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Tolu-Bolaji OO, Sojinu SO, Okedere AP, Ajani OO. A review on the chemistry and pharmacological properties of benzodiazepine motifs in drug design. ARAB JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25765299.2022.2117677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka O. Tolu-Bolaji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Samuel O. Sojinu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adebola P. Okedere
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka O. Ajani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Muthuluri T, Chandrupatla SG, Rajan R, Reddy VV, Jhawar DK, Potturi A. Pre-emptive analgesia efficacy of piroxicam versus tramadol in oral surgery. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2022; 22:443-450. [PMID: 36601129 PMCID: PMC9763819 DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2022.22.6.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesia and anti-inflammatory efficacy of piroxicam compared with tramadol in patients undergoing oral surgery. Methods Seventy-eight patients who required extraction of impacted mandibular third molars were randomized into three treatment groups of 26 patients each: group I received 100 mg of tramadol, group II received 20 mg of piroxicam, and group III received a placebo. Drugs were administered intramuscularly 30 min prior to the extraction procedure. Results Pain intensity, time to first analgesic administration, total analgesic consumption, facial edema, and trismus were the outcomes of interest. The group receiving 20 mg of piroxicam showed significantly lower pain intensity, increased time to first analgesic, and reduced edema from preoperative to postoperative day seven than those in the tramadol and placebo groups. Conclusion The findings of this study showed that piroxicam had significant pain relief efficacy after third molar surgery compared with that in tramadol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejdeep Muthuluri
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, SVS Institute of Medical & Dental Sciences, Mehaboobnagar, TG, India
| | | | - Ritesh Rajan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, SVS Institute of Medical & Dental Sciences, Mehaboobnagar, TG, India
| | - Viveka V. Reddy
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, SVS Institute of Medical & Dental Sciences, Mehaboobnagar, TG, India
| | - Dinesh K. Jhawar
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, SVS Institute of Medical & Dental Sciences, Mehaboobnagar, TG, India
| | - Abhinand Potturi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, SVS Institute of Medical & Dental Sciences, Mehaboobnagar, TG, India
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Weckwerth GM, Dionísio TJ, Costa YM, Zupelari-Gonçalves P, Oliveira GM, Torres EA, Bonjardim LR, Faria FAC, Calvo AM, Moore T, Absher DM, Santos CF. Multifocal Analysis of Acute Pain After Third Molar Removal. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643874. [PMID: 33935738 PMCID: PMC8082138 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To analyze the pain modulation capacity profile in a Brazilian population, the relationship between opioid receptor (OPRM1) and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) 1polymorphisms and pain modulation capacity was determined through preoperative pain modulation tests and acute postoperative pain control evaluation, swelling, and trismus in 200 volunteers undergoing lower third molar removal. Methods: Psychologic and clinical parameters were measured. Patient DNA was sequenced for single nucleotide polymorphisms in OPRM1 and COMT, and the salivary concentration of interleukin (IL)-2 (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was evaluated. Primary outcomes were the influence of all predictors on the fluctuation of pain intensity using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and swelling and trismus on the 2nd and 7th postoperative days. Preoperative pain modulation capacity (CPM), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), body mass index (BMI), and surgery duration and difficulty were evaluated. Results: Salivary concentration of IFN-γ and IL-2 as well as the duration of surgery influenced the fluctuation of postoperative pain in the VAS, and in the sum of the differences in pain intensity test at 8, 48, and 96 h. BMI influenced swelling, while both BMI and COMT haplotype influenced trismus on the 2nd postoperative day. Conclusion: Polymorphisms in COMT, salivary concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ, BMI, and duration of surgery were predictors for pain fluctuation, swelling, and trismus on the 2nd day after lower third molar extraction. This therapy was effective in controlling inflammatory symptomatology after lower third molar extraction and ibuprofen was well tolerated by patients. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03169127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Maria Weckwerth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Yuri Martins Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Paulo Zupelari-Gonçalves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Moraes Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Elza Araújo Torres
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana Maria Calvo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Troy Moore
- Kailos Genetics Inc., HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States
| | | | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Martins-de-Barros AV, Barros AM, Siqueira AK, Lucena EE, Sette de Souza PH, Araújo FA. Is Dexamethasone superior to Ketorolac in reducing pain, swelling and trismus following mandibular third molar removal? A split mouth triple-blind randomized clinical trial. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021; 26:e141-e150. [PMID: 33247572 PMCID: PMC7980286 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.24088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The preemptive use of anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids and NSAIDs, has the potential to reduce pain, swelling and trismus following oral surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone and ketorolac tromethamine in reducing pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar removal.
Material and Methods The researches implemented a triple-blind, randomized clinical trial. The study was conducted with ASA I individuals aging between 18 and 35 years, which were randomized and submitted to two interventions, one with 8mg dexamethasone and the other with 20mg ketorolac tromethamine given 1h before the procedure. The primary predictor variable was the use of dexamethasone or ketorolac. The primary outcome variable was the postoperative pain level, measured with a Visual Analogue Scale. The secondary outcome variables were the amount of rescue analgesic consumed, swelling and trismus. Repeated-measures ANOVA and t-test for paired samples were used to compare the means. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results Fifty individuals were randomized and allocated to intervention, and the sample was composed of 40 subjects who completed the study (27 female and 13 male). Dexamethasone, when compared to ketorolac tromethamine, showed a significantly higher reduction in pain level at 8h, 16h, 24h, 32h, 40h and 72h, in swelling and trismus at 24h, 48h, 72h and 7 days and in total number of rescue analgesics taken up to 72h postoperative (p < 0.05).
Conclusions The clinical performance of dexamethasone in controlling pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar removal was superior to ketorolac tromethamine’s. Key words:Third Molar, anti-inflammatory agents, dexamethasone, ketorolac.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-V Martins-de-Barros
- Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz University of Pernambuco, Campus Santo Amaro Rua Arnóbio Marquês, 310 Santo Amaro, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Weckwerth GM, Dionísio TJ, Costa YM, Colombini-Ishiquiriama BL, Oliveira GM, Torres EA, Bonjardim LR, Calvo AM, Moore T, Absher DM, Santos CF. CYP450 polymorphisms and clinical pharmacogenetics of ibuprofen after lower third molar extraction. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 77:697-707. [PMID: 33205280 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-020-03046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study hypothesized that drugs accumulate in the bloodstream of poor-metabolizing patients and may have more adverse effects and different pain perceptions and aimed to investigate the influence of CYP450 polymorphisms on acute postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus controlled by ibuprofen (600 mg) in 200 volunteers after dental extraction. In addition, surgical outcomes can determine pain, edema, and trismus and indicate inflammatory reactions after oral surgeries. METHODS Genetic sequencing was performed to identify CYP450 polymorphisms and the surgical parameters evaluated: pre and postoperative swelling, trismus, and temperature; self-reported postoperative pain with visual analog scale (VAS); rescue medication consumed; and severity of adverse reactions. RESULTS A multiple linear regression model with independent variables [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), BMI (body mass index), duration, and difficulty of surgery] and dependent variables [postoperative pain by sum of pain intensity difference (SPID), trismus, and swelling] was used for analysis. The duration of surgery was a predictor for pain at 8 h and 96 h after surgery, and BMI was a predictor for both swelling and trismus on the 2nd postoperative day. When evaluating CYP2C8 and C9 genotyped SNPs, it was observed that normal metabolizers showed higher pain levels than the intermediate/poor metabolizers on the postoperative periods as compared with time 0 h. In another analysis, the poor metabolizers for CYP2C8 and C9 presented lower levels of postoperative pain after 8 h and used rescue medication earlier than normal metabolizers. CONCLUSION Ibuprofen 600 mg was very effective in controlling inflammatory pain after lower third molar surgeries, without relevant adverse reactions; although in a very subtle way, patients with poor metabolism had higher levels of pain in the first hours, and no longer after 8 h, and used pain relief medication earlier. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ID (NCT03169127), on March 16th, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana M Weckwerth
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago J Dionísio
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Yuri M Costa
- Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bella L Colombini-Ishiquiriama
- Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Community Health, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Oliveira
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Elza A Torres
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R Bonjardim
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Adriana M Calvo
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Troy Moore
- Kailos Genetics Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Devin M Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Carlos F Santos
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil.
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Mostafa GAE, Al-Dosseri AS, Al-Badr AA. Piroxicam. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2019; 45:199-474. [PMID: 32164968 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive profile of piroxicam including the nomenclatures, formulae, elemental composition, appearance, uses and applications. The methods which were utilized for the preparation of the drug substance and their respective schemes are outlined. The physical characteristics of the drug including the ionization constant, solubility, x-ray powder diffraction pattern, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal behavior and spectroscopic studies are described. The methods which were used for the analysis of the drug substance in bulk drug and/or in pharmaceutical formulations including the compendial, spectrophotometric, electrochemical and the chromatographic methods are reported. The stability, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, drug evaluation, comparison, in addition to compiled reviews on the drug substance are involved. Finally, more than four hundred and fifty references are listed at the end of this profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Al-Dosseri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Badr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Gamal M, Ali HM, Fraihat SM, Seaf Elnasr T. Simultaneous determination of piroxicam and norfloxacin in biological fluids by high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection at zero‐order emission mode. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 34:644-650. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of PharmacyJouf University P.O. Box 2014 Sakaka Aljouf Saudi Arabia
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of PharmacyBeni‐Suef University Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St. Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - Hazim M. Ali
- Chemistry Department, College of ScienceJouf University P.O. Box 2014 Sakaka Aljouf Saudi Arabia
- Forensic Chemistry DepartmentForensic Medicine Authority Egypt
| | - Safwan M. Fraihat
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceThe University of Jordan Amman Jordan
| | - T.A. Seaf Elnasr
- Chemistry Department, College of ScienceJouf University P.O. Box 2014 Sakaka Aljouf Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceAl‐Azhar University Assiut Egypt
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Abstract
Depending on the concentration of the drug and/or the method of administration, drugs could be used in various ways. To take full advantage of the drug beneficial properties in oral medical interventions but also in other types of surgery, like plastic surgery, general surgery, or gynecological surgery, the drug concentration as well as the administration method itself will depend on the wound, type of surgery, and severity of the postoperative pain which can be very different. Generally, the local administration methods are recommended. Piroxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the oxicam class, is generally used to relieve the symptoms of pain and inflammation. Starting from the idea of the special benefit of the interference between collagen-based materials and drug beneficial properties, our work was focused on the synthesis and characterization of new collagen-piroxicam materials. These new collagen-based materials present a good water absorption, and the piroxicam release suggests a biphasic drug release profile whereas the obtained values for the release exponent revealed a complex release mechanism including swelling, diffusion, and erosion.
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Tan Y, Li P. Bromelain has significant clinical benefits after extraction of the third molar during chemotherapy in patients with hematologic tumor. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:2962-2966. [PMID: 29435025 PMCID: PMC5778900 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of bromelain in the treatment of pain, swelling, and limited mouth opening in patients with hematologic tumor after extraction of the third molar during chemotherapy. We recruited 72 patients with hematologic tumor who were treated by oral and maxillofacial surgery in our hospital, and third molar extraction was performed under local anesthesia. After extraction, patients in the control group were treated with cold - hot compress and patients in the experimental group were treated by oral administration of bromelain. One, three, and seven days after extraction, pain, swelling, and mouth opening in the experimental group improved compared to the control group. Additionally, the levels of IL-25 and TNF-α in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group, suggesting less inflammatory response. On the other hand, EGFR and β-FGF were significantly higher in the experimental group, supporting the activation of tissue repair pathways. Quality of life scores were significantly better in the experimental group. Overall, bromelain improves the quality of life, alleviates pain, swelling, and mouth opening, and effectively prevent postoperative complications in patients with hematologic tumors after third molar extraction during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Department of Stomatology, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Stomatology, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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Calvo AM, Zupelari-Gonçalves P, Dionísio TJ, Brozoski DT, Faria FA, Santos CF. Efficacy of piroxicam for postoperative pain after lower third molar surgery associated with CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C9. J Pain Res 2017; 10:1581-1589. [PMID: 28740425 PMCID: PMC5505550 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s138147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), predominantly CYP2C8 and CYP2C9. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association of polymorphisms in the CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C9 genes with the clinical efficacy of oral piroxicam (20 mg daily for 4 days) after lower third molar surgeries with regard to postoperative pain, swelling, trismus, adverse reactions, need for rescue medication and the volunteer’s overall satisfaction. Materials and methods For this purpose, 102 volunteers were genotyped for CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms. Briefly, genomic DNA was isolated from saliva collected from volunteers subjected to invasive lower third molar surgeries, and the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative parameters were collected and analyzed. Results An equal amount of piroxicam sufficiently managed postoperative pain and inflammatory symptoms, with visual analog pain scores typically <40 mm for all genotypes investigated. Furthermore, only two out of 102 volunteers heterozygous for CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C9*3 reported adverse side effects. Conclusion In general, slow metabolizers of piroxicam, who were volunteers with mutant alleles, were indifferent from normal metabolizers with the wild-type alleles and therefore did not require specialized piroxicam doses to manage postoperative pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Maria Calvo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Zupelari-Gonçalves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Thomas Brozoski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávio Augusto Faria
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Calvo AM, Prado MTDO, Dionísio TJ, Marques MP, Brozoski DT, Lanchote VL, Faria FAC, Santos CF. Effective method for the detection of piroxicam in human plasma using HPLC. Braz Oral Res 2016; 30:S1806-83242016000100253. [PMID: 27223141 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used by the general population to alleviate inflammation and pain after oral surgeries. Piroxicam is among the most commonly used NSAIDs and excels in controlling pain, swelling, trismus and other common symptoms of inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate different concentrations of piroxicam and its major metabolite, 5'-hydroxypiroxicam, in human plasma samples over time using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after liquid-liquid extraction. Briefly, 10 volunteers participated in this study after approval by the Ethics Committee of Bauru School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Brazil. Volunteers received a single dose oral of piroxicam (20 mg) and had blood collected at various times following an established protocol. The methodology of liquid-liquid extraction was effective for determining concentrations of piroxicam in plasma using HPLC in 10 out of 10 volunteers while 5'-hydroxypiroxicam was only detected in 2 out of 10 volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Maria Calvo
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Marques
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Laboratory Specialist, Department of Clinical, Toxicologic and Bromatologic Analyses, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Thomas Brozoski
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Lanchote
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Augusto Cardoso Faria
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Koray M, Ofluoglu D, Onal E, Ozgul M, Ersev H, Yaltirik M, Tanyeri H. Efficacy of hyaluronic acid spray on swelling, pain, and trismus after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 43:1399-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Herrera-Briones FJ, Prados Sánchez E, Reyes Botella C, Vallecillo Capilla M. Update on the use of corticosteroids in third molar surgery: systematic review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 116:e342-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Calvo AM, Brozoski DT, Giglio FP, Gonçalves PZ, Sant'ana E, Dionísio TJ, Lauris JR, Santos CF. Are antibiotics necessary after lower third molar removal? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 114:S199-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Trindade PAK, Giglio FPM, Colombini-Ishikiriama BL, Calvo AM, Modena KCS, Ribeiro DA, Dionísio TJ, Brozoski DT, Lauris JRP, Faria FAC, Santos CF. Sublingual ketorolac and sublingual piroxicam are equally effective for postoperative pain, trismus, and swelling management in lower third molar removal. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2011; 114:27-34. [PMID: 22732846 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lower third molar removal provides a clinical model for studying analgesic drugs. The present study's aim was to compare the clinical efficacy of sublingual ketorolac and sublingual piroxicam in managing pain, trismus and swelling after lower third molar extraction in adult volunteers. STUDY DESIGN In this double-blinded, randomized, crossover investigation, 47 volunteers received for 4 days ketorolac sublingually (10 mg 4 times daily) and piroxicam sublingually (20 mg once daily) during 2 separate appointments after lower third molar extraction of symmetrically positioned lower third molars. A surgeon evaluated objective parameters (surgery duration, mouth opening, rescue analgesic medication, and facial swelling) and volunteers documented subjective parameters (postoperative pain and global evaluation), comparing postoperative results for a total of 7 days after surgery. The means of the objective and subjective parameters were compared for statistical significance (P < .05). RESULTS Volunteers reported low pain scores during the postoperative period when treated with either sublingual ketorolac or piroxicam. Also, volunteers ingested similar amounts of analgesic rescue medication (paracetamol) when they received either drug sublingually (P > .05). Additionally, values for mouth openings measured just before surgery and immediately after suture removal 7 days later were similar among volunteers (P > .05), and the type of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) used in this study showed no significant differences between swellings on the second or seventh days after surgery (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Pain, trismus, and swelling after lower third molar extraction, independent of surgical difficulty, were successfully controlled by sublingual ketorolac (10 mg 4 times daily) or sublingual piroxicam (20 mg once daily), and no significant differences were observed between the NSAIDs evaluated.
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