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SARS-CoV-2 Supply Shortages and Tuberculosis Diagnostics: Current Issues Requiring Immediate Solutions. J Clin Microbiol 2021; 59:e0077821. [PMID: 34586893 PMCID: PMC8601221 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00778-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has strained manufacturing capacity worldwide, resulting in significant shortages of laboratory supplies both directly and indirectly. Such shortages include probe-based kits for detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from positive liquid broth cultures. These shortages and possible loss of this particular assay have consequences for laboratory testing algorithms and public health in the United States. As there are no FDA-approved, commercially available options that currently exist which could immediately fill this gap, laboratories must identify alternatives and plan for modifying current testing algorithms to accommodate this change.
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Strike TB, Feltrer Y, Flach E, Macgregor SK, Guillaume S. Investigation and management of an outbreak of multispecies mycobacteriosis in Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus fosteri) including the use of triple antibiotic treatment. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:557-570. [PMID: 27453998 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Disease due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is common in fish. Current recommendations focus on outbreak management by depopulating entire fish stocks and disinfecting tanks. Treatment is not advocated. Treatment may be appropriate, however, where individual, valuable fish are concerned. ZSL London Zoo managed an outbreak of mycobacteriosis in a valuable group of imported F1 captive-bred Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus fosteri) by depopulation, isolation, extensive testing and daily oral antibiotic treatment. Four species of Mycobacterium (M. marinum, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae and M. peregrinum) were involved in this outbreak, each with unique antibiotic sensitivities. Triple therapy with rifampicin, doxycycline and enrofloxacin for 8 months was the most effective antibiotic combination, resulting in full disease resolution. No side effects were noted and, more than 18 months post-treatment, no recurrence had occurred. This is the first report of mycobacterial disease in lungfish and the first report of a polymycobacterial outbreak in fish involving these four species of Mycobacterium. This report demonstrates the value of extensive isolation and identification. Also, as therapies currently advised in standard texts did not reflect the antibiotic sensitivity of the NTM found in the fish reported here, we recommend that antibiotic treatment should always be based on sensitivity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Strike
- London Zoo Veterinary Department, Zoological Society of London (ZSL), London, UK
| | - Y Feltrer
- London Zoo Veterinary Department, Zoological Society of London (ZSL), London, UK
| | - E Flach
- London Zoo Veterinary Department, Zoological Society of London (ZSL), London, UK
| | - S K Macgregor
- London Zoo Veterinary Department, Zoological Society of London (ZSL), London, UK
| | - S Guillaume
- London Zoo Aquarium, Zoological Society of London (ZSL), London, UK
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A polyaniline-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as a redox nanoprobe in a voltammetric DNA biosensor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kuan CS, Chan CL, Yew SM, Toh YF, Khoo JS, Chong J, Lee KW, Tan YC, Yee WY, Ngeow YF, Ng KP. Genome Analysis of the First Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Malaysia Provides Insights into the Genetic Basis of Its Biology and Drug Resistance. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131694. [PMID: 26110649 PMCID: PMC4481353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has become an increasing problem in many TB-burdened countries. The underlying drug resistance mechanisms, including the genetic variation favored by selective pressure in the resistant population, are partially understood. Recently, the first case of XDR-TB was reported in Malaysia. However, the detailed genotype family and mechanisms of the formation of multiple drugs resistance are unknown. We sequenced the whole genome of the UM 1072388579 strain with a 2-kb insert-size library and combined with that from previously sequenced 500-bp-insert paired-end reads to produce an improved sequence with maximal sequencing coverage across the genome. In silico spoligotyping and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that UM 1072388579 strain belongs to an ancestral-like, non-Beijing clade of East Asia lineage. This is supported by the presence of a number of lineage-specific markers, including fadD28, embA, nuoD and pks7. Polymorphism analysis showed that the drug-susceptibility profile is correlated with the pattern of resistance mutations. Mutations in drug-efflux pumps and the cell wall biogenesis pathway such as mmpL, pks and fadD genes may play an important role in survival and adaptation of this strain to its surrounding environment. In this work, fifty-seven putative promoter SNPs were identified. Among them, we identified a novel SNP located at -4 T allele of TetR/acrR promoter as an informative marker to recognize strains of East Asian lineage. Our work indicates that the UM 1072388579 harbors both classical and uncommon SNPs that allow it to escape from inhibition by many antibiotics. This study provides a strong foundation to dissect the biology and underlying resistance mechanisms of the first reported XDR M. tuberculosis in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Sian Kuan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chai Ling Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Su Mei Yew
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yue Fen Toh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia-Shiun Khoo
- Codon Genomics SB, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Chong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Wei Lee
- Codon Genomics SB, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yung-Chie Tan
- Codon Genomics SB, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Yan Yee
- Codon Genomics SB, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yun Fong Ngeow
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kee Peng Ng
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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