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Pharmacokinetic modulation of substrate drugs via the inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters using pharmaceutical excipients. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Lu R, Zhou Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Miao X. Strategies and Mechanism in Reversing Intestinal Drug Efflux in Oral Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061131. [PMID: 35745704 PMCID: PMC9228857 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Efflux transporters distributed at the apical side of human intestinal epithelial cells actively transport drugs from the enterocytes to the intestinal lumen, which could lead to extremely poor absorption of drugs by oral administration. Typical intestinal efflux transporters involved in oral drug absorption process mainly include P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Drug efflux is one of the most important factors resulting in poor absorption of oral drugs. Caco-2 monolayer and everted gut sac are sued to accurately measure drug efflux in vitro. To reverse intestinal drug efflux and improve absorption of oral drugs, a great deal of functional amphiphilic excipients and inhibitors with the function of suppressing efflux transporters activity are generalized in this review. In addition, different strategies of reducing intestinal drugs efflux such as silencing transporters and the application of excipients and inhibitors are introduced. Ultimately, various nano-formulations of improving oral drug absorption by inhibiting intestinal drug efflux are discussed. In conclusion, this review has significant reference for overcoming intestinal drug efflux and improving oral drug absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jinqian Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Jiang L, Xiong Y, Tu Y, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Nie P, Yan X, Liu H, Liu R, Xu G. Elucidation of the Transport Mechanism of Puerarin and Gastrodin and Their Interaction on the Absorption in a Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041230. [PMID: 35209020 PMCID: PMC8875129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin (PUR) and gastrodin (GAS) are often used in combined way for treating diseases caused by microcirculation disorders. The current study aimed to investigate the absorption and transportation mechanism of PUR and GAS and their interaction via Caco-2 monolayer cell model. In this work, the concentration in Caco-2 cell of PUR and GAS was determined by HPLC method. The bidirectional transport of PUR and GAS and the inhibition of drug efflux including verapamil and cyclosporine on the transport of these two components were studied. The mutual influence between PUR and GAS, especially the effect of the latter on the former of the bidirectional transport were also investigated. The transport of 50 μg·mL−1 PUR in Caco-2 cells has no obvious directionality. While the transport of 100 and 200 μg·mL−1 PUR presents a strong directionality, and this directionality can be inhibited by verapamil and cyclosporine. When PUR and GAS were used in combination, GAS could increase the absorption of PUR while PUR had no obvious influence on GAS. Therefore, the compatibility of PUR and GAS is reasonable, and GAS can promote the transmembrane transport of PUR, the effect of which is similar to that of verapamil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yanling Xiong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Yu Tu
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
| | - Qiyun Zhang
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Peng Nie
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hongning Liu
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China;
| | - Guoliang Xu
- Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (L.J.); (Y.T.); (W.Z.); (Q.Z.); (P.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenesis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence:
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He Y, He G, He T. Specifically Targeted Transport of Plasma Membrane Transporters: From Potential Mechanisms for Regulating Cell Health or Disease to Applications. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100736. [PMID: 34677502 PMCID: PMC8538571 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Normal substrate transport and signal transmission are the premise to ensure the health of biological somatic cells. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism of intercellular substrate transport is of great significance for clinical treatment. In order to better understand the membrane protein through its interaction with receptors, to help maintain a healthy cell and the molecular mechanisms of disease, in this paper, we seek to clarify, first of all, the recognition mechanism for different types of membrane protein receptors; pathogen invasion using the transport pathway involved in the membrane; and the latest specific target sites of various kinds of membrane transport carriers; to provide an explanation and summary of the system. Secondly, the downstream receptor proteins and specific substrates of different membrane transporters were classified systematically; the functional differences of different subclasses and their relationship with intracellular transport disorders were analyzed to further explore the potential relationship between cell transport disorders and diseases. Finally, the paper summarizes the use of membrane transporter-specific targets for drug design and development from the latest research results; it points out the transporter-related results in disease treatment; the application prospects and the direction for drug development and disease treatment providing a new train of thought; also for disease-specific targeted therapy, it provides a certain reference value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing He
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.H.); (T.H.)
| | - Guandi He
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.H.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tengbing He
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.H.); (T.H.)
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Nanoplatform-based natural products co-delivery system to surmount cancer multidrug-resistant. J Control Release 2021; 336:396-409. [PMID: 34175367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in malignant tumors is the primary reason for invalid chemotherapy. Antitumor drugs are often adversely affected by the MDR of tumor cells. Treatments using conventional drugs, which have specific drug targets, hardly regulate the complex signaling pathway of MDR cells because of the complex formation mechanism of MDR. However, natural products have positive advantages, such as high efficiency, low toxicity, and ability to target multiple mechanism pathways associated with MDR. Natural products, as MDR reversal agents, synergize with chemotherapeutics and enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutics, and the co-delivery of natural products and antitumor drugs with nanocarriers maximizes the synergistic effects against MDR in tumor cells. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of MDR, the advantages of natural products combined with chemotherapeutics in offsetting complicated MDR mechanisms, and the types and mechanisms of natural products that are potential MDR reversal modulators. Meanwhile, aiming at the low bioavailability of cocktail combined natural products and chemotherapeutic in vivo, the advantages of nanoplatform-based co-delivery system and recent research developments are illustrated on the basis of our previous research. Finally, prospective horizons are analyzed, which are expected to considerably improve the nano-co-delivery of natural products and chemotherapeutic systems for MDR reversal in cancer.
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Takegami S, Konishi A, Okazaki S, Fujiwara M, Kitade T. Effects of mono- and dialkylglucosides on the characterisation and blood circulation of lipid nanoemulsions. J Microencapsul 2019; 36:738-746. [PMID: 31573357 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1671909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Effects of two cosurfactants, n-alkylglycosides with mono- or disaccharide groups - N-nonyl β-D-glucopyranoside (N-Glu) and N-decyl β-D-maltoside (D-Mal) - were studied to the stability in saline solution, interaction with serum albumin, and blood circulation of the lipid nanoemulsion (LNE).Methods: The LNEs composed of soybean oil, phosphatidylcholine, and sodium palmitate were prepared without (Control-LNE) and with N-Glu or D-Mal (NG-LNE and DM-LNE, respectively).Results: In saline solution, NG-LNE exhibited a smaller droplet size than Control-LNE, while the size of DM-LNE was significantly increased compared with the other LNEs. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer method showed that the order of albumin interaction was DM-LNE > NG-LNE > Control-LNE. In vivo blood circulation in mice, showed greater fractions of both NG-LNE and DM-LNE remaining in blood over time compared with Control-LNE.Conclusions: The nature of high stability in saline solution and high affinity for serum albumin led to the prolonged circulation of LNE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiko Takegami
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Konishi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shizuno Okazaki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mai Fujiwara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kitade
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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