1
|
Modification of poly(methyl vinyl ether − alt − maleic anhydride) with pregabalin drug active substance via ring opening polymerization of anhydride ring in/noncatalyst media. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
2
|
Genotoxicity Assessment of Metal-Based Nanocomposites Applied in Drug Delivery. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216551. [PMID: 34772074 PMCID: PMC8585152 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites as drug delivery systems (e.g., metal nanoparticles) are being exploited for several applications in the biomedical field, from therapeutics to diagnostics. Green nanocomposites stand for nanoparticles of biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic profiles. When using metal nanoparticles for drug delivery, the question of how hazardous these "virus-sized particles" can be is posed, due to their nanometer size range with enhanced reactivity compared to their respective bulk counterparts. These structures exhibit a high risk of being internalized by cells and interacting with the genetic material, with the possibility of inducing DNA damage. The Comet Assay, or Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE), stands out for its capacity to detect DNA strand breaks in eukaryotic cells. It has huge potential in the genotoxicity assessment of nanoparticles and respective cells' interactions. In this review, the Comet assay is described, discussing several examples of its application in the genotoxicity evaluation of nanoparticles commonly administered in a set of routes (oral, skin, inhaled, ocular and parenteral administration). In the nanoparticles boom era, where guidelines for their evaluation are still very limited, it is urgent to ensure their safety, alongside their quality and efficacy. Comet assay or SCGE can be considered an essential tool and a reliable source to achieve a better nanotoxicology assessment of metal nanoparticles used in drug delivery.
Collapse
|
3
|
de Arcocha-Torres M, Quincoces G, Martínez-López A, Erhard A, Collantes M, Martínez-Rodríguez I, Ecay M, Banzo I, Irache J, Peñuelas I. Preparation, radiolabeling with 99mTc and 67Ga and biodistribution studies of albumin nanoparticles coated with polymers. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
4
|
de Arcocha-Torres M, Quincoces G, Martínez-López AL, Erhard A, Collantes M, Martínez-Rodríguez I, Ecay M, Banzo I, Irache JM, Peñuelas I. Preparation, radiolabeling with 99mTc and 67Ga and biodistribution studies of albumin nanoparticles covered with polymers. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2020; 39:225-232. [PMID: 32201272 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To optimize radiolabeling with 99mTc and 67Ga of albumin nanoparticles coated with 4 differents synthetic polymers and to evaluate their stability in vivo and in vitro, as well as their biodistribution in vivo after intravenous administration. MATERIAL AND METHODS The nanoparticles were prepared using albumin and NOTA-modified albumin by the desolvation method and coated with 4 different polymers; HPMC, GMN2, GPM2 and GTM2. They were purified, lyophilized and characterized. Radiolabelling with 99mTc was perfomed with 74 MBq of 99mTc sodium pertechnetate, previously reduced with and acid solution of tin chloride at different concentrations (0.003, 0.005, 0.007, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1mg/ml) and at different times (5, 10, 15, 30 and 60minutes) and temperatures (room temperature, 40°C and 60°C). Radiolabelling with 67Ga was perfomed by incubation of the nanoparticles with 37 MBq of 67Gallium chloride (obtained from commercial gallium-67 citrate) at different times (10 and 30minutes) and temperatures (room temperature, 30°C and 60°C), and posterior purification with microconcentrators. The radiochemical purity was evaluated by TLC. Stability studies of radiolabeled nanoparticles in physiological serum and blood plasma were perfomed. Biodistribution studies of nanoparticles coated with GPM2 polymer were carried out in Wistar rats after intravenous administration of the nanoparticles. Control animals were carried out with 99mTc sodium pertechnetate and 67Ga chloride. To do so, the animals were killed and activity in organs was measured in a gamma counter. RESULTS 99mTc labeling was carried out optimally with a tin concentration of 0.007mg/ ml for the GPM2 nanoparticles and 0.005mg / ml for the rest of the formulations, with a radiolabelling time of 10minutes at room temperature. In the case of 67Ga the label was optimized at 30° C temperature and 30minutes of incubation. In both cases the radiochemical purity obtained was greater than 97%. The nanoparticles showed high stability in vitro after 48hours of labeling (70% nanoparticles labeled with 99mTc and 90% those labeled with 67Ga). Biodistribution studies of nanoparticles 99mTc -GPM2 and 67Ga -NOTA-GPM2 showed a high accumulation of activity in the liver at 2 and 24hours after intravenous administration. CONCLUSION The labeling procedure with 99mTc and 67Ga of albumin and albumin modified with NOTA nanoparticles allows obtaining nanoparticles with high labeling yields and adequate in vitro stability, allowing their use for in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M de Arcocha-Torres
- Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España; Grupo de investigación Imagen Molecular (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España.
| | - G Quincoces
- Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - A L Martínez-López
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - A Erhard
- Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - M Collantes
- Unidad de investigación micropet, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - I Martínez-Rodríguez
- Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España; Grupo de investigación Imagen Molecular (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España
| | - M Ecay
- Unidad de investigación micropet, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| | - I Banzo
- Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España; Grupo de investigación Imagen Molecular (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España
| | - J M Irache
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - I Peñuelas
- Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Servicio Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, España
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stubbs C, Bailey TL, Murray K, Gibson MI. Polyampholytes as Emerging Macromolecular Cryoprotectants. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:7-17. [PMID: 31418266 PMCID: PMC6960013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellular cryopreservation is a platform technology which underpins cell biology, biochemistry, biomaterials, diagnostics, and the cold chain for emerging cell-based therapies. This technique relies on effective methods for banking and shipping to avoid the need for continuous cell culture. The most common method to achieve cryopreservation is to use large volumes of organic solvent cryoprotective agents which can promote either a vitreous (ice free) phase or dehydrate and protect the cells. These methods are very successful but are not perfect: not all cell types can be cryopreserved and recovered, and the cells do not always retain their phenotype and function post-thaw. This Perspective will introduce polyampholytes as emerging macromolecular cryoprotective agents and demonstrate they have the potential to impact a range of fields from cell-based therapies to basic cell biology and may be able to improve, or replace, current solvent-based cryoprotective agents. Polyampholytes have been shown to be remarkable (mammalian cell) cryopreservation enhancers, but their mechanism of action is unclear, which may include membrane protection, solvent replacement, or a yet unknown protective mechanism, but it seems the modulation of ice growth (recrystallization) may only play a minor role in their function, unlike other macromolecular cryoprotectants. This Perspective will discuss their synthesis and summarize the state-of-the-art, including hypotheses of how they function, to introduce this exciting area of biomacromolecular science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Stubbs
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Trisha L. Bailey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Murray
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elespuru R, Pfuhler S, Aardema MJ, Chen T, Doak SH, Doherty A, Farabaugh CS, Kenny J, Manjanatha M, Mahadevan B, Moore MM, Ouédraogo G, Stankowski LF, Tanir JY. Genotoxicity Assessment of Nanomaterials: Recommendations on Best Practices, Assays, and Methods. Toxicol Sci 2019; 164:391-416. [PMID: 29701824 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) present unique challenges in safety evaluation. An international working group, the Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee of the International Life Sciences Institute's Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, has addressed issues related to the genotoxicity assessment of NMs. A critical review of published data has been followed by recommendations on methods alterations and best practices for the standard genotoxicity assays: bacterial reverse mutation (Ames); in vitro mammalian assays for mutations, chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus induction, or DNA strand breaks (comet); and in vivo assays for genetic damage (micronucleus, comet and transgenic mutation assays). The analysis found a great diversity of tests and systems used for in vitro assays; many did not meet criteria for a valid test, and/or did not use validated cells and methods in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guidelines, and so these results could not be interpreted. In vivo assays were less common but better performed. It was not possible to develop conclusions on test system agreement, NM activity, or mechanism of action. However, the limited responses observed for most NMs were consistent with indirect genotoxic effects, rather than direct interaction of NMs with DNA. We propose a revised genotoxicity test battery for NMs that includes in vitro mammalian cell mutagenicity and clastogenicity assessments; in vivo assessments would be added only if warranted by information on specific organ exposure or sequestration of NMs. The bacterial assays are generally uninformative for NMs due to limited particle uptake and possible lack of mechanistic relevance, and are thus omitted in our recommended test battery for NM assessment. Recommendations include NM characterization in the test medium, verification of uptake into target cells, and limited assay-specific methods alterations to avoid interference with uptake or endpoint analysis. These recommendations are summarized in a Roadmap guideline for testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Elespuru
- Division of Biology, Chemistry and Materials Science, US Food and Drug Administration, CDRH/OSEL, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Stefan Pfuhler
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Centre, Mason, Ohio 45040
| | | | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, US Food and Drug Administration, NCTR, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079
| | - Shareen H Doak
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Ann Doherty
- Discovery Safety, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Genetic Toxicology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK
| | | | - Julia Kenny
- Genetic Toxicology & Photosafety, David Jack Centre for Research & Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, Hertfordshire SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Mugimane Manjanatha
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, US Food and Drug Administration, NCTR, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079
| | - Brinda Mahadevan
- Global Pre-clinical Development Innovation & Development, Established Pharmaceuticals, Abbott, Mumbai 400072, India
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer Y Tanir
- ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI), Washington, District of Columbia 20005
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martínez-Ortega L, Mira A, Fernandez-Carvajal A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Development of A New Delivery System Based on Drug-Loadable Electrospun Nanofibers for Psoriasis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E14. [PMID: 30621136 PMCID: PMC6359116 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease with an approximate incidence of 2% worldwide; it is commonly characterized by squamous lesions on the skin that present the typical pain, stinging, and bleeding associated with an inflammatory response. In this work, poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-ES) nanofibers have been designed as a delivery vehicle for three therapeutic agents with palliative properties for the symptoms of this disease (salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, and capsaicin). For such a task, the production of these nanofibers by means of the electrospinning technique has been optimized. Their morphology and size have been characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By selecting the optimal conditions to achieve the smallest and most uniform nanofibers, approximate diameters of up to 800⁻900 nm were obtained. It was also determined that the therapeutic agents that were used were encapsulated with high efficiency. The analysis of their stability over time by GC-MS showed no significant losses of the encapsulated compounds 15 days after their preparation, except in the case of methyl salicylate. Likewise, it was demonstrated that the therapeutic compounds that were encapsulated conserved, and even improved, their capacity to activate the transient receptor potential cation channel 1 (TRPV1) channel, which has been associated with the formation of psoriatic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Martínez-Ortega
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Amalia Mira
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Asia Fernandez-Carvajal
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mira A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and ethyl monoester as building polymers for drug-loadable electrospun nanofibers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17205. [PMID: 29222482 PMCID: PMC5722912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New biomaterials are sought for the development of bioengineered nanostructures. In the present study, electrospun nanofibers have been synthesized by using poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES, respectively) as building polymers for the first time. To further functionalize these materials, nanofibers of PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES containing a conjugated polyelectrolyte (HTMA-PFP, blue emitter, and HTMA-PFNT, red emitter) were achieved with both forms maintaining a high solid state fluorescence yield without altered morphology. Also, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was incorporated within these nanofibers, where it remained chemically stable. In all cases, nanofiber diameters were less than 150 nm as determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and encapsulation efficiency of 5-ALA was 97 ± 1% as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Both polymeric matrices showed rapid release kinetics in vertical cells (Franz cells) and followed Higuchi kinetics. In addition, no toxicity of nanofibers, in the absence of light, was found in HaCaT and SW480 cell lines. Finally, it was shown that loaded 5-ALA was functional, as it was internalized by cells in nanofiber-treated cultures and served as a substrate for the generation of protoporphyrin IX, suggesting these pharmaceutical vehicles are suitable for photodynamic therapy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Mira
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Iglesias T, Irache J, Butinar M, Turk B, López de Cerain A, Azqueta A. Genotoxic evaluation of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal tract of mice. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:187-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|