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Lou Y, Hong S, Li W. A Qualitative Study Investigating Health Care Professionals' Views on Barriers to Integrating Physical Activity Into Mild Cognitive Impairment/Dementia Care. J Aging Phys Act 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39374916 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate health care professionals' (HCPs) views on barriers to integrating physical activity (PA) into mild cognitive impairment/dementia care. Semistructured online interviews form 16 HCPs were completed between November 2022 and December 2022. Data were subjected to thematic analysis and were later mapped deductively to the Theoretical Domains Framework. Four themes were identified: (1) "Dementia-inclusive infrastructure or PA recommendations have not yet been systematically developed and implemented;" (2) "Roles and challenges of the multidisciplinary team;" (3) "HCPs believe that patients' PA participation is influenced by their disease or individual factors;" and (4) "HCPs' thoughts on current practice and opinions." Deductive mapping of these themes revealed that 13 of the 14 Theoretical Domains Framework domains influenced it. Integrating PA into mild cognitive impairment/dementia care is subject to several modifiable determinants. Policymakers should focus on improving the environmental context and resources to encourage PA in mild cognitive impairment/dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lou
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sixue Hong
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yang Y, Gao Y, An R, Wan Q. Barriers and facilitators to exercise adherence in community-dwelling older adults: A mixed-methods systematic review using the COM-B model and Theoretical Domains Framework. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 157:104808. [PMID: 38823146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the health benefits of exercise for older adults are widely recognized, physical inactivity is still common among older adults. Further clarification of the factors affecting exercise adherence is needed to develop more effective exercise interventions in community-dwelling older adults. OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to identify (1) barriers and facilitators of exercise adherence in community-dwelling older adults and (2) behavior change techniques (BCTs) and implementation strategies that are potentially effective in improving adherence. METHODS A total of eight databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and Scopus. Studies published from database inception to April 2023 were searched. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The Capabilities, Opportunities, Motivations, Behavior (COM-B) model and the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF) were used to identify potential barriers and facilitators. The BCTs were used to identify potential intervention implementation strategies. RESULTS A total of 64 studies were included, including 30 qualitative studies, 12 randomized controlled trials, 12 mixed methods studies, 6 quantitative descriptive studies, and 5 non-randomized trials. 54 factors influencing adherence and 38 potentially effective BCTs were identified from the included studies. The 38 BCTs were further categorized into 8 areas of implementation strategies (tailored exercise program, appropriate exercise environment, multidimensional social support, monitoring and feedback, managing emotional experiences and issues, participants education, enhancing self-efficacy, and exerting participants' autonomy). CONCLUSION This study identified 54 influential factors affecting exercise adherence and identified 8 areas of intervention strategies (containing 38 BCTs). Further refinement, evaluation, and validation of these factors and strategies are needed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Gao
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran An
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoqin Wan
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Hayes LD, Berry ECJ, Sanal-Hayes NEM, Sculthorpe NF, Buchan DS, Mclaughlin M, Munishankar S, Tolson D. Body Composition, Vascular Health, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Lung Function, Muscle Architecture, and Physical Activity in People with Young Onset Dementia: A Case-Control Study. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00551-5. [PMID: 39218054 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition, blood pressure, estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), lung function, physical activity, muscle architecture, and endothelial function had not previously been examined in people with young onset dementia. Therefore, the study measured these variables in a young onset dementia group, compared them to age-matched controls. METHODS Estimated VO2max (via the Astrand-Rhyming test), body composition, blood pressure, lung function (via spirometry), muscle architecture (via ultrasonography) and endothelial function (via flow mediated dilation) were assessed. Physical activity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers for 7 days. RESULTS We recruited 33 participants (16 young onset dementia, 17 controls). The young onset dementia group had shorter fascicle lengths of the vastus lateralis, were sedentary for longer over a seven-day period, and completed less moderate-vigorous physical activity than controls (p=0.028, d=0.81; large effect, p=0.029, d=0.54; moderate effect, and p=0.014, d=0.97; large effect, respectively for pairwise comparisons). Pairwise comparisons suggest no differences at the p<0.05 level between young onset dementia and controls for estimated VO2max (despite a moderate effect size [d=0.66]), height, body mass, BMI, blood pressure, light physical activity, lung function, muscle thickness, pennation angle, or endothelial function. CONCLUSION This study highlights differences between people with young onset dementia and controls, underscoring the need for multicomponent exercise interventions. Future interventions should target muscle architecture, increase moderate-vigorous physical activity, and reduce sedentariness, with the goal of improving quality of life and promoting functional independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence D Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Ethan C J Berry
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Nilihan E M Sanal-Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Nicholas F Sculthorpe
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Duncan S Buchan
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marie Mclaughlin
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute for Sport, P.E. and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Moray House School of Education and Sport, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ, UK
| | - Sowmya Munishankar
- Clydesdale CMHT and Young Onset Dementia Service, Clinical Director for Old Age Psychiatry, Foundation Programme Director W10, Enhanced Appraiser, NHS, Lanarkshire
| | - Debbie Tolson
- Alzheimer Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice, University of the West of Scotland
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López-Novis I, Marques-Sule E, Deka P, Dobarrio-Sanz I, Klompstra L, Hernández-Padilla JM. Exploring physical activity experiences of community-dwelling oldest-old adults with chronic multimorbidity: A qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39152567 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the physical activity experiences of community-dwelling oldest-old adults with chronic multimorbidity. DESIGN Descriptive qualitative study. METHOD Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 19 community-dwelling oldest-old adults with chronic multimorbidity. The study was conducted between December 2022 and May 2023. ATLAS.ti software was used for data analysis. RESULTS Three main themes with their respective sub-themes and units of meaning were developed from the data analysis: (1) motivational factors for engaging in physical activity; (2) fear of getting hurt during physical activity and (3) confidence in being physically active. CONCLUSION Motivation, kinesiophobia and confidence are three core elements that influence the experience of physical activity in oldest-old adults with chronic multimorbidity. Interventions tailored to meet the needs of the oldest-old adults are important for promotion and development of active ageing. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE Nurses and other healthcare professionals should design, implement and evaluate interventions that aim to increase oldest-old adults' motivation and confidence, while decreasing their fear to engage in physical activity. IMPACT This study provides insights into the way community-dwelling oldest-old adults with chronic multimorbidity experience physical activity in their daily lives. Our findings suggest that motivation, kinesiophobia and confidence are key factors for oldest-old adults to engage in physical activity. These findings could contribute to the design and implementation of interventions that specifically aim at raising the physical activity levels of community-dwelling oldest-old adults with chronic multimorbidity. REPORTING METHOD The study findings are reported according to the COREQ guidelines. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Marques-Sule
- Physiotherapy in Motion, Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pallav Deka
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Iria Dobarrio-Sanz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Leonie Klompstra
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - José Manuel Hernández-Padilla
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
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Veronese N, Soysal P, Barbagallo M, Shenkin SD, Quinn TJ. Commentary on: physical activity and exercise for mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a collaborative international guideline. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:99. [PMID: 38652380 PMCID: PMC11039492 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is an important, but potentially reversible risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There is literature about physical activity and exercise for the prevention and management of dementia and MCI, but this had not been previously synthesized into specific guidelines about this topic. A recent guideline on physical activity and exercise in MCI and dementia was published, authored by several international societies, including lay representatives. In this commentary, we discuss the implications of this guidance for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and lay representatives involved in the care of people with MCI and dementia.The guidelines highlight the importance of physical activity and exercise in cognitively healthy persons and for dementia and MCI, at different stages of these conditions. For primary prevention of dementia, physical activity may be suggested in cognitively healthy persons. In people with MCI, mind-body interventions, such as yoga, have the greatest evidence, whilst the role of physical activity and exercise requires more evidence from high-quality randomized controlled trials. In people living with moderately severe dementia, exercise may be useful for maintaining physical and cognitive function. There are benefits of physical activity and exercise separate from their impact on cognitive outcomes. The guidelines also proposed some questions for future research. In conclusion, there is limited evidence on the beneficial role of physical activity and exercise in preserving cognitive functions in subjects with normal cognition, MCI or dementia. The guidelines support the promotion of physical activity based on the beneficial effects on almost all facets of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, Palermo, 90127, Italy.
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Susan D Shenkin
- Ageing and Health, Usher Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Terence J Quinn
- NIHR Evidence Synthesis Group @Complex Review Support Unit, School of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Sánchez‐Sánchez JL, Izquierdo M, Sáez de Asteasu ML, Antón‐Rodrigo I, Galbete A, Álvarez‐Bustos A, Casas‐Herrero Á. Comment on "Effects of Vivifrail multicomponent intervention on functional capacity" by Casas-Herrero et al.-The authors reply. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:457-460. [PMID: 38044035 PMCID: PMC10834321 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Iván Antón‐Rodrigo
- Hospital of Eibar, OSI Debabarrena, OsakidetzaEibarSpain
- Grupo de Investigación en Atención Primaria, Biodonostia Institute of Health ResearchSan SebastianSpain
| | - Arkaitz Galbete
- Department of Health SciencesPublic University of NavarrePamplonaSpain
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
| | - Alejandro Álvarez‐Bustos
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Geriatric DepartmentHospital Universitario de GetafeMadridSpain
| | - Álvaro Casas‐Herrero
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Geriatric DepartmentHospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)PamplonaSpain
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Chen Y, Li Y, Li W, Tian Y, Yang H. Physical activity trajectories and their associations with health outcomes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a national cohort study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:15. [PMID: 38291179 PMCID: PMC10827827 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is a promising non-pharmacological intervention for this population. However, few studies have investigated their PA trajectories, influencing factors, and their relationship with health outcomes. AIMS The aim was to identify latent trajectories in PA and their determinants in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, as well as to assess the associations between PA trajectories and health outcomes based on the capability-opportunity-motivation behavior model. METHODS This is a cohort study. Data were obtained from a national cohort study and included participants aged 60 years and older with MCI or dementia. PA trajectories were identified using group-based trajectory modelling. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of PA trajectories. Linear regression models were used to assess the associations between PA trajectories and health outcomes. This study adhered to the STROBE checklist for reporting. RESULTS Three distinct PA trajectories were identified: high-decreasing and rebound class (9.34%), moderate-decreasing class (10.31%), and low-increasing class (80.34%). The logistic regression showed that age, sex, education level, body mass index, residence, depressive symptoms, mobility activities of daily life score, frequency of social activities score were PA predictors. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables, only the high-decreasing and rebound class remained significantly associated with worse self-rated health. DISCUSSION This study revealed three PA trajectories among older adults with MCI/dementia. Besides sociodemographic variables, addressing physical function and mental health, providing social support are vital for promoting PA in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Chen
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yao Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Tian
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.56, Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.56, Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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Chen Y, Li W, Yang H. Determinants of physical activity behavior among older adults with subjective cognitive decline based on the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model: mediating and moderating effects. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1338665. [PMID: 38264244 PMCID: PMC10805022 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1338665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background PA is vital for secondary prevention in older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), but their physical activity (PA) levels are low, and the underlying interaction pathways among associated factors are poorly understood. This study aims to identify mediating and moderating effects of determinants on PA behavior in older adults with SCD using the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model. Methods Following the STROBE checklist, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among 289 older adults with SCD. Path regression, mediation effects, and moderation effects were used to explore the associated factors of PA behavior and the associations among these variables. Results The prevalence of physical inactivity among older adults with SCD was high (40.3%). The path model fit indices were χ2/df = 1.145, GFI = 0.968, CFI = 0.988, and RMSEA = 0.022. Path regression revealed that frailty, physical and social support, PA motivation, and fall history had significant direct association with PA behavior. PA motivation not only partially mediates between frailty and PA behavior but also partially mediates between physical and social support and PA behavior. Additionally, fall history moderated the relationship between frailty and PA behavior. Conclusion PA behavior in older adults with SCD requires improvement. Healthcare professionals should devise more effective interventions to boost PA behavior by enhancing motivation. Screening for frailty and addressing fall history, while providing sufficient physical and social support, is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Chen
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- International Medical Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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