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Ofori-Asenso R, Hallgreen CE, De Bruin ML. Improving Interactions Between Health Technology Assessment Bodies and Regulatory Agencies: A Systematic Review and Cross-Sectional Survey on Processes, Progress, Outcomes, and Challenges. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:582634. [PMID: 33178721 PMCID: PMC7596325 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.582634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to optimize drug development and facilitate faster access for patients has ignited discussions around the importance of improving interactions between health technology assessment (HTA) bodies and regulatory agencies. In this study, we conducted a systematic review to examine processes, progress, outcomes, and challenges of harmonization/interaction initiatives between HTA bodies and regulatory agencies. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the International Pharmaceutical Abstracts database were searched up to 21 October 2019. Searches for gray literature (working papers, commissioned reports, policy documents, etc.) were performed via Google scholar and several institutional websites. An online cross-sectional survey was also conducted among HTA (n = 22) and regulatory agencies (n = 6) across Europe to supplement the systematic review. Overall, we found that while there are areas of divergence, there has been progress over time in narrowing the gap in evidentiary requirements for HTA bodies and regulatory agencies. Most regulatory agencies (4/6; 67%) and half (11/22, 50%) of the HTA bodies reported having a formal link for “collaborating” with the other. Several mechanisms such as early tripartite dialogues, parallel submissions (reviews), adaptive licensing pathways, and postauthorization data generation have been explored as avenues for improving collaboration. A number of pilot initiatives have shown positive effects of these models to reduce the time between regulatory and HTA decisions, which may translate into faster access for patients to life-saving therapies. Thus, future approaches aimed at improving harmonization/interaction between HTA bodies and regulatory agencies should build on these existing models/mechanisms while examining their long-term impacts. Several barriers including legal, organizational, and resource-related factors were also identified, and these need to be addressed to achieve greater alignment in the current regulatory and reimbursement landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ofori-Asenso
- Copenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science (CORS), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christine E Hallgreen
- Copenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science (CORS), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Louise De Bruin
- Copenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science (CORS), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Schoubben A, Ricci M, Giovagnoli S. Meeting the unmet: from traditional to cutting-edge techniques for poly lactide and poly lactide-co-glycolide microparticle manufacturing. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-019-00446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Petersen ALDOA, Campos TA, Dantas DADS, Rebouças JDS, da Silva JC, de Menezes JPB, Formiga FR, de Melo JV, Machado G, Veras PST. Encapsulation of the HSP-90 Chaperone Inhibitor 17-AAG in Stable Liposome Allow Increasing the Therapeutic Index as Assessed, in vitro, on Leishmania (L) amazonensis Amastigotes-Hosted in Mouse CBA Macrophages. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:303. [PMID: 30214897 PMCID: PMC6126448 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current long-term treatment for leishmaniasis causes severe side effects and resistance in some cases. An evaluation of the anti-leishmanial potential of an HSP90-inhibitor, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), demonstrated its potent effect against Leishmania spp. in vitro and in vivo. We have previously shown that 17-AAG can kill L. (L) amazonensis promastigotes with an IC50 of 65 nM and intracellular amastigote at concentrations as low as 125 nM. As this compound presents low solubility and high toxicity in human clinical trials, we prepared an inclusion complex containing hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and 17-AAG (17-AAG:HPβCD) to improve its solubility. This complex was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Liposomes-containing 17-AAG:HPβCD was prepared and evaluated for encapsulation efficiency (EE%), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), pH, and zeta potential, before and after accelerated and long-term stability testing. An evaluation of leishmanicidal activity against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. (L) amazonensis was also performed. The characterization techniques utilized confirmed the formation of the inclusion complex, HPβCD:17-AAG, with a resulting 33-fold-enhancement in compound water solubility. Stability studies revealed that 17-AAG:HPβCD-loaded liposomes were smaller than 200 nm, with 99% EE. Stability testing detected no alterations in PDI that was 0.295, pH 7.63, and zeta potential +22.6, suggesting liposome stability, and suitability for evaluating leishmanicidal activity. Treatment of infected macrophages with 0.006 nM of 17-AAG:HPβCD or 17-AAG:HPβCD-loaded liposomes resulted in almost complete amastigote clearance inside macrophages after 48 h. This reduction is similar to the one observed in infected macrophages treated with 2 μM amphotericin B. Our results showed that nanotechnology and drug delivery systems could be used to increase the antileishmanial efficacy and potency of 17-AAG in vitro, while also resulting in reduced toxicity that indicates these formulations may represent a potential therapeutic strategy against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiers A Campos
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis (LAMM), Center of Strategical Technologies (CETENE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana de Souza Rebouças
- Laboratory of Parasite-Host Interaction and Epidemiology (LAIPHE), Gonçalo Moniz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cruz da Silva
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis (LAMM), Center of Strategical Technologies (CETENE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Juliana P B de Menezes
- Laboratory of Parasite-Host Interaction and Epidemiology (LAIPHE), Gonçalo Moniz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Fábio R Formiga
- Postgraduate Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil.,Laboratory of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (LEITV), Gonçalo Moniz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Janaina V de Melo
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis (LAMM), Center of Strategical Technologies (CETENE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Machado
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis (LAMM), Center of Strategical Technologies (CETENE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S T Veras
- Laboratory of Parasite-Host Interaction and Epidemiology (LAIPHE), Gonçalo Moniz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Technology in Tropical Diseases-National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brasilia, Brazil
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Giovagnoli S, Schoubben A, Ricci M. The long and winding road to inhaled TB therapy: not only the bug’s fault. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:347-363. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1272119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Aurelie Schoubben
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Panzitta M, Ponti M, Bruno G, Cois G, D'Arpino A, Minghetti P, Mendicino FR, Perioli L, Ricci M. The strategic relevance of manufacturing technology: An overall quality concept to promote innovation preventing drug shortage. Int J Pharm 2016; 516:144-157. [PMID: 27838294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Manufacturing is the bridge between research and patient: without product, there is no clinical outcome. Shortage has a variety of causes, in this paper we analyse only causes related to manufacturing technology and we use shortage as a paradigm highliting the relevance of Pharmaceutical Technology. Product and process complexity and capacity issues are the main challenge for the Pharmaceutical Industry Supply chain. Manufacturing Technology should be acknowledged as a R&D step and as a very important matter during University degree in Pharmacy and related disciplines, promoting collaboration between Academia and Industry, measured during HTA step and rewarded in terms of price and reimbursement. The above elements are not yet properly recognised, and manufacturing technology is taken in to consideration only when a shortage is in place. In a previous work, Panzitta et al. proposed to perform a full technology assessment at the Health Technological Assessment stage, evaluating three main technical aspects of a medicine: manufacturing process, physicochemical properties, and formulation characteristics. In this paper, we develop the concept of manufacturing appraisal, providing a technical overview of upcoming challenges, a risk based approach and an economic picture of shortage costs. We develop also an overall quality concept, not limited to GMP factors but broaden to all elements leading to a robust supply and promoting technical innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Panzitta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Ponti
- AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; Sanofi-Genzyme, Viale Luigi Bodio 37/b, 20158 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bruno
- AFI-Associazione Farmaceutici dell'Industria, viale Ranzoni 1, 20041 Milano, Italy; Recipharm AB, Via Filippo Serpero, 2, Masate (MI), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cois
- AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; Chiesi Via San Leonardo, 96A, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro D'Arpino
- AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; Perugia Hospital, Pharmacy Department, 06132 Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Minghetti
- AFI-Associazione Farmaceutici dell'Industria, viale Ranzoni 1, 20041 Milano, Italy; School of Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7 - Milano, Italy
| | | | - Luana Perioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; AFI, Study Group on Pharmaceutical Economy, Viale Ranzoni 1 20041 Milano, Italy; School of Hospital Pharmacy, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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Iskrov G, Miteva-Katrandzhieva T, Stefanov R. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Assessment and Appraisal of Orphan Drugs. Front Public Health 2016; 4:214. [PMID: 27747207 PMCID: PMC5042964 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited resources and expanding expectations push all countries and types of health systems to adopt new approaches in priority setting and resources allocation. Despite best efforts, it is difficult to reconcile all competing interests, and trade-offs are inevitable. This is why multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) has played a major role in recent uptake of value-based reimbursement. MCDA framework enables exploration of stakeholders’ preferences, as well as explicit organization of broad range of criteria on which real-world decisions are made. Assessment and appraisal of orphan drugs tend to be one of the most complicated health technology assessment (HTA) tasks. Access to market approved orphan therapies remains an issue. Early constructive dialog among rare disease stakeholders and elaboration of orphan drug-tailored decision support tools could set the scene for ongoing accumulation of evidence, as well as for proper reimbursement decision-making. Objective The objective of this study was to create an MCDA value measurement model to assess and appraise orphan drugs. This was achieved by exploring the preferences on decision criteria’s weights and performance scores through a stakeholder-representative survey and a focus group discussion that were both organized in Bulgaria. Results/Conclusion Decision criteria that describe the health technology’s characteristics were unanimously agreed as the most important group of reimbursement considerations. This outcome, combined with the high individual weight of disease severity and disease burden criteria, underlined some of the fundamental principles of health care – equity and fairness. Our study proved that strength of evidence may be a key criterion in orphan drug assessment and appraisal. Evidence is used not only to shape reimbursement decision-making but also to lend legitimacy to policies pursued. The need for real-world data on orphan drugs was largely stressed. Improved knowledge on MCDA feasibility and integration to HTA is of paramount importance, as progress in medicine and innovative health technologies should correspond to patient, health-care system, and societal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Iskrov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Rare Diseases, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tsonka Miteva-Katrandzhieva
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Rare Diseases, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Rumen Stefanov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Rare Diseases, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Iskrov G, Dermendzhiev S, Miteva-Katrandzhieva T, Stefanov R. Health Economic Data in Reimbursement of New Medical Technologies: Importance of the Socio-Economic Burden as a Decision-Making Criterion. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:252. [PMID: 27582707 PMCID: PMC4987332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Assessment and appraisal of new medical technologies require a balance between the interests of different stakeholders. Final decision should take into account the societal value of new therapies. Objective: This perspective paper discusses the socio-economic burden of disease as a specific reimbursement decision-making criterion and calls for the inclusion of it as a counterbalance to the cost-effectiveness and budget impact criteria. Results/Conclusions: Socio-economic burden is a decision-making criterion, accounting for diseases, for which the assessed medical technology is indicated. This indicator is usually researched through cost-of-illness studies that systematically quantify the socio-economic burden of diseases on the individual and on the society. This is a very important consideration as it illustrates direct budgetary consequences of diseases in the health system and indirect costs associated with patient or carer productivity losses. By measuring and comparing the socio-economic burden of different diseases to society, health authorities and payers could benefit in optimizing priority setting and resource allocation. New medical technologies, especially innovative therapies, present an excellent case study for the inclusion of socio-economic burden in reimbursement decision-making. Assessment and appraisal have been greatly concentrated so far on cost-effectiveness and budget impact, marginalizing all other considerations. In this context, data on disease burden and inclusion of explicit criterion of socio-economic burden in reimbursement decision-making may be highly beneficial. Realizing the magnitude of the lost socio-economic contribution resulting from diseases in question could be a reasonable way for policy makers to accept a higher valuation of innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Iskrov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Rare DiseasesPlovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlan Dermendzhiev
- Section of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tsonka Miteva-Katrandzhieva
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Rare DiseasesPlovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Rumen Stefanov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Rare DiseasesPlovdiv, Bulgaria
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