1
|
Kirchweger B, Zwirchmayr J, Grienke U, Rollinger JM. The role of Caenorhabditis elegans in the discovery of natural products for healthy aging. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1849-1873. [PMID: 37585263 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2012 to 2023The human population is aging. Thus, the greatest risk factor for numerous diseases, such as diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, is increasing worldwide. Age-related diseases do not typically occur in isolation, but as a result of multi-factorial causes, which in turn require holistic approaches to identify and decipher the mode of action of potential remedies. With the advent of C. elegans as the primary model organism for aging, researchers now have a powerful in vivo tool for identifying and studying agents that effect lifespan and health span. Natural products have been focal research subjects in this respect. This review article covers key developments of the last decade (2012-2023) that have led to the discovery of natural products with healthy aging properties in C. elegans. We (i) discuss the state of knowledge on the effects of natural products on worm aging including methods, assays and involved pathways; (ii) analyze the literature on natural compounds in terms of their molecular properties and the translatability of effects on mammals; (iii) examine the literature on multi-component mixtures with special attention to the studied organisms, extraction methods and efforts regarding the characterization of their chemical composition and their bioactive components. (iv) We further propose to combine small in vivo model organisms such as C. elegans and sophisticated analytical approaches ("wormomics") to guide the way to dissect complex natural products with anti-aging properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kirchweger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Zwirchmayr
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ulrike Grienke
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sadjadi S, Heydari A. Palladated Cyclodextrin Nanosponge-Alginate Dual Bead as an Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes in Aqueous Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3240. [PMID: 37571132 PMCID: PMC10422427 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present a novel composite material consisting of β-cyclodextrin nanosponge and sodium alginate, used as a support for the immobilization of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles. The composite alginate-cyclodextrin nanosponge beads were prepared, taking advantage of the 3D polymeric network and β-cyclodextrin cavity of the nanosponge. These beads exhibited excellent encapsulation capabilities for hydrophobic substrates, allowing their transfer in aqueous media. The cyclodextrin nanosponge served as a stabilizer for Pd nanoparticles and facilitated phase transfer. Additionally, the sodium alginate bead contributed to the robustness of the structure and improved the recovery and recyclability of the composite material. Comparative studies with control catalysts confirmed the beneficial effect of incorporating cyclodextrin nanosponge within alginate beads, particularly for more hydrophobic substrates. Optimization of reaction conditions revealed that employing 0.03 g of catalyst per mmol of nitroarene at 45 °C resulted in the maximum yield within 90 min. Evaluation of the substrate scope demonstrated the hydrogenation capability of various substrates with different electronic properties under the developed protocol. Notably, the nitro group was selectively reduced in substrates featuring competing functionalities. Furthermore, the recyclability and stability of the composite catalyst were confirmed, making it a promising candidate for sustainable catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran 14977-13115, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Heydari
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shao X, Zhang M, Chen Y, Sun S, Yang S, Li Q. Exosome-mediated delivery of superoxide dismutase for anti-aging studies in Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Pharm 2023; 641:123090. [PMID: 37268030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a dynamic and progressive process mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) can effectively scavenge ROS to extend longevity. However, the instability and impermeability of native enzyme limit its in vivo biomedical application. Currently, exosome as protein carriers attracts considerable attention in the disease treatment owing to low immunogenicity and high stability. Herein, SOD was encapsulated into exosomes via mechanical extrusion with saponin permeabilization to obtain SOD-loaded EXO (SOD@EXO). SOD@EXO with a hydrodynamic diameter of 101.7 ± 5.6 nm could scavenge excessive ROS and protect the cells from oxidative damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine. Compared with native SOD, SOD@EXO significantly extended the lifespan of N2 wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans under normal conditions. Moreover, SOD@EXO improved the resistance against heat and oxidative stress, leading to notable survival ratio under these hostile conditions. Overall, the exosome-mediated delivery of SOD could reduce ROS level and delay aging in C. elegans model, thereby providing potential strategies to treat ROS-related diseases in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Shao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Mengzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yingxuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shengcai Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Quanshun Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Monfared YK, Pedrazzo AR, Mahmoudian M, Caldera F, Zakeri-Milani P, Valizadeh H, Cavalli R, Matencio A, Trotta F. Oral supplementation of solvent-free kynurenic acid/cyclodextrin nanosponges complexes increased its bioavailability. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113101. [PMID: 36529037 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Many nutraceuticals present problems due to their poor water solubility or stability, which prevents the final bioactivity achievement. For that reason, the oral administration of KYNA complexed with HPβ-CD and βNS-CDI nanosponges was evaluated in mice. The solvent-free technology was used to prepare the complexes in a complete comparison between kneading in ball milling and classical inclusion complex preparation. The solvent-free ones showed higher strength and efficiency with ball milling, considerably reducing time. A 50 mg KYNA/kg/day dosage was orally administered in formulations showing a higher bioavailability when the nutraceutical was complexed with βNS-CDI compared to HPβ-CD and free KYNA, respectively. Several antioxidant statuses demonstrated a higher global antioxidant level perfectly related to bioavailability. Finally, the formulation of KYNA reduced the temporal oxidative stress damage in the kidney and liver, making βNS-CDI the best formulation. These results suggest an important future application of cyclodextrin-based nanosponges for the oral delivery of nutraceuticals and their stabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Rubin Pedrazzo
- Dipartimento Di Chimica and NIS, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Dipartimento Di Chimica and NIS, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Parvin Zakeri-Milani
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e tecnologia del farmaco, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Adrián Matencio
- Dipartimento Di Chimica and NIS, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Dipartimento Di Chimica and NIS, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hyper-Branched Cyclodextrin-Based Polymers as Anticoagulant Agents: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120765. [PMID: 36550971 PMCID: PMC9774232 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the anticoagulant effect of cyclodextrin (CD) hyper-branched-based polymers (HBCD-Pols). These polymers were synthesized and tested for their coagulant characteristics in vitro and in vivo. Due to their polymeric structure and anionic nature, the polymers can chelate Ca2+, reducing the free quantity in blood. HBCD-Pol increased the blood clotting time, PT, and aPTT 3.5 times over the control, showing a better effect than even ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), as occured with recalcification time as well. A titration of HBCD-Pol and EDTA showed exciting differences in the ability to complex Ca2+ between both materials. Before executing in vivo studies, a hemocompatibility study was carried out with less than 5% red blood cell hemolysis. The fibrinogen consumption and bleeding time were analyzed in vivo. The fibrinogen was considerably decreased in the presence of HBCD-Pol in a higher grade than EDTA, while the bleeding time was longer with HBCD-Pols. The results demonstrate that the anticoagulant effect of this HBCD-Pol opens novel therapy possibilities due to the possible transport of drugs in this carrier. This would give combinatorial effects and a potential novel anticoagulant therapy with HBCD-Pol per se.
Collapse
|
6
|
Characterization, Stability, and Antibrowning Effects of Oxyresveratrol Cyclodextrin Complexes Combined Use of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162471. [PMID: 36010470 PMCID: PMC9407340 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxyresveratrol (Oxy) has attracted much attention by employing it as an antibrowning agent in fruits and vegetables. In this study, the formation of cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion exhibited a certain protective effect on Oxy oxidative degradation, while hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP–β-CD) inclusion complex showed stronger stabilizing effects than those of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The combined use of CD and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) greatly improved the stability of Oxy–CD inclusion complexes, with approximately 70% of the trans-Oxy retained after 30 days of storage under light conditions at 25 °C. The results of the interaction between CD and Oxy determined by phase solubility studies and fluorescence spectroscopic analysis showed that the binding strength of CD and Oxy increased in the presence of HPMC. Moreover, Oxy combined with ascorbic acid and HPMC showed an excellent antibrowning effect on fresh-cut apple slices during the 48 h test period, indicating that adding HPMC as the third component will not influence the antibrowning activity of Oxy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Utzeri G, Matias PMC, Murtinho D, Valente AJM. Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges: Overview and Opportunities. Front Chem 2022; 10:859406. [PMID: 35402388 PMCID: PMC8987506 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.859406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosponges are solid cross-linked polymeric nano-sized porous structures. This broad concept involves, among others, metal organic frameworks and hydrogels. The focus of this manuscript is on cyclodextrin-based nanosponges. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligomers of glucose derived from starch. The combined external hydrophilicity with the internal hydrophobic surface constitute a unique “microenvironment”, that confers cyclodextrins the peculiar ability to form inclusion host‒guest complexes with many hydrophobic substances. These complexes may impart beneficial modifications of the properties of guest molecules such as solubility enhancement and stabilization of labile guests. These properties complemented with the possibility of using different crosslinkers and high polymeric surface, make these sponges highly suitable for a large range of applications. Despite that, in the last 2 decades, cyclodextrin-based nanosponges have been developed for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, taking advantage of the nontoxicity of cyclodextrins towards humans. This paper provides a critical and timely compilation of the contributions involving cyclodextrins nanosponges for those areas, but also paves the way for other important applications, including water and soil remediation and catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Utzeri
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro M C Matias
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dina Murtinho
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur J M Valente
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Navarro-Orcajada S, Conesa I, Vidal-Sánchez FJ, Matencio A, Albaladejo-Maricó L, García-Carmona F, López-Nicolás JM. Stilbenes: Characterization, bioactivity, encapsulation and structural modifications. A review of their current limitations and promising approaches. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7269-7287. [PMID: 35234546 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Stilbenes are phenolic compounds naturally synthesized as secondary metabolites by the shikimate pathway in plants. Research on them has increased in recent years due to their therapeutic potential as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective and anti-obesity agents. Amongst them, resveratrol has attracted the most attention, although there are other natural and synthesized stilbenes with enhanced properties. However, stilbenes have some physicochemical and pharmacokinetic problems that need to be overcome before considering their applications. Human clinical evidence of their bioactivity is still controversial due to this fact and hence, exhaustive basis science on stilbenes is needed before applied science. This review gathers the main physicochemical and biological properties of natural stilbenes, establishes structure-activity relationships among them, emphasizing the current problems that limit their applications and presenting some promising approaches to overcome these issues: the encapsulation in different agents and the structural modification to obtain novel stilbenes with better features. The bioactivity of stilbenes should move from promising to evident.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Navarro-Orcajada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Conesa
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Vidal-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Lorena Albaladejo-Maricó
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Carmona
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matencio A, Rubin Pedrazzo A, Difalco A, Navarro-Orcajada S, Khazeai Monfared Y, Conesa I, Rezayat A, López-Nicolás JM, Trotta F. Advances and Classification of Cyclodextrin-Based Polymers for Food-Related Issues. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4226. [PMID: 34883729 PMCID: PMC8659987 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a good alternative to reduce or enhance different biomolecule characteristics and have demonstrated great results in food science. However, CDs present intrinsic limitations that can be solved by derivative synthesis. This review represents a survey of the state of the art of CD-based materials and their uses in food science. A deep review of the structure is carried out and different groups for ordination are suggested. After that, different applications such as cholesterol complexation or its use as sensors are reviewed. The derivatives show novel and promising activities for the industry. A critical perspective of the materials suggests that they might not present toxicity, although more studies are required. These points suggest that the research in this field will be increased in the following years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Matencio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.R.P.); (A.D.); (Y.K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Alberto Rubin Pedrazzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.R.P.); (A.D.); (Y.K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandro Difalco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.R.P.); (A.D.); (Y.K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Silvia Navarro-Orcajada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, Biology Teaching Unit, Facultad de Veterinaria, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-O.); (I.C.); (J.M.L.-N.)
| | - Yousef Khazeai Monfared
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.R.P.); (A.D.); (Y.K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Irene Conesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, Biology Teaching Unit, Facultad de Veterinaria, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-O.); (I.C.); (J.M.L.-N.)
| | - Azam Rezayat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.R.P.); (A.D.); (Y.K.M.); (A.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6813833946, Iran
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, Biology Teaching Unit, Facultad de Veterinaria, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-O.); (I.C.); (J.M.L.-N.)
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.R.P.); (A.D.); (Y.K.M.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Palladated composite of MOF and cyclodextrin nanosponge: A novel catalyst for hydrogenation reaction. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Likhitwitayawuid K. Oxyresveratrol: Sources, Productions, Biological Activities, Pharmacokinetics, and Delivery Systems. Molecules 2021; 26:4212. [PMID: 34299485 PMCID: PMC8307110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxyresveratrol has recently attracted much research attention due to its simple chemical structure and diverse therapeutic potentials. Previous reviews describe the chemistry and biological activities of this phytoalexin, but additional coverage and greater accessibility are still needed. The current review provides a more comprehensive summary, covering research from 1955 to the present year. Oxyresveratrol occurs in both gymnosperms and angiosperms. However, it has never been reported in plants in the subclass Sympetalae, and this point might be of both chemotaxonomic and biosynthetic importance. Oxyresveratrol can be easily obtained from plant materials by conventional methods, and several systems for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of oxyresveratrol contents in plant materials and plant products are available. Oxyresveratrol possesses diverse biological and pharmacological activities such as the inhibition of tyrosinase and melanogenesis, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and protective effects against neurological disorders and digestive ailments. However, the unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties of oxyresveratrol, including low water solubility and poor oral availability and stability, have posed challenges to its development as a useful therapeutic agent. Recently, several delivery systems have emerged, with promising outcomes that may improve chances for the clinical study of oxyresveratrol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Matencio A, Caldera F, Cecone C, López-Nicolás JM, Trotta F. Cyclic Oligosaccharides as Active Drugs, an Updated Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E281. [PMID: 33003610 PMCID: PMC7601923 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been many reviews of the cyclic oligosaccharide cyclodextrin (CD) and CD-based materials used for drug delivery, but the capacity of CDs to complex different agents and their own intrinsic properties suggest they might also be considered for use as active drugs, not only as carriers. The aim of this review is to summarize the direct use of CDs as drugs, without using its complexing potential with other substances. The direct application of another oligosaccharide called cyclic nigerosyl-1,6-nigerose (CNN) is also described. The review is divided into lipid-related diseases, aggregation diseases, antiviral and antiparasitic activities, anti-anesthetic agent, function in diet, removal of organic toxins, CDs and collagen, cell differentiation, and finally, their use in contact lenses in which no drug other than CDs are involved. In the case of CNN, its application as a dietary supplement and immunological modulator is explained. Finally, a critical structure-activity explanation is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Matencio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Claudio Cecone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain;
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| |
Collapse
|