1
|
Alves LL, Freire ML, Troian IL, de Morais-Teixeira E, Cota G. Local amphotericin B therapy for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012127. [PMID: 38626196 PMCID: PMC11051593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is characterized by potentially disfiguring skin ulcers carrying significant social stigma. To mitigate systemic drug exposure and reduce the toxicity from available treatments, studies addressing new local therapeutic strategies using available medications are coming up. This review systematically compiles preclinical and clinical data on the efficacy of amphotericin B (AmB) administered locally for cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODOLOGY Structured searches were conducted in major databases. Clinical studies reporting cure rates and preclinical studies presenting any efficacy outcome were included. Exclusion criteria comprised nonoriginal studies, in vitro investigations, studies with fewer than 10 treated patients, and those evaluating AmB in combination with other antileishmanial drug components. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 21 studies were identified, encompassing 16 preclinical and five clinical studies. Preclinical assessments generally involved the topical use of commercial AmB formulations, often in conjunction with carriers or controlled release systems. However, the variation in the treatment schedules hindered direct comparisons. In clinical studies, topical AmB achieved a pooled cure rate of 45.6% [CI: 27.5-64.8%; I2 = 79.7; p = 0.002), while intralesional (IL) administration resulted in a 69.8% cure rate [CI: 52.3-82.9%; I2 = 63.9; p = 0.06). In the direct comparison available, no significant difference was noted between AmB-IL and meglumine antimoniate-IL administration (OR:1.7; CI:0.34-9.15, I2 = 79.1; p = 0.00), however a very low certainty of evidence was verified. CONCLUSIONS Different AmB formulations and administration routes have been explored in preclinical and clinical studies. Developing therapeutic technologies is evident. Current findings might be interpreted as a favorable proof of concept for the local AmB administration which makes this intervention eligible to be explored in future well-designed studies towards less toxic treatments for leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Líndicy Leidicy Alves
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases–René Rachou Institute—Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lourenço Freire
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases–René Rachou Institute—Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isadora Lana Troian
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases–René Rachou Institute—Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eliane de Morais-Teixeira
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases–René Rachou Institute—Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Cota
- Clinical Research and Public Policy Group on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases–René Rachou Institute—Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Costa Souza BL, Pinto EF, Bezerra IP, Gomes DC, Martinez AMB, Ré MI, de Matos Guedes HL, Rossi-Bergmann B. Crosslinked chitosan microparticles as a safe and efficient DNA carrier for intranasal vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis. Vaccine X 2023; 15:100403. [PMID: 38026045 PMCID: PMC10665653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intranasal (i.n.) vaccination with adjuvant-free plasmid DNA encoding the leishmanial antigen LACK (LACK DNA) has shown to induce protective immunity against both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in rodents. In the present work, we sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of d,l-glyceraldehyde cross-linked chitosan microparticles (CCM) as a LACK DNA non-intumescent mucoadhesive delivery system. CCM with 5 μm of diameter was prepared and adsorbed with a maximum of 2.4 % (w/w) of DNA with no volume alteration. Histological analysis of mouse nostrils instilled with LACK DNA / CCM showed microparticles to be not only mucoadherent but also mucopenetrant, inducing no local inflammation. Systemic safeness was confirmed by the observation that two nasal instillations one week apart did not alter the numbers of bronchoalveolar cells or blood eosinophils; did not alter ALT, AST and creatinine serum levels; and did not induce cutaneous hypersensitivity. When challenged in the footpad with Leishmania amazonensis, mice developed significantly lower parasite loads as compared with animals given naked LACK DNA or CCM alone. That was accompanied by increased stimulation of Th1-biased responses, as seen by the higher T-bet / GATA-3 ratio and IFN-γ levels. Together, these results demonstrate that CCM is a safe and effective mucopenetrating carrier that can increase the efficacy of i.n. LACK DNA vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz L.S. Costa Souza
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F. Pinto
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Izabella P.S. Bezerra
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel C.O. Gomes
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas/Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria B. Martinez
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Ré
- Mines Albi, UMR-CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Université de Toulouse, Campus Jarlard, Albi, France
| | - Herbert L. de Matos Guedes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wijnant GJ, Dumetz F, Dirkx L, Bulté D, Cuypers B, Van Bocxlaer K, Hendrickx S. Tackling Drug Resistance and Other Causes of Treatment Failure in Leishmaniasis. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.837460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a tropical infectious disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania parasite. The disease is transmitted by female sand flies and, depending on the infecting parasite species, causes either cutaneous (stigmatizing skin lesions), mucocutaneous (destruction of mucous membranes of nose, mouth and throat) or visceral disease (a potentially fatal infection of liver, spleen and bone marrow). Although more than 1 million new cases occur annually, chemotherapeutic options are limited and their efficacy is jeopardized by increasing treatment failure rates and growing drug resistance. To delay the emergence of resistance to existing and new drugs, elucidating the currently unknown causes of variable drug efficacy (related to parasite susceptibility, host immunity and drug pharmacokinetics) and improved use of genotypic and phenotypic tools to define, measure and monitor resistance in the field are critical. This review highlights recent progress in our understanding of drug action and resistance in Leishmania, ongoing challenges (including setbacks related to the COVID-19 pandemic) and provides an overview of possible strategies to tackle this public health challenge.
Collapse
|
7
|
Shin S, Kwon S, Yeo Y. Meta-Analysis of Drug Delivery Approaches for Treating Intracellular Infections. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1085-1114. [PMID: 35146592 PMCID: PMC8830998 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the trend, methodological quality and completeness of studies on intracellular delivery of antimicrobial agents. PubMed, Embase, and reference lists of related reviews were searched to identify original articles that evaluated carrier-mediated intracellular delivery and pharmacodynamics (PD) of antimicrobial therapeutics against intracellular pathogens in vitro and/or in vivo. A total of 99 studies were included in the analysis. The most commonly targeted intracellular pathogens were bacteria (62.6%), followed by viruses (16.2%) and parasites (15.2%). Twenty-one out of 99 (21.2%) studies performed neither microscopic imaging nor flow cytometric analysis to verify that the carrier particles are present in the infected cells. Only 31.3% of studies provided comparative inhibitory concentrations against a free drug control. Approximately 8% of studies, albeit claimed for intracellular delivery of antimicrobial therapeutics, did not provide any experimental data such as microscopic imaging, flow cytometry, and in vitro PD. Future research on intracellular delivery of antimicrobial agents needs to improve the methodological quality and completeness of supporting data in order to facilitate clinical translation of intracellular delivery platforms for antimicrobial therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sooyoung Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soonbum Kwon
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA. .,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kammona O, Tsanaktsidou E. Nanotechnology-aided diagnosis, treatment and prevention of leishmaniasis. Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120761. [PMID: 34081999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a prevalent parasitic infection belonging to neglected tropical diseases. It is caused by Leishmania protozoan parasites transmitted by sandflies and it is responsible for increased morbidity/mortality especially in low- and middle-income countries. The lack of cheap, portable, easy to use diagnostic tools exhibiting high efficiency and specificity impede the early diagnosis of the disease. Furthermore, the typical anti-leishmanial agents are cytotoxic, characterized by low patient compliance and require long-term regimen and usually hospitalization. In addition, due to the intracellular nature of the disease, the existing treatments exhibit low bioavailability resulting in low therapeutic efficacy. The above, combined with the common development of resistance against the anti-leishmanial agents, denote the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, the lack of effective prophylactic vaccines hinders the control of the disease. The development of nanoparticle-based biosensors and nanocarrier-aided treatment and vaccination strategies could advance the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of leishmaniasis. The present review intends to highlight the various nanotechnology-based approaches pursued until now to improve the detection of Leishmania species in biological samples, decrease the side effects and increase the efficacy of anti-leishmanial drugs, and induce enhanced immune responses, specifically focusing on the outcome of their preclinical and clinical evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kammona
- Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Evgenia Tsanaktsidou
- Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pereira IAG, Mendonça DVC, Tavares GSV, Lage DP, Ramos FF, Oliveira-da-Silva JA, Antinarelli LMR, Machado AS, Carvalho LM, Carvalho AMRS, Salustiano IV, Reis TAR, Bandeira RS, Silva AM, Martins VT, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Humbert MV, Roatt BM, Duarte MC, Menezes-Souza D, Coimbra ES, Leite JPV, Coelho EAF, Gonçalves DU. Parasitological and immunological evaluation of a novel chemotherapeutic agent against visceral leishmaniasis. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12784. [PMID: 32772379 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is hampered by the toxicity and/or high cost of drugs, as well as by emergence of parasite resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antileishmanial agents. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the antileishmanial activity of a diprenylated flavonoid called 5,7,3,4'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone (CMt) was tested against Leishmania infantum and L amazonensis species. Results showed that CMt presented selectivity index (SI) of 70.0 and 165.0 against L infantum and L amazonensis promastigotes, respectively, and of 181.9 and 397.8 against respective axenic amastigotes. Amphotericin B (AmpB) showed lower SI values of 9.1 and 11.1 against L infantum and L amazonensis promastigotes, respectively, and of 12.5 and 14.3 against amastigotes, respectively. CMt was effective in the treatment of infected macrophages and caused alterations in the parasite mitochondria. L infantum-infected mice treated with miltefosine, CMt alone or incorporated in polymeric micelles (CMt/Mic) presented significant reductions in the parasite load in distinct organs, when compared to the control groups. An antileishmanial Th1-type cellular and humoral immune response were developed one and 15 days after treatment, with CMt/Mic-treated mice presenting a better protective response. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that CMt/Mic could be evaluated as a chemotherapeutic agent against VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela A G Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Débora V C Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele S V Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João A Oliveira-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana M R Antinarelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia M Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria R S Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Iorrana V Salustiano
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Thiago A R Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Bandeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Maria V Humbert
- Neisseria Research Group, Molecular Microbiology, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, England
| | - Bruno M Roatt
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elaine S Coimbra
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Paulo V Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise U Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|