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Wu D, Luo R, Chen Y, Zheng Z, Gui S, He N. Preparation, characterisation, pharmacokinetics and distribution of esculin microspheres administered via intravitreal injection into rabbit brain. Xenobiotica 2024; 54:233-247. [PMID: 38638108 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2341402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the distribution of esculin microspheres in rabbit brain tissue following intravitreal injection and investigated the possibility of direct entry of the drug into the brain through the eye, to develop a formulation with enhanced therapeutic efficacy against Parkinson's disease.Chitosan microspheres of esculin were prepared via an emulsification cross-linking method and their characteristics were evaluated, including angle of repose, bulk density, and swelling ratio. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic parameters and brain tissue distribution in rabbits were compared among groups administered esculin eye drops, intravitreal esculin solution, and intravitreal esculin microspheres, to determine whether esculin could enter the brain through an ocular route.The results showed that the prepared esculin microspheres were spherical and had good fluidity. Notably, intravitreal administration enhanced the area under the curve (AUC) of esculin in the thalamus. Delivery through microspheres prolonged the drug retention time in both rabbit plasma and brain tissues, as well as the brain-targeting efficiency of esculin.The collective findings indicated that there may be a direct eye-brain pathway facilitating enter of esculin microspheres into brain tissue after intravitreal injection, supporting the utility of intravitreal esculin microspheres as an effective therapeutic formulation for Parkinson's disease, a long-term chronic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yangnan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiyun Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
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Hui H, Miao H, Qiu F, Lin Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Jiang B. Adjunctive dexamethasone palmitate use for intercostal nerve block after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: A prospective, randomized control trial. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19156. [PMID: 37662806 PMCID: PMC10474424 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The efficacy of dexamethasone palmitate in extending durations of local anesthetic blocks is uncertain. In a randomized, double-blind study of patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, we tested whether intravenous or perineural dexamethasone palmitate caused prolonged analgesia after intercostal nerve block. Methods A total of 90 patients subjected to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery between May and December 2022 were randomly assigned to one of three intercostal nerve blocks study arms (n = 30 each), requiring the addition of 0.5% ropivacaine (23 ml) as follows: controls (C group), 2 ml saline; IV-DXP group, 2 ml saline + 2 ml (8 mg) intravenous dexamethasone palmitate; and PN-DXP group, 2 ml (8 mg) perineural dexamethasone palmitate. Time to first postoperative remedial analgesia served as primary outcome measure. Secondary endpoints included postoperative opioid consumption, pain scores by Visual Analog Scale, analgesia satisfaction, and related adverse effects. Results Compared with controls or the IV-DXP group, time to first postoperative remedial analgesia was longer and postoperative opioid consumption for rescue analgesia was lower in the PN-DXP group (p < 0.01). Similarly, the Visual Analog Scale scores in patients at 8, 12, 18, and 24 h postoperatively were lower in the PN-DXP group than in controls and the IV-DXP group (p < 0.01). Patient satisfaction was statistically lower in the PN-DXP group, compared with either the control or IV-DXP group (p < 0.05). Clinically, the three groups did not differ significantly in occurrences of adverse effects during the 48-h postoperative monitoring period (p > 0.05). Conclusions Perineural dexamethasone palmitate is a promising adjunct to ropivacaine intercostal nerve block by prolonging analgesia with almost no related adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yangui Lin
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaming Li
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Ur-Rehman M, Reynaud F, Lepetre S, Abreu S, Chaminade P, Fattal E, Tsapis N. Modulation of release and pharmacokinetics from nanoscale lipid prodrugs of dexamethasone with variable linkage chemistry. J Control Release 2023; 360:293-303. [PMID: 37391032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to tune drug release and subsequent pharmacokinetics once administered intravenously, we have synthesized three lipid-drug conjugates (LDCs) of dexamethasone (DXM) each possessing a different lipid-drug chemical linkage: namely ester, carbamate and carbonate. These LDCs were thoroughly characterized before being turned into nanoscale particles by an emulsion-evaporation process using DSPE-PEG2000 (Distearoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine-N-(methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000) as the only excipient. Spherical nanoparticles (NPs) of about 140-170 nm, with a negative zeta potential, were obtained for each LDC and exhibited good stability upon storage at 4 °C for 45 days with no recrystallization of LDCs observed. LDC encapsulation efficacy was above 95% for the three LDCs, leading to a LDC loading of about 90% and an equivalent DXM loading above 50%. Although the ester and carbonate NPs did not exhibit any toxicity up to an equivalent DXM concentration of 100 μg/mL, the carbamate LDC NPs appeared very toxic towards RAW 264.7 macrophages and were discarded. Both ester and carbonate LDC NPs were shown to exert anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-activated macrophages. DXM release from LDC NPs in murine plasma was faster from ester than from carbonate NPs. Finally, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution were conducted, showing a lower exposure to DXM from carbonate LDC NPs than from ester LDC NPs, correlated with the slower DXM release from carbonate LDC NPs. These results outline the need for extended studies to find the best prodrug system for extended drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujeeb Ur-Rehman
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; L.E.J. Nanotechnology Center, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Franceline Reynaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; Université de Lorraine, CITHEFOR EA3452, Faculté de Pharmacie, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sinda Lepetre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Sonia Abreu
- Université Paris-Saclay, Lipides : systèmes analytiques et biologiques, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Chaminade
- Université Paris-Saclay, Lipides : systèmes analytiques et biologiques, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Elias Fattal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
| | - Nicolas Tsapis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
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Dandamudi M, McLoughlin P, Behl G, Rani S, Coffey L, Chauhan A, Kent D, Fitzhenry L. Chitosan-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulating Triamcinolone Acetonide as a Potential Candidate for Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1590. [PMID: 34683883 PMCID: PMC8541202 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current treatment for the acquired retinal vasculopathies involves lifelong repeated intravitreal injections of either anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy or modulation of inflammation with steroids. Consequently, any treatment modification that decreases this treatment burden for patients and doctors alike would be a welcome intervention. To that end, this research aims to develop a topically applied nanoparticulate system encapsulating a corticosteroid for extended drug release. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) supports the controlled release of the encapsulated drug, while surface modification of these NPs with chitosan might prolong the mucoadhesion ability leading to improved bioavailability of the drug. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-loaded chitosan-coated PLGA NPs were fabricated using the oil-in-water emulsion technique. The optimized surface-modified NPs obtained using Box-Behnken response surface statistical design were reproducible with a particle diameter of 334 ± 67.95 to 386 ± 15.14 nm and PDI between 0.09 and 0.15. These NPs encapsulated 55-57% of TA and displayed a controlled release of the drug reaching a plateau in 27 h. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis demonstrated characteristic peaks for chitosan (C-H, CONH2 and C-O at 2935, 1631 and 1087 cm-1, respectively) in chitosan-coated PLGA NPs. This result data, coupled with positive zeta potential values (ranged between +26 and +33 mV), suggests the successful coating of chitosan onto PLGA NPs. Upon coating of the NPs, the thermal stability of the drug, polymer, surfactant and PLGA NPs have been enhanced. The characteristics of the surface-modified NPs supports their use as potential candidates for topical ocular drug delivery for acquired retinal vasculopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Dandamudi
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (P.M.); (G.B.); (S.R.); (L.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Peter McLoughlin
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (P.M.); (G.B.); (S.R.); (L.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Gautam Behl
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (P.M.); (G.B.); (S.R.); (L.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Sweta Rani
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (P.M.); (G.B.); (S.R.); (L.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Lee Coffey
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (P.M.); (G.B.); (S.R.); (L.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Colorado, CO 80401, USA;
| | - David Kent
- The Vision Clinic, R95 XC98 Kilkenny, Ireland;
| | - Laurence Fitzhenry
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (P.M.); (G.B.); (S.R.); (L.C.); (L.F.)
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