellulare that reproduces the pathophysiology of catheter-associated infections observed in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. In addition, the bioluminescence system enabled noninvasive visualization of the amount and distribution of bacilli in vivo and conveniently examine the efficacy of antimicrobials. Furthermore, the cellulose-based biofilms, which were extensively formed in the tissue surrounding the catheter insertion site, reduced drug therapy effectiveness. Overall, this study provides insights into the cause of the drug resistance of NTM and may guide the development of new therapies for NTM diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yamamoto
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Aoba-cho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Tsujimura
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Aoba-cho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Ato
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Aoba-cho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
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Singh A, Gupta AK, Singh S. Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Role of Nanoparticles Against Multi-drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9898-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Singh A, Kumar Gupta A, Gopinath K, Sharma P, Singh S. Evaluation of 5 Novel protein biomarkers for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: preliminary results. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44121. [PMID: 28337993 PMCID: PMC5364505 DOI: 10.1038/srep44121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Improved methods are required for the early and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially in the patients with smear-negative disease. Several biomarkers have been tried but most have shown poor sensitivity or specificity. In present study we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of five novel antigens identified earlier by us. This is an initial study conducted on 250 subjects. The five recombinant antigens, named as rSS1 (Rv2145c), rSS2 (Rv0164), rSS3 (Rv1437), rSS4 (Rv1827) and rSS5 (Rv2970c), were expressed in pQE-30 expression vector, purified and their sero-diagnostic efficacy was evaluated in an unblinded manner using dot-blot and ELISA methods. The sensitivity and specificity of these novel antigens were compared with commercially available standard esat6 and 38 kDa antigens. Bacteriologically confirmed TB patients, non-TB disease controls and healthy individuals were included. which are based on novel antigen or novel technology, Area under curve (AUC) of the selected antigens were 0.98 (0.98-0.99) for rSS1, 0.88 (0.84-0.92) for rSS2, 0.88 (0.84-0.92) for rSS3, 0.95 (0.93-0.98) for rSS4 and 0.99 (0.98-1.0) for rSS5. Receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curve showed highly significant difference between TB and healthy subjects (p = <0.001). These initial findings, show that the recombinant antigens rSS1, rSS4 and rSS5 could be used as highly potential biomarkers for the serological diagnosis of active TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Gupta
- Division of Clinical Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Gopinath
- Division of Clinical Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Sharma
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarman Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Rufai SB, Singh S, Singh A, Kumar P, Singh J, Vishal A. Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF on Ascitic Fluid Samples for Detection of Abdominal Tuberculosis. J Lab Physicians 2017; 9:47-52. [PMID: 28042217 PMCID: PMC5015498 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2727.187927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) from ascitic fluid samples using routinely available diagnostic methods is challenging due to its paucibacillary nature. Although performance of Xpert MTB/RIF assay has been evaluated extensively on pulmonary samples, its performance on extrapulmonary samples is still under evaluation. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to find out the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF on ascitic fluid samples obtained from suspected cases of abdominal TB. Performance was compared with Mycobacterium growth indicator tube-960 (MGIT-960) culture and in-house multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The latter detects and differentiates Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria simultaneously. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-seven patients suspected of probable/possible abdominal TB were included in this observational, prospective study. All samples were tested by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, MGIT-960 culture, in-house multiplex PCR, and Xpert MTB/RIF assay. RESULTS All 67 samples were smear negative. Seventeen (25.4%) were MGIT-960 culture positive while 12 (17.9%) were detected positive by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay and 9 (13.4%) by in-house multiplex PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay compared with the MGIT-960 culture were 70.6% (95%, confidence interval [CI]: 44.1-89.7) and 100% (95%, CI: 92.8-100) and that of in-house multiplex PCR were 52.9% (95%, CI: 30.9-73.8) and 100% (95%, CI: 92.8-100), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic yield of Xpert MTB/RIF assay on ascitic fluid samples was lower than MGIT-960 culture. We thus emphasize on the need for urgent discovery of new biomarkers for paucibacillary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Beenish Rufai
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarman Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Address for correspondence: Prof. Sarman Singh, E-mail:
| | - Amit Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anand Vishal
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, PGIMER, New Delhi, India
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Singh J, Sankar MM, Kumar P, Couvin D, Rastogi N, Singh S. Genetic diversity and drug susceptibility profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from different regions of India. J Infect 2015; 71:207-19. [PMID: 25934327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Molecular genotyping profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) provide a valuable insight into the evolution and transmission of the bacilli. Due to the lack of comprehensive national level data from India on this subject, we performed this study to determine the recent trends and distribution of various MTB lineages circulating in India. METHODS A total of 628 MTB isolates were obtained from North, West, South, Central and Eastern India. Spoligotyping and drug susceptibility testing was performed by using manufacturer's instructions. RESULTS Spoligotyping detected 102 distinct spoligo-patterns. A total of 536 (85.3%) isolates were distributed into 85 SITs which matched the pre-existing database, whereas 17 SITs were newly created for 34 (5.4%) isolates. Overall, CAS family genotype was predominant, comprising 222 (35.4%) isolates, followed by EAI in 152 (24.2%), Beijing in 108 (17.2%), Manu in 41 (6.5%), T in 30 (4.8%), H in 6 (0.9%), X in 3 (0.5%) and one (0.2%) each in Ural and AFRI. Drug susceptibility testing identified 134 (21.3%) isolates as multi drug resistant (MDR). CONCLUSIONS The CAS lineage had a pan India presence but EAI lineage was confined to southern parts of India. Beijing genotype of MTB was significantly associated (p-value <0.0001) with MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manimuthu Mani Sankar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - David Couvin
- WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Institute Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Nalin Rastogi
- WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Institute Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Sarman Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Singh S. Early detection of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in India using GenoType MTBDRplus assay & profile of resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indian J Med Res 2014; 140:477-9. [PMID: 25488439 PMCID: PMC4277131 DOI: pmid/25488439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarman Singh
- Division of Clinial Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
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Rufai SB, Kumar P, Singh A, Prajapati S, Balooni V, Singh S. Comparison of Xpert MTB/RIF with line probe assay for detection of rifampin-monoresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:1846-52. [PMID: 24648554 PMCID: PMC4042801 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03005-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The MTBDRplus line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert MTB/RIF have been endorsed by the World Health Organization for the rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, there is no clarity regarding the superiority of one over the other. In a double-blinded prospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of the Xpert MTB/RIF on samples that were first tested by LPA under the revised national tuberculosis control program of India. A total of 405 sputum samples from suspected drug-resistant tuberculosis patients were included. Of these, 285 smear-positive samples were subjected to LPA. Seventy-two (25.8%) samples showed multidrug resistance, 62 (22.2%) showed rifampin monoresistance, 29 (10.3%) showed isoniazid monoresistance, and 116 (41.5%) were pan-susceptible. Six (2.1%) of the samples gave invalid results. Of the 62 rifampin-monoresistant samples by LPA, 38 (61.4%) showed rifampin resistance, while 21 (33.8%) were found susceptible to rifampin by Xpert MTB/RIF using cartridge version G4. Three (4.8%) samples gave an error. Of the 116 pan-susceptible samples, only 83 were available for Xpert MTB/RIF testing; 4 (5.1%) were rifampin resistant, 74 (94.8%) were susceptible, and 5 (6.0%) showed an error. The 25 discrepant samples were further subjected to MGIT960 drug susceptibility testing. The MGIT960 results showed 100% agreement with LPA results but only 64.4% agreement with Xpert MTB/RIF results. Sequencing analysis of discrepant samples showed 91.3% concordance with LPA but only 8.7% concordance with the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. These findings indicate that by using Xpert MTB/RIF testing we might be underestimating the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis and indicate that country-specific probes need to be designed to increase the sensitivity of the Xpert MTB/RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Beenish Rufai
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Suneel Prajapati
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Veena Balooni
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarman Singh
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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