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Oral vaccination using microdevices to deliver α-GalCer adjuvanted vaccine afford a mucosal immune response. J Control Release 2023; 353:134-146. [PMID: 36372387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral vaccination has in the recent years gained a lot of attraction, mainly due to optimized patient compliance and logistics. However, the development of oral vaccines, especially oral subunit vaccines is challenging. Micro technology can be utilized to overcome some of these challenges, by facilitating protection and effective delivery of the vaccine components in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). One such technology is Microcontainers (MCs), which can be realized to be mucoadhesive and to target specific regions of the GI tract via oral delivery. Here, we test MCs, for oral delivery of the C. trachomatis vaccine candidate CTH522, in combination with effective mucosal adjuvants. The adjuvants alpha- galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), C-di-GMP and cholera toxin B were compared in vivo, to identify the most prominent adjuvant for formulation with CTH522. Formulations were administered both purely oral and as boosters following a subcutaneous (s.c.) prime with CTH522 in combination with the CAF®01 adjuvant. CTH522 formulated with α-GalCer showed to be the most efficient combination for the oral vaccine, based on the immunological analysis. Lyophilized formulation of CTH522 and α-GalCer was loaded into MCs and these were subsequently coated with Eudragit L100-55 and evaluated in vivo in mice for the ability of MCs to mediate intestinal vaccine delivery and increase immunogenicity of the vaccine. Mice receiving oral prime and boosters did show a significantly enhanced mucosal immune responses compared to naive mice. This indicates the MCs are indeed capable of delivering the vaccine formulation intact and able to stimulate the immune cells. Mice orally boosted with MCs following a s.c. prime with CAF01, demonstrated improved systemic and local Th17 responses, along with increased local IFN-γ and IgA levels compared to both the s.c. prime alone and the homologous oral prime-boost immunization. However, due to the relatively weak observed effect of the MC delivery on the immune responses, it was hypothesized that the MCs are proportionally too large for the GI tract of mice, and thus cleared before an effective immune response can be induced. To investigate this, MCs were loaded with BaSO4, and orally administered to mice. Analysis with X-ray and CT showed a transit time of approximately 1-1.5 h from the stomach to the cecum, corresponding to the standard transit time in mice, and an extremely narrow absorption window. This indicates that mice is not a suitable animal model for evaluation of MCs. These data should be taken into consideration in future in vivo trials with this and similar technologies, where larger animals might be a necessity for proof-of-concept studies.
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Qi Y, Fox CB. Development of thermostable vaccine adjuvants. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:497-517. [PMID: 33724133 PMCID: PMC8292183 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1902314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of vaccine thermostability has been discussed in the literature. Nevertheless, the challenge of developing thermostable vaccine adjuvants has sometimes not received appropriate emphasis. Adjuvants comprise an expansive range of particulate and molecular compositions, requiring innovative thermostable formulation and process development approaches. AREAS COVERED Reports on efforts to develop thermostable adjuvant-containing vaccines have increased in recent years, and substantial progress has been made in enhancing the stability of the major classes of adjuvants. This narrative review summarizes the current status of thermostable vaccine adjuvant development and looks forward to the next potential developments in the field. EXPERT OPINION As adjuvant-containing vaccines become more widely used, the unique challenges associated with developing thermostable adjuvant formulations merit increased attention. In particular, more focused efforts are needed to translate promising proof-of-concept technologies and formulations into clinical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Qi
- Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), 1616 Eastlake
Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher B. Fox
- Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), 1616 Eastlake
Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
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Lemoine C, Thakur A, Krajišnik D, Guyon R, Longet S, Razim A, Górska S, Pantelić I, Ilić T, Nikolić I, Lavelle EC, Gamian A, Savić S, Milicic A. Technological Approaches for Improving Vaccination Compliance and Coverage. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E304. [PMID: 32560088 PMCID: PMC7350210 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination has been well recognised as a critically important tool in preventing infectious disease, yet incomplete immunisation coverage remains a major obstacle to achieving disease control and eradication. As medical products for global access, vaccines need to be safe, effective and inexpensive. In line with these goals, continuous improvements of vaccine delivery strategies are necessary to achieve the full potential of immunisation. Novel technologies related to vaccine delivery and route of administration, use of advanced adjuvants and controlled antigen release (single-dose immunisation) approaches are expected to contribute to improved coverage and patient compliance. This review discusses the application of micro- and nano-technologies in the alternative routes of vaccine administration (mucosal and cutaneous vaccination), oral vaccine delivery as well as vaccine encapsulation with the aim of controlled antigen release for single-dose vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Lemoine
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1221 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Aneesh Thakur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;
| | - Danina Krajišnik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.K.); (I.P.); (T.I.); (I.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Romain Guyon
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
| | - Stephanie Longet
- Virology & Pathogenesis Group, Public Health England, Manor Farm Road, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK;
| | - Agnieszka Razim
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Sabina Górska
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Ivana Pantelić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.K.); (I.P.); (T.I.); (I.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Tanja Ilić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.K.); (I.P.); (T.I.); (I.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Ines Nikolić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.K.); (I.P.); (T.I.); (I.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Ed C. Lavelle
- The Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, DO2R590 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Snežana Savić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.K.); (I.P.); (T.I.); (I.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Anita Milicic
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
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Saleem I, Coombes AGA, Chambers MA. In Vitro Evaluation of Eudragit Matrices for Oral Delivery of BCG Vaccine to Animals. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11060270. [PMID: 31185612 PMCID: PMC6630751 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) in humans and animals. It is most commonly administered parenterally, but oral delivery is highly advantageous for the immunisation of cattle and wildlife hosts of TB in particular. Since BCG is susceptible to inactivation in the gut, vaccine formulations were prepared from suspensions of Eudragit L100 copolymer powder and BCG in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), containing Tween® 80, with and without the addition of mannitol or trehalose. Samples were frozen at −20 °C, freeze-dried and the lyophilised powders were compressed to produce BCG–Eudragit matrices. Production of the dried powders resulted in a reduction in BCG viability. Substantial losses in viability occurred at the initial formulation stage and at the stage of powder compaction. Data indicated that the Eudragit matrix protected BCG against simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The matrices remained intact in SGF and dissolved completely in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) within three hours. The inclusion of mannitol or trehalose in the matrix provided additional protection to BCG during freeze-drying. Control needs to be exercised over BCG aggregation, freeze-drying and powder compaction conditions to minimise physical damage of the bacterial cell wall and maximise the viability of oral BCG vaccines prepared by dry powder compaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Allan G A Coombes
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, University of Queensland, School of Pharmacy, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongaba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Mark A Chambers
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, VSM Building, Daphne Jackson Rd, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK.
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Davitt CJH, Longet S, Albutti A, Aversa V, Nordqvist S, Hackett B, McEntee CP, Rosa M, Coulter IS, Lebens M, Tobias J, Holmgren J, Lavelle EC. Alpha-galactosylceramide enhances mucosal immunity to oral whole-cell cholera vaccines. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1055-1064. [PMID: 30953000 PMCID: PMC7746523 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) that results in 3-4 million cases globally with 100,000-150,000 deaths reported annually. Mostly confined to developing nations, current strategies to control the spread of cholera include the provision of safe drinking water and improved sanitation and hygiene, ideally in conjunction with oral vaccination. However, difficulties associated with the costs and logistics of these strategies have hampered their widespread implementation. Specific challenges pertaining to oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) include a lack of safe and effective adjuvants to further enhance gut immune responses, the complex and costly multicomponent vaccine manufacturing, limitations of conventional liquid formulation and the lack of an integrated delivery platform. Herein we describe the use of the orally active adjuvant α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) to strongly enhance intestinal bacterium- and toxin-specific IgA responses to the OCV, Dukoral® in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. We further demonstrate the mucosal immunogenicity of a novel multi-antigen, single-component whole-cell killed V. cholerae strain and the enhancement of its immunogenicity by adding α-GalCer. Finally, we report that combining these components and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the SmPill® minisphere delivery system induced strong intestinal and systemic antigen-specific antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. H. Davitt
- 0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cAdjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Ireland
| | - Stephanie Longet
- 0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cAdjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Ireland
| | - Aqel Albutti
- 0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cAdjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Ireland ,0000 0000 9421 8094grid.412602.3College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 52571 Saudi Arabia
| | - Vincenzo Aversa
- 0000000102380260grid.15596.3eSublimity Therapeutics (Holdco) Ltd, DCU Alpha Innovation Campus, Old Finglas Road, Dublin, D11 KXN4 Ireland
| | - Stefan Nordqvist
- 0000 0000 9919 9582grid.8761.8Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), University of Gothenburg, Box 435, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Becky Hackett
- 0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cAdjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Ireland
| | - Craig P. McEntee
- 0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cAdjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Ireland
| | - Monica Rosa
- 0000000102380260grid.15596.3eSublimity Therapeutics (Holdco) Ltd, DCU Alpha Innovation Campus, Old Finglas Road, Dublin, D11 KXN4 Ireland
| | - Ivan S. Coulter
- 0000000102380260grid.15596.3eSublimity Therapeutics (Holdco) Ltd, DCU Alpha Innovation Campus, Old Finglas Road, Dublin, D11 KXN4 Ireland
| | - Michael Lebens
- 0000 0000 9919 9582grid.8761.8Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), University of Gothenburg, Box 435, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joshua Tobias
- 0000 0000 9919 9582grid.8761.8Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), University of Gothenburg, Box 435, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Holmgren
- 0000 0000 9919 9582grid.8761.8Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), University of Gothenburg, Box 435, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ed C. Lavelle
- 0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cAdjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Ireland ,0000 0004 1936 9705grid.8217.cCentre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland
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Yang Q, Ma Y, Shi K, Yang G, Zhu J. Electrostatic coated controlled porosity osmotic pump with ultrafine powders. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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