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Yadav P, Shah K. Chemistry and biological evaluation of Pyrido [4,3‐
d
] pyrimidines: A review. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 99:758-768. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Yadav
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University Mathura UP 281406 India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University Mathura UP 281406 India
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2
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Valicherla GR, Italiya KS, Gupta CP, Mishra S, Riyazuddin M, Syed AA, Singh SK, Shahi S, Taneja G, Wahajuddin M, Goel A, Gayen JR. Evaluation of oral pharmacokinetics, in vitro metabolism, blood partitioning and plasma protein binding of novel antidiabetic agent, S009-0629 in rats. Drug Dev Res 2018; 79:173-183. [PMID: 29989222 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
S009-0629 [methyl-8-(methylthio)-2-phenyl-6-p-tolyl-4,5-dihydro-2H-benzo[e]indazole-9-carboxylate] is a novel antidiabetic agent with PTP1B inhibitory activity. In this study, we have investigated the in vitro metabolic stability, plasma protein binding, blood partitioning, and oral pharmacokinetic study of S009-0629 in rats. The plasma protein binding, blood partitioning, and metabolic stability were determined by HPLC method. The oral pharmacokinetic study was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. The plasma protein binding of S009-0629 using modified charcoal adsorption method at 5 and 10 µg/mL was 80.58 ± 1.04% and 81.95 ± 1.15%, respectively. The KRBC/PL of S009-0629 was independent of concentration and time. The in-vitro half-life of S009-0629 at 5 and 10 µM using rat liver microsomes was determined as 273 ± 24.46 and 281.67 ± 26.53 min, respectively. After oral administration, S009-0629 exhibited Cmax 55.51 ± 1.18 ng/mL was observed at 18 hr (tmax ). S009-0629 was found to have the large apparent volume of distribution (1,894.93 ± 363.67 L/kg). Oral in-vivo t1/2 of S009-0629 was found to be 41.23 ± 5.96 hr. A rapid and highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method was validated for S009-0629 in rat plasma. S009-0629 has high plasma protein binding and low hepatic extraction. S009-0629 has no affinity with human P-gp and BCRP in ATPase assay. After oral dosing, S009-0629 has slow absorption and elimination in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Raghavendra Valicherla
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Kishan Shamjibhai Italiya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Chandra Prakash Gupta
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Shachi Mishra
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammed Riyazuddin
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Anees Ahmed Syed
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Sudhir Shahi
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Gaurav Taneja
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Wahajuddin
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Goel
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.,Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Jiaur Rahaman Gayen
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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Keemink J, Deferm N, De Bruyn T, Augustijns P, Bouillon T, Annaert P. Effect of Cryopreservation on Enzyme and Transporter Activities in Suspended and Sandwich Cultured Rat Hepatocytes. AAPS JOURNAL 2018; 20:33. [PMID: 29468289 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Freshly-isolated rat hepatocytes are commonly used as tools for hepatic drug disposition. From an ethical point of view, it is important to maximize the use of isolated hepatocytes by cryopreservation. The present study compared overall hepatocyte functionality as well as activity of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (Oatp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2), and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (Ugt1), in in vitro models established with cryopreserved and freshly-isolated hepatocytes. A similar culture time-dependent decline in cellular functionality, as assessed by urea production, was observed in sandwich-cultured hepatocytes (SCH) obtained from freshly-isolated and cryopreserved cells. Concentration-dependent uptake kinetics of the Oatp substrate sodium fluorescein in suspended hepatocytes (SH) or SCH were not significantly affected by cryopreservation. Mrp2-mediated biliary excretion of 5 (and 6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein by SCH was assessed with semi-quantitative fluorescence imaging: biliary excretion index values increased between day 3 and day 4, but did not differ significantly between cryopreserved and freshly-isolated hepatocytes. Finally, telmisartan disposition was evaluated in SCH to simultaneously explore Oatp, Ugt1, and Mrp2 activity. In order to distinguish between the susceptibilities of the individual disposition pathways to cryopreservation, a mechanistic cellular disposition model was developed. Basolateral and canalicular efflux as well as glucuronidation of telmisartan were affected by cryopreservation. In contrast, the disposition parameters of telmisartan-glucuronide were not impacted by cryopreservation. Overall, the relative contribution of the rate-determining processes (uptake, metabolism, efflux) remained unaltered between cryopreserved and freshly-isolated hepatocytes, indicating that cryopreserved hepatocytes are a suitable alternative for freshly-isolated hepatocytes when studying these cellular disposition pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Keemink
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Gasthuisberg O&N2 Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Neel Deferm
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Gasthuisberg O&N2 Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom De Bruyn
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Gasthuisberg O&N2 Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Gasthuisberg O&N2 Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Bouillon
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Gasthuisberg O&N2 Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Gasthuisberg O&N2 Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Mardal M, Annaert P, Noble C, Oorts M, Linnet K. Metabolism of the synthetic cannabinoid 5F-PY-PICA by human and rat hepatocytes and identification of biliary analytical targets by directional efflux in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes using UHPLC-HR-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 149:296-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Elattar KM, Doğru Mert B. Recent developments in the chemistry of bicyclic 6-6 systems: chemistry of pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12364c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review reports the chemistry and biological importance of pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M. Elattar
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Mansoura University
- Mansoura
- Egypt
| | - Başak Doğru Mert
- Chemistry Department
- Science and Letters Faculty
- Çukurova University
- Turkey
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Keemink J, Wuyts B, Nicolaï J, Jonghe SD, Stella A, Herdewijn P, Augustijns P, Annaert P. In vitro disposition profiling of heterocyclic compounds. Int J Pharm 2015; 491:78-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jatczak M, Muylaert K, De Coen LM, Keemink J, Wuyts B, Augustijns P, Stevens CV. Straightforward entry to pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones and their ADME properties. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3947-56. [PMID: 24984938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones was developed starting from 2-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid by esterification, nucleophilic aromatic substitution and amide formation in one step, and ring closure allowing their synthesis with two identical or two different group attached to nitrogen. The structural diversity of these [2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones resulted in significant variation in the biopharmaceutical properties. This was reflected by the broad range in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid solubility values (12.6 μM to 13.8 mM), Caco-2 permeability coefficients (1.2 × 10(-6)cm/s to 90.7 × 10(-6)cm/s) and in vitro-predicted human in vivo intrinsic clearance values (0 to 159 ml/min/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Jatczak
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Muylaert
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurens M De Coen
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Janneke Keemink
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N II Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Wuyts
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N II Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N II Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian V Stevens
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Tang C, Liang Y, Bai S, He H, Chen Y, Yang G, Fu L. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of novel tetrahydrobenzo[4′,5′]thieno[3′,2′:5,6]pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of tetrahydrobenzo[4′,5′]thienophene[3′,2′:5,6]pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine-4-(3H)-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Tang
- Laboratory for Natural Product Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- South Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yongju Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China
- Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Shun Bai
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hongwu He
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- South Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- Laboratory for Natural Product Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- South Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China
- Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
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