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Karve T, Dandekar A, Agrahari V, Melissa Peet M, Banga AK, Doncel GF. Long-acting transdermal drug delivery formulations: Current developments and innovative pharmaceutical approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115326. [PMID: 38692457 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Transdermal administration remains an active research and development area as an alternative route for long-acting drug delivery. It avoids major drawbacks of conventional oral (gastrointestinal side effects, low drug bioavailability, and need for multiple dosing) or parenteral routes (invasiveness, pain, and psychological stress and bio-hazardous waste generated from needles), thereby increasing patient appeal and compliance. This review focuses on the current state of long-acting transdermal drug delivery, including adhesive patches, microneedles, and molecularly imprinted polymeric systems. Each subsection describes an approach including key considerations in formulation development, design, and process parameters with schematics. An overview of commercially available conventional (adhesive) patches for long-acting drug delivery (longer than 24 h), the reservoir- and matrix-type systems under preclinical evaluation, as well as the advanced transdermal formulations, such as the core-shell, nanoformulations-incorporated and stimuli-responsive microneedles, and 3D-printed and molecularly imprinted polymers that are in development, is also provided. Finally, we elaborated on translational aspects, challenges in patch formulation development, and future directions for the clinical advancement of new long-acting transdermal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Karve
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Amruta Dandekar
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Vivek Agrahari
- CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
| | - M Melissa Peet
- CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Ajay K Banga
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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2
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Li Y, Wang J, Vora LK, Sabri AHB, McGuckin MB, Paredes AJ, Donnelly RF. Dissolving microarray patches loaded with a rotigotine nanosuspension: A potential alternative to Neupro® patch. J Control Release 2024; 372:304-317. [PMID: 38906420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting about ten million people globally, presents a significant health challenge. Rotigotine (RTG), a dopamine agonist, is currently administered as a transdermal patch (Neupro®) for PD treatment, but the daily application can be burdensome and cause skin irritation. This study introduces a combinatorial approach of dissolving microarray patch (MAP) and nanosuspension (NS) for the transdermal delivery of RTG, offering an alternative to Neupro®. The RTG-NS was formulated using a miniaturized media milling method, resulting in a nano-formulation with a mean particle size of 274.09 ± 7.43 nm, a PDI of 0.17 ± 0.04 and a zeta potential of -15.24 ± 2.86 mV. The in vitro dissolution study revealed an enhanced dissolution rate of the RTG-NS in comparison to the coarse RTG powder, under sink condition. The RTG-NS MAPs, containing a drug layer and a 'drug-free' supporting baseplate, have a drug content of 3.06 ± 0.15 mg/0.5 cm2 and demonstrated greater amount of drug delivered per unit area (∼0.52 mg/0.5 cm2) than Neupro® (∼0.20 mg/1 cm2) in an ex vivo Franz cell study using full-thickness neonatal porcine skin. The in vivo pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that RTG-NS MAPs, though smaller (2 cm2 for dissolving MAPs and 6 cm2 for Neupro®), delivered drug levels comparable to Neupro®, indicating higher efficiency per unit area. This could potentially avoid unnecessarily high plasma levels after the next dose at 24 h, highlighting the benefits of dissolving MAPs over conventional transdermal patches in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaocun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Jiawen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Akmal Hidayat Bin Sabri
- Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Mary B McGuckin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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3
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Dai X, Permana AD, Li M, Habibie, Nur Amir M, Peng K, Zhang C, Dai H, Paredes AJ, Vora LK, Donnelly RF. Calcipotriol Nanosuspension-Loaded Trilayer Dissolving Microneedle Patches for the Treatment of Psoriasis: In Vitro Delivery and In Vivo Antipsoriatic Activity Studies. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2813-2827. [PMID: 38752564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis, affecting 2-3% of the global population, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition without a definitive cure. Current treatments focus on managing symptoms. Recognizing the need for innovative drug delivery methods to enhance patient adherence, this study explores a new approach using calcipotriol monohydrate (CPM), a primary topical treatment for psoriasis. Despite its effectiveness, CPM's therapeutic potential is often limited by factors like the greasiness of topical applications, poor skin permeability, low skin retention, and lack of controlled delivery. To overcome these challenges, the study introduces CPM in the form of nanosuspensions (NSs), characterized by an average particle size of 211 ± 2 nm. These CPM NSs are then incorporated into a trilayer dissolving microneedle patch (MAP) made from poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and w poly(vinyl alcohol) as needle arrays and prefrom 3D printed polylactic acid backing layer. This MAP features rapidly dissolving tips and exhibits good mechanical properties and insertion capability with delivery efficiency compared to the conventional Daivonex ointment. The effectiveness of this novel MAP was tested on Sprague-Dawley rats with imiquimod-induced psoriasis, demonstrating efficacy comparable to the marketed ointment. This innovative trilayer dissolving MAP represents a promising new local delivery system for calcipotriol, potentially revolutionizing psoriasis treatment by enhancing drug delivery and patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbing Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Habibie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nur Amir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Haodong Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
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4
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Luo W, Zhang X, Chu Y, Chen T, Sun H, Liu J, Zhang G, Fan L, Xu H, Zhang Y, Yang M. Incorporation of Finasteride-Loaded Microspheres into Personalized Microneedle for Sustained Transdermal Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10551-10560. [PMID: 38710593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Although finasteride (FNS) tablets are considered the most effective drug for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA), their clinical applications are limited due to the associated side effects including decreased libido, breast enlargement, and liver dysfunction. In this study, we have developed a personalized microneedle (PMN) with a double-layer structure that incorporates FNS-loaded microspheres (MPs) to accommodate irregular skin surfaces. This design enables the sustained release of FNS, thereby reducing potential side effects. The needle body was synthesized with high-strength hyaluronic acid (HA) as the base material substrate. The backing layer utilized methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) with specific toughness, enabling PMN to penetrate the skin while adapting to various skin environments. The length of PMN needles (10 × 10) was approximately 600 μm, with the bottom of the needles measuring about 330 μm × 330 μm. The distance between adjacent tips was around 600 μm, allowing the drug to penetrate the stratum corneum of the skin. The results of the drug release investigation indicated the sustained and regulated release of FNS from PMN, as compared to that of pure FNS and FNS-MPs. Further, the cytotoxicity assay demonstrates that PMS displays good cytocompatibility. Altogether, this mode of administration has immense potential for the development of delivery of other drugs, as well as in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzuo Luo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xingui Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Chu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huixuan Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Guoxing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Fan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Haixing Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Han kou Hospital, Wuhan 430012, P. R. China
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5
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Li Y, Vora LK, Wang J, Sabri AHB, Graham A, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Poly(acrylic acid)/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Microarray Patches for Continuous Transdermal Delivery of Levodopa and Carbidopa: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:676. [PMID: 38794339 PMCID: PMC11125810 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Levodopa (LD) has been the most efficacious medication and the gold standard therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) for decades. However, its long-term administration is usually associated with motor complications, which are believed to be the result of the fluctuating pharmacokinetics of LD following oral administration. Duodopa® is the current option to offer a continuous delivery of LD and its decarboxylase inhibitor carbidopa (CD); however, its administration involves invasive surgical procedures, which could potentially lead to lifelong complications, such as infection. Recently, dissolving microarray patches (MAPs) have come to the fore as an alternative that can bypass the oral administration route in a minimally invasive way. This work explored the potential of using dissolving MAPs to deliver LD and CD across the skin. An acidic polymer poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was used in the MAP fabrication to prevent the potential oxidation of LD at neutral pH. The drug contents of LD and CD in the formulated dissolving MAPs were 1.82 ± 0.24 and 0.47 ± 0.04 mg/patch, respectively. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study using female Sprague-Dawley® rats (Envigo RMS Holding Corp, Bicester, UK) demonstrated a simultaneous delivery of LD and CD and comparable AUC values between the dissolving MAPs and the oral LD/CD suspension. The relative bioavailability for the dissolving MAPs was calculated to be approximately 37.22%. Accordingly, this work highlights the use of dissolving MAPs as a minimally invasive approach which could potentially bypass the gastrointestinal pathway and deliver both drugs continuously without surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (Y.L.); (L.K.V.); (J.W.); (A.H.B.S.); (A.G.); (H.O.M.)
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6
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Meng F, Qiao X, Xin C, Ju X, He M. Recent progress of polymeric microneedle-assisted long-acting transdermal drug delivery. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:12434. [PMID: 38571937 PMCID: PMC10987780 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN)-assisted drug delivery technology has gained increasing attention over the past two decades. Its advantages of self-management and being minimally invasive could allow this technology to be an alternative to hypodermic needles. MNs can penetrate the stratum corneum and deliver active ingredients to the body through the dermal tissue in a controlled and sustained release. Long-acting polymeric MNs can reduce administration frequency to improve patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes, especially in the management of chronic diseases. In addition, long-acting MNs could avoid gastrointestinal reactions and reduce side effects, which has potential value for clinical application. In this paper, advances in design strategies and applications of long-acting polymeric MNs are reviewed. We also discuss the challenges in scale manufacture and regulations of polymeric MN systems. These two aspects will accelerate the effective clinical translation of MN products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanda Meng
- College of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Qiao
- College of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chenglong Xin
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ju
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Meilin He
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai, Shandong, China
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7
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Eltayib EM, Himawan A, Detamornrat U, Muhtadi WK, Li H, Li L, Vora L, Donnelly RF. Porous microneedle arrays as promising tools for the quantification of drugs in the skin: a proof of concept study. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:164-175. [PMID: 38363720 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2319734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate the potential of using porous microneedles (PMNs) as a promising tool for the noninvasive quantification of topically applied pharmaceutical products. We fabricated a porous microneedle (PMN) from a blend of cellulose acetate and dimethyl sulfoxide by casting and phase separation; it was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and a Texture Analyzer. An ex vivo study was conducted as a proof-of-concept study to assess whether this PMN could be used to quantify drug absorption through the skin after the topical administration of two nonequivalent products of sodium ibuprofen (gel and dissolving microneedles). Three cellulose acetate formulations (PMN1: 37.5%, PMN-2: 44.4%, and PMN-3: 50%) were used to prepare PMN patches; subsequently, these were evaluated for their morphological and insertion properties. Only PMN-2 microneedle patches were chosen to continue with the ex vivo study. The ex vivo study results demonstrated that PMNs could absorb and release sodium ibuprofen (SDIB) and differentiate between two different SDIB topical products. This can be attributed to the porous and interconnected architecture of these microneedles. This developmental study highlights the potential success of such a tool for the quantification of dermal drug concentration and supports moving to in vivo tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyman M Eltayib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Achmad Himawan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Luchi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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8
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Xiao T, Li B, Lai R, Liu Z, Xiong S, Li X, Zeng Y, Jiao S, Tang Y, Lu Y, Xu Y. Active pharmaceutical ingredient-ionic liquids assisted follicular co-delivery of ferulic acid and finasteride for enhancing targeted anti-alopecia. Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123624. [PMID: 37984619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the primary hair loss with impairing patients' quality of life. Finasteride (FIN) is an SRD5A2 inhibitor for AGA treatment, but oral FIN causes systemic adverse effects. Topical FIN delivery is anticipated to overcome this problem. Ferulic acid (FA) is a natural phenolic acid with vascular remodeling and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, an active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquid (API IL) based on choline and FA (CF-IL) is for the first time constructed to load FIN for fabricating FIN CF-IL. CF-IL aims to act as carriers and cargos and enhance hair follicle (HF) co-delivery of FA and FIN for synergistic anti-alopecia. Thermal and spectroscopic analysis combined with quantum chemistry calculations and molecular dynamics confirm the formation of CF-IL. The CF-IL simultaneously increases the solubility of FA (∼648-fold) and FIN (∼686-fold), enhances the permeation and retention of FIN and FA through the follicular pathway, and promotes cellular uptake. FIN CFIL regulates the abnormal mRNA expressions in dihydrotestosterone-irritated hDPCs, and promotes hair regrowth in AGA mice in a combined manner with FIN and FA. These findings suggest that FA-based API IL is a promising approach for percutaneously co-delivering FA and FIN to HF, providing an enhanced targeting treatment for AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rongrong Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sha Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Siwen Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujia Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuehong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Vora LK, Sabri AH, Naser Y, Himawan A, Hutton ARJ, Anjani QK, Volpe-Zanutto F, Mishra D, Li M, Rodgers AM, Paredes AJ, Larrañeta E, Thakur RRS, Donnelly RF. Long-acting microneedle formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115055. [PMID: 37597586 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The minimally-invasive and painless nature of microneedle (MN) application has enabled the technology to obviate many issues with injectable drug delivery. MNs not only administer therapeutics directly into the dermal and ocular space, but they can also control the release profile of the active compound over a desired period. To enable prolonged delivery of payloads, various MN types have been proposed and evaluated, including dissolving MNs, polymeric MNs loaded or coated with nanoparticles, fast-separable MNs hollow MNs, and hydrogel MNs. These intricate yet intelligent delivery platforms provide an attractive approach to decrease side effects and administration frequency, thus offer the potential to increase patient compliance. In this review, MN formulations that are loaded with various therapeutics for long-acting delivery to address the clinical needs of a myriad of diseases are discussed. We also highlight the design aspects, such as polymer selection and MN geometry, in addition to computational and mathematical modeling of MNs that are necessary to help streamline and develop MNs with high translational value and clinical impact. Finally, up-scale manufacturing and regulatory hurdles along with potential avenues that require further research to bring MN technology to the market are carefully considered. It is hoped that this review will provide insight to formulators and clinicians that the judicious selection of materials in tandem with refined design may offer an elegant approach to achieve sustained delivery of payloads through the simple and painless application of a MN patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Yara Naser
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Achmad Himawan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Aaron R J Hutton
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Aoife M Rodgers
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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10
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Abu Ershaid JM, Vora LK, Volpe-Zanutto F, Sabri AH, Peng K, Anjani QK, McKenna PE, Ripolin A, Larrañeta E, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Microneedle array patches for sustained delivery of fluphenazine: A micron scale approach for the management of schizophrenia. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213526. [PMID: 37348183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe chronic mental illness characterised by impaired emotional and cognitive functioning. To treat this condition, antipsychotics are available in limited dosage forms, mainly oral and injectable formulations. Although injectable antipsychotics were designed to enhance adherence, they are invasive, painful and require a healthcare professional to be administered. To overcome such administration issues, extensive research has been focused on developing transdermal antipsychotic formulations. In this work, three microneedle (MN) systems were developed to deliver fluphenazine (FLU) systemically. A decanoic prodrug of FLU called fluphenazine decanoate (FLUD) was used in two of the MN formulations due to its high lipophilicity. FLU-D was loaded into dissolving MNs and nanoemulsion (NE)-loaded MNs. The parent drug FLU was loaded into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-tipped MNs. All MN systems were characterised and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo evaluation of the three developed MN systems showed their ability to deliver FLU into the systemic circulation, as the Cmax of FLU-D dissolving MNs was 36.11 ± 12.37 ng/ml. However, the Cmax of FLU-D NE loaded dissolving MNs was 12.92 ± 6.3 ng/ml and for FLU-PLGA tipped MNs was 21.57 ± 2.45 ng/ml. Compared to an intramuscular (IM) injection of FLU-D in sesame oil, the relative bioavailabilities were 26.96 %, 21.73 % and 42.45 % for FLU-D dissolving MNs, FLU-D NE dissolving MNs and FLU-PLGA tipped MNs, respectively. FLU plasma levels were maintained above the minimum human therapeutic limits for a week. Consequently, these various MN formulations are considered to be a viable options for the transdermal delivery of fluphenazine and its prodrug. The three MN systems developed offer patients a user-friendly, painless, and convenient long-acting delivery method for FLU. Reducing dosing frequency and using less invasive drug administration methods can enhance adherence and foster positive therapeutic outcomes. This study demonstrates the capability and adaptability of MNs technology to transport hydrophobic molecules from the skin to the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhaina M Abu Ershaid
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; School of Pharmacy, Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R. Cândido Portinari, 200 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-871, University of Campinas, Brazil
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita K Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Anastasia Ripolin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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11
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Li P, Sun Y, Nie L, Shavandi A, Yunusov KE, Hua Y, Jiang G. Fabrication of carboxymethyl cellulose/hyaluronic acid/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite pastes incorporation of minoxidil-loaded ferulic acid-derived lignin nanoparticles and valproic acid for treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126013. [PMID: 37517761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a transracial and cross-gender disease worldwide with a higher prevalence among young individuals. Traditional oral or subcutaneous injections are often used to treat AGA, however, they may cause severe side-effects and therefore effective treatments for AGA are currently lacking. In this work, to treat AGA, we developed a composite paste system based on minoxidil (MXD)-loaded nanoparticles and valproic acid (VPA) with the assistance of roller-microneedles (roller-MNs). The matrix of composite paste systems is carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hyaluronic acid (HA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The roller-MNs can create microchannels in the skin to enhance drug transdermal efficiency. With the combined effects of the stimulation hair follicle (HF) regrowth by upregulating Wnt/beta-catenin of VPA and the mechanical microchannels induced by roller-MNs, the as-prepared composite paste systems successfully boost perifollicular vascularization, and activate hair follicle stem cells, thereby inducing notably faster hair regeneration at a lower administration frequency on AGA mouse model compared with minoxidil. This approach offers several benefits, including the avoidance of efficacy loss due to the liver's first-pass effect associated with oral drug, reduction in the risk of infection from subcutaneous injection, and significant decrease in the side effects of lower-dose MXD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khaydar E Yunusov
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent 100128, Uzbekistan
| | - Yinjian Hua
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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12
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Woo MR, Prausnitz MR. Modulation of hair growth by topical drug delivery enhanced by STAR particles. J Control Release 2023; 361:766-776. [PMID: 37595668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Topical treatments to modulate hair growth are generally limited by low drug bioavailability due to poor skin permeability. Here, we studied the use of STAR particles, which are millimeter-sized ceramic particles with protruding microneedles, to form micropores in the skin to increase skin permeability to hair growth-modulating drugs. STAR particle design and fabrication were optimized, and the resulting STAR particles were shown to reduce lag time and increase skin permeability to minoxidil and acyclovir by more than three-fold compared to no treatment in pig skin ex vivo. In rats, STAR particles also improved topical delivery of minoxidil and acyclovir, which resulted in an increase or a decrease in the number, length and/or thickness of hairs and/or the number of anagen-phase hair follicles after minoxidil or acyclovir treatment, respectively. Clinical exam and histological evaluation showed no evidence of skin irritation or other adverse effects of the treatments. We conclude that STAR particles can increase topical delivery of minoxidil and acyclovir to improve modulation of hair growth promotion and inhibition, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ran Woo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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13
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Xiang H, Xu S, Zhang W, Xue X, Li Y, Lv Y, Chen J, Miao X. Dissolving microneedles for alopecia treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113475. [PMID: 37536169 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Alopecia is a treatable benign disease, however, approximately 15-30% of women and 50% of men suffer from alopecia, which greatly affects patient's self-esteem and quality of life. Currently, commercial products for alopecia treatment include topical minoxidil solution, oral finasteride tablets and oral baricitinib tablets. However, the barrier of stratum corneum, systemic adverse effects and poor cure rate limit the application of commercial products. Therefore, researchers investigated the mechanism of alopecia, and developed new drugs that could target lactate dehydrogenase-related pathways, remove excessive reactive oxygen in hair follicles, and reduce the escape of hair follicle stem cells, thus injecting new strength into the treatment of alopecia. Moreover, starting from improving drug stratum corneum penetration and reducing side effects, researchers have developed hair loss treatment strategies based on dissolved microneedles (MNs), such as drug powders/microparticles, nanoparticles, biomimetic cell membranes, phototherapy and magnetically responsive soluble microneedles, which show exciting alopecia treatment effects. However, there are still some challenges in the practical application of the current alopecia treatment strategy with soluble microneedles, and further studies are needed to accelerate its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Sai Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Drug Research and Development Center, Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xinyue Xue
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yanyu Lv
- Drug Research and Development Center, Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
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14
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Malek-Khatabi A, Sadat Razavi M, Abdollahi A, Rahimzadeghan M, Moammeri F, Sheikhi M, Tavakoli M, Rad-Malekshahi M, Faraji Rad Z. Recent progress in PLGA-based microneedle-mediated transdermal drug and vaccine delivery. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5390-5409. [PMID: 37387317 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00795b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) have recently been found to have applications in drug, vitamin, protein and vaccine delivery. Polymeric MN arrays continue to attract increasing attention due to their capability to bypass the skin's stratum corneum (SC) barrier with minimal invasiveness. These carriers can achieve the targeted intradermal delivery of drugs and vaccines and improve their transdermal delivery level. As a nontoxic FDA-approved copolymer, polylactic glycolic acid (PLGA) has good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Currently, PLGA-based MNs have a noticeable tendency to be utilized as a delivery system. This study focuses on the most recent advances in PLGA-based MNs. Both PLGA nanoparticle-based MNs and PLGA matrix-based MNs, created for the delivery of vaccines, drugs, proteins and other therapeutic agents, are discussed. The paper also discusses the various types of MNs and their potential applications. Finally, the prospects and challenges of PLGA-based MNs are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Malek-Khatabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Sadat Razavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alyeh Abdollahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rahimzadeghan
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moammeri
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojgan Sheikhi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Tavakoli
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazda Rad-Malekshahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Faraji Rad
- School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD 4300, Australia.
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15
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Magill E, Demartis S, Gavini E, Permana AD, Thakur RRS, Adrianto MF, Waite D, Glover K, Picco CJ, Korelidou A, Detamornrat U, Vora LK, Li L, Anjani QK, Donnelly RF, Domínguez-Robles J, Larrañeta E. Solid implantable devices for sustained drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114950. [PMID: 37295560 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS) are an attractive alternative to conventional drug administration routes. Oral and injectable drug administration are the most common routes for drug delivery providing peaks of drug concentrations in blood after administration followed by concentration decay after a few hours. Therefore, constant drug administration is required to keep drug levels within the therapeutic window of the drug. Moreover, oral drug delivery presents alternative challenges due to drug degradation within the gastrointestinal tract or first pass metabolism. IDDS can be used to provide sustained drug delivery for prolonged periods of time. The use of this type of systems is especially interesting for the treatment of chronic conditions where patient adherence to conventional treatments can be challenging. These systems are normally used for systemic drug delivery. However, IDDS can be used for localised administration to maximise the amount of drug delivered within the active site while reducing systemic exposure. This review will cover current applications of IDDS focusing on the materials used to prepare this type of systems and the main therapeutic areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Magill
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Sara Demartis
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Raghu Raj Singh Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Re-Vana Therapeutics, McClay Research Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Faris Adrianto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Re-Vana Therapeutics, McClay Research Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - David Waite
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Re-Vana Therapeutics, McClay Research Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Katie Glover
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Camila J Picco
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Anna Korelidou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Usanee Detamornrat
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Linlin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Megarezky, Jl. Antang Raya No. 43, Makassar 90234, Indonesia
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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16
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Zhang C, Vora LK, Tekko IA, Volpe-Zanutto F, Peng K, Paredes AJ, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Development of dissolving microneedles for intradermal delivery of the long-acting antiretroviral drug bictegravir. Int J Pharm 2023; 642:123108. [PMID: 37301241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration and intramuscular (IM) injection are commonly recommended options for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment. However, poor patient compliance due to daily oral dosing, pain at injection sites and the demand for trained healthcare staff for injections limit the success of these administration routes, especially in low-resource settings. To overcome these limitations, for the first time, we propose novel bilayer dissolving microneedles (MNs) for the intradermal delivery of long-acting nanosuspensions of the antiretroviral (ARV) drug bictegravir (BIC) for potential HIV treatment and prevention. The BIC nanosuspensions were prepared using a wet media milling technique on a laboratory scale with a particle size of 358.99 ± 18.53 nm. The drug loading of nanosuspension-loaded MNs and BIC powder-loaded MNs were 1.87 mg/0.5 cm2 and 2.16 mg/0.5 cm2, respectively. Both dissolving MNs exhibited favorable mechanical and insertion ability in the human skin simulant Parafilm® M and excised neonatal porcine skin. Importantly, the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sprague Dawley rats demonstrated that dissolving MNs were able to intradermally deliver 31% of drug loading from nanosuspension-loaded MNs in the form of drug depots. After a single application, both coarse BIC and BIC nanosuspensions achieved sustained release, maintaining plasma concentrations above human therapeutic levels (162 ng/mL) in rats for 4 weeks. These minimally invasive and potentially self-administered MNs could improve patient compliance, providing a promising platform for the delivery of nanoformulated ARVs and resulting in prolonged drug release, particularly for patients in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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17
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Wang S, Zhao M, Yan Y, Li P, Huang W. Flexible Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Therapy by Microneedles with Versatile Materials and Devices toward Multifunction Scope. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0128. [PMID: 37223469 PMCID: PMC10202386 DOI: 10.34133/research.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) have drawn rising attention owing to their merits of convenience, noninvasiveness, flexible applicability, painless microchannels with boosted metabolism, and precisely tailored multifunction control. MNs can be modified to serve as novel transdermal drug delivery, which conventionally confront with the penetration barrier caused by skin stratum corneum. The micrometer-sized needles create channels through stratum corneum, enabling efficient drug delivery to the dermis for gratifying efficacy. Then, incorporating photosensitizer or photothermal agents into MNs can conduct photodynamic or photothermal therapy, respectively. Besides, health monitoring and medical detection by MN sensors can extract information from skin interstitial fluid and other biochemical/electronic signals. Here, this review discloses a novel monitoring, diagnostic, and therapeutic pattern by MNs, with elaborate discussion about the classified formation of MNs together with various applications and inherent mechanism. Hereby, multifunction development and outlook from biomedical/nanotechnology/photoelectric/devices/informatics to multidisciplinary applications are provided. Programmable intelligent MNs enable logic encoding of diverse monitoring and treatment pathways to extract signals, optimize the therapy efficacy, real-time monitoring, remote control, and drug screening, and take instant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yibo Yan
- Address correspondence to: (Y.Y.); (P.L.); (W.H.)
| | - Peng Li
- Address correspondence to: (Y.Y.); (P.L.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Address correspondence to: (Y.Y.); (P.L.); (W.H.)
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18
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Paris JL, Vora LK, José Torres M, Mayorga C, Donnelly RF. Microneedle array patches for allergen-specific immunotherapy. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103556. [PMID: 36931387 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of allergies has been steadily increasing in recent years. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) represents the only approach capable of inducing long-term immune tolerance toward allergens. However, the clinical success of AIT is limited by efficacy or safety concerns related to the administration route. Therapeutic delivery in the skin appears promising, given the presence of immune cells in the skin and the relatively low level of systemic distribution that occurs with this delivery method. However, the stratum corneum greatly limits this route. In this regard, the use of microneedles has been proposed to improve the delivery of therapeutics into the skin. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the use of microneedles for AIT, highlighting avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L Paris
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, UK.
| | - María José Torres
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain; Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain; Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, UK.
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19
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Bi D, Qu F, Xiao W, Wu J, Liu P, Du H, Xie Y, Liu H, Zhang L, Tao J, Liu Y, Zhu J. Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Gel-Based Microneedle Patches for Prolonged and Intelligent Psoriasis Management. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4346-4357. [PMID: 36847798 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease. Microneedle (MN) patches can improve psoriasis treatment outcomes by increasing local drug content in the skin. As psoriasis frequently relapses, developing intelligent MN-based drug delivery systems with prolonged therapeutic drug levels and improved treatment efficiency is of great significance. Here, we designed detachable H2O2-responsive gel-based MN patches containing methotrexate (MTX) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) by using EGCG as both cross-linkers for needle-composited materials and anti-inflammatory drugs. The gel-based MNs had dual-mode drug release kinetics, which quickly released MTX diffusively and sustainably released EGCG in an H2O2-responsive way. Compared with dissolving MNs, the gel-based MNs extended skin retention of EGCG, leading to prolonged reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging effects. The ROS-responsive MN patches that transdermally delivered antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory drugs improved treatment outcomes in both psoriasis-like and prophylactic psoriasis-like animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duohang Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fei Qu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wanyue Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyao Du
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Youwei Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yijing Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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20
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Mechanistic modeling-guided optimization of microneedle-based skin patch for rapid transdermal delivery of naloxone for opioid overdose treatment. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:320-338. [PMID: 35879533 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01202-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Naloxone, an FDA-approved opioid inhibitor, used to reverse opioid overdose complications has up till date faced challenges associated with its delivery. Limitations include the use of invasive delivery forms and the need for frequent redosing due to its short half-life. The goal of the current study was to design a transdermal rapidly dissolving polymeric microneedle (MN) patch with delivery and pharmacokinetic properties comparable to that seen with the commercially available NAL products, eliminating their delivery limitations. Patches of varying dimensions (500 µm; 100 array,800 µm; 100array, and 600 µm; 225 array) were fabricated to evaluate the effect of increasing MN length, and density (no. of needles/unit area) on drug release. Drug dose in each of these patches was 17.89 ± 0.23 mg, 17.2 ± 0.77 mg, and 17.8 ± 1.01 mg, respectively. Furthermore, the insertion efficiency of each of the MN patches was 94 ± 4.8%, 90.6 ± 1.69%, and 96 ± 1.29%, respectively. Compared to passive permeation, a reduced lag time of about 5-15 min was observed with a significant drug flux of 15.09 ± 7.68 g[Formula: see text]/cm2/h seen in the first 1 h (p < 0.05) with the array of 100 needles (500 µm long). Over 24 h, a four and ten-fold increase in permeation was seen with the longer length and larger density MN patch, respectively, when compared to the 500 µm (100 array) patch. Model simulations and analyses revealed the significance of needle base diameter and needle count in improving systemic pharmacokinetics of NAL.
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21
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Zhou Y, Jia L, Zhou D, Chen G, Fu Q, Li N. Advances in microneedles research based on promoting hair regrowth. J Control Release 2023; 353:965-974. [PMID: 36549392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alopecia is the most common and difficult-to-treat hair disorder. It usually brings a significant psychological burden to the patients. With the growing popularity of alopecia, the study of alopecia has gained more attention. Currently, only minoxidil and finasteride have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of alopecia, but the efficacy has always been unsatisfactory. As a new form of transdermal drug delivery, microneedles have been widely used in the treatment of alopecia and have proven to be effective. Microneedles delivery can improve the efficiency of local drug delivery and patients' compliance, which can achieve better therapeutic effects on hair-related diseases. Therefore, microneedles have gained much attention in the field of alopecia and hair regrowth promotion in recent years. This review summarizes the last decade of research on the microneedles delivery design for the treatment of alopecia or promotion of hair regrowth and provides a comprehensive evaluation of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Luan Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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22
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Khadela A, Chavda VP, Soni S, Megha K, Pandya AJ, Vora L. Anti-Androgenic Therapies Targeting the Luminal Androgen Receptor of a Typical Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010233. [PMID: 36612226 PMCID: PMC9818775 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative tumors are progressively delineating their existence over the extended spectrum of breast cancers, marked by intricate molecular heterogeneity, a low overall survival rate, and an unexplored therapeutic approach. Although the basal subtype transcends the group and contributes approximately 80% to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases, the exceptionally appearing mesenchymal and luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtypes portray an unfathomable clinical course. LAR with a distinct generic profile frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and bones. This subtype is minimally affected by chemotherapy and shows the lowest pathologic complete response. The androgen receptor is the only sex steroid receptor that plays a cardinal role in the progression of breast cancers and is typically overexpressed in LAR. The partial AR antagonist bicalutamide and the next-generation AR inhibitor enzalutamide are being assessed in standard protocols for the mitigation of TNBC. There arises an inevitable need to probe into the strategies that could neutralize these androgen receptors and alleviate the trajectory of concerning cancer. This paper thus focuses on reviewing literature that provides insights into the anti-androgenic elements against LAR typical TNBC that could pave the way for clinical advancements in this dynamic sphere of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Khadela
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek P. Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence: (V.P.C.); (L.V.)
| | - Shruti Soni
- Pharm. D Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kaivalya Megha
- Pharm. D Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Aanshi J. Pandya
- Pharm. D Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Correspondence: (V.P.C.); (L.V.)
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23
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Faizi HS, Vora LK, Nasiri MI, Wu Y, Mishra D, Anjani QK, Paredes AJ, Thakur RRS, Minhas MU, Donnelly RF. Deferasirox Nanosuspension Loaded Dissolving Microneedles for Intradermal Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122817. [PMID: 36559310 PMCID: PMC9784557 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedles are minimally invasive systems that can deliver drugs intradermally without pain and bleeding and can advantageously replace the hypodermal needles and oral routes of delivery. Deferasirox (DFS) is an iron chelator employed in several ailments where iron overload plays an important role in disease manifestation. In this study, DFS was formulated into a nanosuspension (NSs) through wet media milling employing PVA as a stabilizer and successfully loaded in polymeric dissolving microneedles (DMNs). The release studies for DFS-NS clearly showed a threefold increased dissolution rate compared to pure DFS. The mechanical characterization of DFS-NS-DMNs revealed that the system was sufficiently strong for efficacious skin penetration. Optical coherence tomography images confirmed an insertion of up to 378 µm into full-thickness porcine skin layers. The skin deposition studies showed 60% drug deposition from NS-DMN, which was much higher than from the DFS-NS transdermal patch (DFS-NS-TP) (without needles) or pure DFS-DMNs. Moreover, DFS-NS without DMNs did not deposit well inside the skin, indicating that DMNs played an important role in effectively delivering drugs inside the skin. Therefore, it is evident from the findings that loading DFS-NS into novel DMN devices can effectively deliver DFS transdermally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Shahid Faizi
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K. Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Nasiri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J. Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Raghu Raj Singh Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Usman Minhas
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.U.M.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Correspondence: (M.U.M.); (R.F.D.)
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24
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Bianchi MB, Zhang C, Catlin E, Sandri G, Calderón M, Larrañeta E, Donnelly RF, Picchio ML, Paredes AJ. Bioadhesive eutectogels supporting drug nanocrystals for long-acting delivery to mucosal tissues. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100471. [PMID: 36345362 PMCID: PMC9636571 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Eutectogels (Egels) are an emerging class of soft ionic materials outperforming traditional temperature-intolerant hydrogels and costly ionogels. Due to their excellent elasticity, non-volatile nature, and adhesion properties, Egels are attracting a great deal of interest in the biomedical space. Herein, we report the first example of adhesive Egels loading drug nanocrystals (Egel-NCs) for controlled delivery to mucosal tissues. These soft materials were prepared using gelatin, glycerine, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on choline hydrochloride and glycerol, and nanocrystallised curcumin, a model drug with potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. We first explored the impact of the biopolymer concentration on the viscoelastic and mechanical properties of the networks. Thanks to the dynamic interactions between gelatin and the DES, the Egel showed excellent stretchability and elasticity (up to ≈160%), reversible gel-sol phase transition at mild temperature (≈50 °C), 3D-printing ability, and good adhesion to mucin protein (stickiness ≈40 kPa). In vitro release profiles demonstrated the ability of the NCs-based Egel to deliver curcumin for up to four weeks and deposit significantly higher drug amounts in excised porcine mucosa compared to the control cohort. All in all, this study opens new prospects in designing soft adhesive materials for long-acting drug delivery and paves the way to explore novel eutectic systems with multiple therapeutic applications.
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25
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Abu-Much A, Darawshi R, Dawud H, Kasem H, Abu Ammar A. Preparation and characterization of flexible furosemide-loaded biodegradable microneedles for intradermal drug delivery. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6486-6499. [PMID: 36178014 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems are a useful and minimally invasive alternative to other drug administration routes. Biodegradable polymeric microneedles (MNs) are widely used in controlled-release drug delivery due to their tunable properties and ease of patient self-administration. Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) is often used for sustained drug release owing to special intrinsic properties including biocompatibility and biodegradability, which offer excellent applicability in preparing MNs. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is characterized by fluid overload during acute exacerbation, necessitating frequent patient hospitalization for continuous intravenous (i.v.) diuretic therapy. In the present study, we incorporated furosemide (FUR) as a model drug into flexible PLGA MN skin patches for potential intradermal delivery to overcome the limitations associated with i.v. diuresis. The MNs were fabricated by a casting-mold technique and consisted of two main parts, PLGA needle tips loaded with varying concentrations of FUR and a flexible backing layer comprising sodium alginate and glycerol. MN formulations were characterized by SEM and exhibited a uniform pyramidal shape. The measured surface pH of all samples suggested that no skin irritation is expected upon application. High encapsulation efficiency was obtained for FUR-MN formulations in which a decrease was noted as the FUR/PLGA ratio decreased. Drug loading content ranged from 19.1 ± 1% to 28.9 ± 1.4%. Successful insertion of MNs into a Parafilm® skin simulant model suggested that MNs will easily penetrate the skin's outermost layer, the stratum corneum, and will permit intradermal delivery of FUR. The MNs were further characterized by analytical methods. Finally, the MNs exhibited an initial burst release followed by a sustained release of FUR. Self-administered FUR-MNs can open new avenues to overcome i.v. drip limitations and increase patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Abu-Much
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Raya Darawshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering Jerusalem, 26 Yaakov Shreibom Street, Ramat Beit Hakerem, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel.
| | - Hala Dawud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering Jerusalem, 26 Yaakov Shreibom Street, Ramat Beit Hakerem, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel.
| | - Haytam Kasem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aiman Abu Ammar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering Jerusalem, 26 Yaakov Shreibom Street, Ramat Beit Hakerem, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel.
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26
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Demartis S, Anjani QK, Volpe-Zanutto F, Paredes AJ, Jahan SA, Vora LK, Donnelly RF, Gavini E. Trilayer dissolving polymeric microneedle array loading Rose Bengal transfersomes as a novel adjuvant in early-stage cutaneous melanoma management. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122217. [PMID: 36155790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma remains a global concern, but current therapies present critical limitations pointing out the urgent need for novel strategies. Among these, the cutaneous delivery of drugs selectively damaging cancer cells is highly attractive. Rose Bengal (RB) is a dye exhibiting selective cytotoxicity towards melanoma, but the high water solubility and low permeability hinder its therapeutic potential. We previously developed RB-loaded transfersomes (RBTF) to mediate the RB dermal delivery; however, a platform efficiently delivering RBTF in the deepest strata is essential for a successful therapeutic activity. In this regard, dissolving microneedles release the encapsulated cargo up to the dermis, painlessly piercing the outmost skin layers. Therefore, herein we developed and characterised a trilayer dissolving microneedle array (RBTF-TDMNs) loading RBTF to maximise RBTF intradermal delivery in melanoma management. RBTF-TDMNs were proven strong enough to pierce excised porcine skin and rapidly dissolve and deposit RBTF intradermally while maintaining their physicochemical properties. Also, 3D visualisation of the system itself and while penetrating the skin was performed by multi-photon microscopy. Finally, a dermatokinetic study showed that RBTF-TDMNs offered unique delivery efficiency advantages compared to RBTF dispersion and free drug-loaded TDMNs. The proposed RBTF-TDMNs represent a valuable potential adjuvant tool for the topical management of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Demartis
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | | | - Subrin A Jahan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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27
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Recent advances in microneedle designs and their applications in drug and cosmeceutical delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Abd-El-Azim H, Tekko IA, Ali A, Ramadan A, Nafee N, Khalafallah N, Rahman T, Mcdaid W, Aly RG, Vora LK, Bell SJ, Furlong F, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Hollow microneedle assisted intradermal delivery of hypericin lipid nanocapsules with light enabled photodynamic therapy against skin cancer. J Control Release 2022; 348:849-869. [PMID: 35728715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) to manage non-melanoma skin cancers has garnered great attention over the past few years. Hypericin (Hy) is a potent lipid-soluble photosensitiser with promising anticancer therapeutic activities. Nevertheless, its poor water-solubility, aggregation in biological systems and insufficient skin penetration restricted its effective exploitation. Herein, we report for the first-time encapsulation of Hy into lipid nanocapsules (Hy-LNCs), and then application of an AdminPen™ hollow microneedles (Ho-MNs) array and an in-house fabricated Ho-MN to enable efficient intradermal delivery. The physicochemical properties, photoactivity, ex vivo drug distribution and cellular uptake were evaluated. Results showed that Hy-LNCs were successfully formed with a particle size of 47.76 ± 0.49 nm, PDI of 0.12 ± 0.02, high encapsulation efficiency (99.67% ± 0.35), 396 fold higher photoactivity, 7 fold higher skin drug deposition, significantly greater cellular uptake and higher photocytotoxicity compared to free Hy. The therapeutic effect of Hy-LNCs was finally assessed in vivo using a nude mouse model with transplanted tumours. Interestingly, Hy-LNCs delivered by Ho-MN exhibited remarkable anti-tumour destruction (85.84%) after irradiation with 595 nm. This study showed that Ho-MNs-driven delivery of Hy-LNCs followed by irradiation could form a promising minimally invasive, effective and site-specific approach for managing non-melanoma skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Abd-El-Azim
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, El Beheira, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Ahlam Ali
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alyaa Ramadan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha Nafee
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Taifur Rahman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - William Mcdaid
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Rania G Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Steven J Bell
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Fiona Furlong
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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29
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Volpe-Zanutto F, Vora LK, Tekko IA, McKenna PE, Permana AD, Sabri AH, Anjani QK, McCarthy HO, Paredes AJ, Donnelly RF. Hydrogel-forming microarray patches with cyclodextrin drug reservoirs for long-acting delivery of poorly soluble cabotegravir sodium for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. J Control Release 2022; 348:771-785. [PMID: 35738464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel-forming microarray patches (HF-MAPs) offer minimally invasive, pain-free and prolonged drug delivery. These devices are designed to be self-administered and self-disabling, avoiding contaminated sharps waste generation. Cabotegravir sodium (CAB-Na) is a poorly soluble anti- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug for the treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV infection that lends itself to depot formation following intradermal delivery but presents significant challenges when delivered via HF-MAPs, whose nature is aqueous. Herein, we have investigated, for the first time, the use of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) to enhance the solubility of CAB-Na, and its effect on intradermal delivery via HF-MAPs. Accordingly, tablet reservoirs containing CAB-Na and HP-β-CD were formulated. These novel reservoirs were combined with two different HF-MAP formulations (MAP1 (Gantrez S97® + poly (ethylene glycol) 10,000 + Na2CO3) and MAP2 (poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) 58 kDa + poly (vinyl alcohol) 85-120 kDa + citric acid)) to form fully integrated MAP devices which were tested in both ex vivo and in vivo settings. Ex vivo skin deposition results for MAP1 and MAP2 showed that 141 ± 40 μg and 342 ± 34 μg of CAB-Na was deposited into 0.5 cm2 of excised neonatal porcine skin after 24 h, respectively. Based on these findings, the in vivo pharmacokinetics of MAP2 were investigated over 28 days using a Sprague-Dawley rat model. After 24 h patch application, MAP2 demonstrated an extended drug release profile and an observed Cmax of 53.4 ± 10.16 μg/mL, superior to that of an FDA-approved CAB-nanosuspension administered via intramuscular application (Cmax of 43.6 ± 5.3 μg/mL). Consequently, this tablet integrated MAP device is considered to be a viable option for the intradermal delivery of hydrophobic anti-HIV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R. Cândido Portinari, 200 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-871, University of Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Syria
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita K Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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30
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Rapidly dissolving bilayer microneedles enabling minimally invasive and efficient protein delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022:10.1007/s13346-022-01190-x. [PMID: 35713782 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of proteins that neutralise vascular endothelial growth factors, such as pegaptanib, ranibizumab and aflibercept, can inhibit the process of angiogenesis, thereby restoring eyesight in individuals with retinal vascular disorders. However, due to the posterior location and chronic nature of retinal diseases, a safe and effective intraocular protein delivery system is currently lacking. Thus, dissolving bilayer microneedles (MNs) with the potential to deliver proteins to the back of the eye in an efficient and minimally invasive manner were developed in this study. A model protein, ovalbumin (OVA), was incorporated into MNs fabricated from different polymers, including hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Optimised PVA/PVP MNs were demonstrated to be robust enough to pierce porcine sclera with > 75% of the needle length penetrating the sclera and dissolving within 150 s. SDS-PAGE and OVA-specific ELISA revealed that the bioactivity of the model protein was maintained during the manufacture of MNs. In hen's egg-chorioallantoic membrane test, MNs fabricated from all chosen polymers were classified as non-irritants. Furthermore, ex vivo permeation studies showed that optimised MNs could permeate 86.99 ± 7.37% of OVA through the sclera, twice that of the needle-free patch (42.16 ± 3.95%), highlighting the capability of MNs to circumvent physical barriers and promote protein delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. In this work, a novel, efficient and safe intraocular protein delivery system was successfully established.
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31
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Wu Y, Vora LK, Mishra D, Adrianto MF, Gade S, Paredes AJ, Donnelly RF, Singh TRR. Nanosuspension-loaded dissolving bilayer microneedles for hydrophobic drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 137:212767. [PMID: 35929230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intravitreal injections (IVT) are regarded as the gold standard for effective delivery of hydrophobic drugs to the back of the eye. However, as a highly invasive procedure, the injection itself may lead to poor patient compliance and severe complications. In this research work, a hybrid system of nanosuspensions (NS) and dissolving microneedles (MNs) was developed as an alternative to conventional hypodermic needles used in IVT for minimally invasive transscleral delivery of hydrophobic drugs. NS of a hydrophobic drug, triamcinolone acetonide (TA), were fabricated using a wet milling technique. TA NS optimised by central composite factorial design had a proven diameter of 246.65 ± 8.55 nm. After optimisation, TA NS were incorporated into MN arrays to form a bilayer structure by high-speed centrifugation. TA NS-loaded MNs were robust enough to pierce excised porcine sclera with insertion depth higher than 80% of the needle height and showed rapid dissolution (<3 min). In contrast, the plain TA-loaded MNs exhibited poor mechanical and insertion performances and took more than 8 min to be fully dissolved in the scleral tissue. Importantly, transscleral deposition studies showed that 56.46 ± 7.76 μg/mm2 of TA was deposited into the sclera after 5 min of NS-loaded MN application, which was 4.5-fold higher than plain drug-loaded MNs (12.56 ± 2.59 μg/mm2). An ex vivo distribution study revealed that MN arrays could promote the transscleral penetration of hydrophobic molecules with higher drug concentrations observed in the deep layer of the sclera. Moreover, the developed TA NS-loaded MN array was biocompatible with ocular tissues, as demonstrated using the hens egg-chorioallantoic membrane assay and cytotoxicity test. The results presented here demonstrate that the hybrid system of NS and dissolving MNs can provide a novel and promising technology to alleviate retinal diseases in a therapeutically effective and minimally invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Faris Adrianto
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - Shilpkala Gade
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Thakur Raghu Raj Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Picco CJ, Domínguez-Robles J, Utomo E, Paredes AJ, Volpe-Zanutto F, Malinova D, Donnelly RF, Larrañeta E. 3D-printed implantable devices with biodegradable rate-controlling membrane for sustained delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1038-1048. [PMID: 35363100 PMCID: PMC8979538 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2057620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantable drug delivery systems offer an alternative for the treatments of long-term conditions (i.e. schizophrenia, HIV, or Parkinson’s disease among many others). The objective of the present work was to formulate implantable devices loaded with the model hydrophobic drug olanzapine (OLZ) using robocasting 3D-printing combined with a pre-formed rate controlling membrane. OLZ was selected as a model molecule due to its hydrophobic nature and because is a good example of a molecule used to treat a chronic condition schizophrenia. The resulting implants consisted of a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) implant coated with a poly(caprolactone) (PCL)-based membrane. The implants were loaded with 50 and 80% (w/w) of OLZ. They were prepared using an extrusion-based 3D-printer from aqueous pastes containing 36–38% (w/w) of water. The printing process was carried out at room temperature. The resulting implants were characterized by using infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Crystals of OLZ were present in the implant after the printing process. In vitro release studies showed that implants containing 50% and 80% (w/w) of OLZ were capable of providing drug release for up to 190 days. On the other hand, implants containing 80% (w/w) of OLZ presented a slower release kinetics. After 190 days, total drug release was ca. 77% and ca. 64% for implants containing 50% and 80% (w/w) of OLZ, respectively. The higher PEO content within implants containing 50% (w/w) of OLZ allows a faster release as this polymer acts as a co-solvent of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila J Picco
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Emilia Utomo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | - Dessislava Malinova
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Systemic delivery of tenofovir alafenamide using dissolving and implantable microneedle patches. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100217. [PMID: 35243292 PMCID: PMC8858997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a global health concern, with 37.7 million people currently living with the infection and 1.5 million new cases every year. Current antiretroviral (ARV) therapies are administered through the oral route daily, often in lifelong treatments, leading to pill fatigue and poor treatment adherence. Therefore, the development of novel formulations for the administration ARV drugs using alternative routes is actively sought out. In this sense, microneedle array patches (MAPs) offer a unique user-centric platform that can be painlessly self-applied to the skin and deliver drugs to the systemic circulation. In this work, dissolving and implantable MAPs loaded with the tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) were developed with the aim of releasing the drug systemically. Both MAPs were sufficiently strong to pierce excised neonatal full-thickness porcine skin and form drug depots. In vitro release experiments performed in dialysis membrane models, demonstrated a relatively fast delivery of the drug in all cases. Franz cells experiments revealed that dissolving and implantable MAPs deposited 47.87 ± 16.33 μg and 1208.04 ± 417.9 μg of TAF in the skin after 24 h. Pharmacokinetic experiments in rats demonstrated a fast metabolization of TAF into tenofovir, with a rapid elimination of the metabolite from the plasma. The MAPs described in this work could be used as an alternative to current oral treatments for HIV management. HIV is still a global concern, with 38 million people currently living with the infection. ARV therapy can prevent HIV spread and extend life expectancy in infected people. MAPs constitute an attractive platform for the delivery of antiretroviral drugs including TAF. Dissolving and implantable TAF MAPs were obtained and characterised in vitro and ex vivo. Both MAPs were able to deliver TAF systemically in rats.
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Li M, Vora LK, Peng K, Donnelly RF. Trilayer microneedle array assisted transdermal and intradermal delivery of dexamethasone. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121295. [PMID: 34785356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone is a synthesised glucocorticoid that is widely used in the treatment of various inflammatory skin conditions. Novel trilayer dissolving microneedle arrays were manufactured to assist dexamethasone delivery via the skin. Both transdermal delivery and intradermal delivery of dexamethasone can be achieved this way. Additionally, we proposed a novel strategy of co-formulating dexamethasone and its pro-drug dexamethasone sodium phosphate into the same dissolving microneedle array, with a view to achieving a fast onset of action and also sustained treatment. Here, a 3D-printing technique was employed, for the first time, to fabricate a baseplate for these microneedle arrays. The 3D-printed baseplates provided strong support to aid the insertion of the drug-encapsulated tips. A simple and rapid HPLC method was developed, and validated, to separate and quantify dexamethasone and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the same sample. Ex-vivo studies found that these trilayer dissolving microneedle arrays could achieve a delivery efficiency of over 40% in intradermal delivery and over 50% in transdermal delivery. Trilayer microneedle-assisted delivery of this glucocorticoid provided a promising alternative to oral and parenteral routes of dexamethasone administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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35
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Altuntaş E, Tekko IA, Vora LK, Kumar N, Brodsky R, Chevallier O, McAlister E, Kurnia Anjani Q, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Nestorone nanosuspension-loaded dissolving microneedles array patch: A promising novel approach for "on-demand" hormonal female-controlled peritcoital contraception. Int J Pharm 2021; 614:121422. [PMID: 34958899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
"On demand" hormonal female-controlled pericoital contraception is one strategy which could be used to minimize the impact of unintended pregnancy. Nestorone (NES) is a potent contraceptive, with relatively few side effects in comparison with other contraceptives. NES presents an attractive option for "on demand" pericoital contraceptive. Unfortunately, the drug is inactive if taken orally, but it has high progestational activity and antiovulatory potency if administered parenterally. Current drug delivery systems, such as a transdermal hydrogel are not so satisfactory. Dissolving microneedles array (DMNs) are an attractive alternative, minimally-invasive, delivery system. In this study, we report, for the first time, development of tip-loaded NES-nanosuspension (NES-NS)-loaded bilayer DMNs to deliver NES intradermally for subsequent release. NES-NS was prepared and optimised, freeze-dried and then used to fabricate DMNs using a blend of two biocompatible polymers, namely poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). Both NES-NS and the NES-NS-loaded DMNs were fully characterised and the performance of the DMNs was evaluated in vivo using Sprague Dawley rats. Results showed that the finalised NES-NS had particle size and PDI values of 666.06 ± 1.86 nm and 0.183 ± 0.01, respectively. The NES-NS-DMNs had relatively high tips-localised drug loading (approximately 2.26 ± 1.98 mg/array) and exhibited satisfactory mechanical and insertion properties. In Sprague Dawley rats, DMNs delivered NES into the skin, with the drug then appearing in blood and rapidly reaching its maximum concentration (Cmax of 32.68 ± 14.06 ng/mL) within 1h post-DMNs application. Plasma levels above 3.4 ng/mL were maintained for 2 days. This suggests that DMNs are a promising drug delivery system that could be used to deliver NES as an "On demand" hormonal female-controlled pericoital contraceptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Altuntaş
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34416, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Narender Kumar
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Brodsky
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Chevallier
- Avignon Université, Campus Jean-Henri Fabre, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza BP 21239, 84911 Avignon cedex 9, France; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Science, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Emma McAlister
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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36
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Nasiri MI, Vora LK, Ershaid JA, Peng K, Tekko IA, Donnelly RF. Nanoemulsion-based dissolving microneedle arrays for enhanced intradermal and transdermal delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:881-896. [PMID: 34939170 PMCID: PMC8694761 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of dissolving microneedles (DMN) is one of the advanced technologies in transdermal drug delivery systems, which precisely deliver the drugs through a rapid dissolution of polymers after insertion into the skin. In this study, we fabricated nanoemulsion-loaded dissolving microneedle (DMN) arrays for intradermal and transdermal drug delivery. For this task, model drug (amphotericin B, AmB)-loaded nanoemulsion (NE) were prepared by the probe-sonication method. AmB-loaded-NE was prepared using Capmul MCM C-8 EP/NF, Tween® 80, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-10 kDa), and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP-360 kDa or K29/32) by using SpeedMixer™, followed by probe-sonication and evaluated for particle size and polydispersity index (PDI). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also used to assess the particle size before and after DMN casting. AmB-NE embedded DMN arrays were found to be strong enough, revealed efficient skin insertion, and penetrated down to the fourth layer (depth ≈ 508 μm) of Parafilm M® (validated skin model). Ex vivo skin deposition experiments in full-thickness neonatal porcine demonstrated that after 24 h, AmB-NE-DMN arrays were able to deposit 111.05 ± 48.4 µg/patch AmB into the skin. At the same time, transdermal porcine skin permeation studies showed significantly higher permeability of AmB (29.60 ± 8.23 μg/patch) from AmB-NE-DMN compared to MN-free AmB-NE patches (5.0 ± 6.15 μg/patch) over 24 h. Antifungal studies of optimized AmB-NE-DMN, AmB-loaded discs and drug-free DMN against Candida albicans, confirmed the synergistic activity of Campul-MCM C-8, used in the nanoemulsion formulation. This study establishes that nanoemulsion based dissolving microneedle may serve as an efficient system for intradermal as well as transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal Nasiri
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juhaina Abu Ershaid
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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37
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Peng K, Vora LK, Tekko IA, Permana AD, Domínguez-Robles J, Ramadon D, Chambers P, McCarthy HO, Larrañeta E, Donnelly RF. Dissolving microneedle patches loaded with amphotericin B microparticles for localised and sustained intradermal delivery: Potential for enhanced treatment of cutaneous fungal infections. J Control Release 2021; 339:361-380. [PMID: 34619227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections affect millions of people globally and are often unreceptive to conventional topical or oral preparations because of low drug bioavailability at the infection site, lack of sustained therapeutic effect, and the development of drug resistance. Amphotericin B (AmB) is one of the most potent antifungal agents. It is increasingly important since fungal co-infections associated with COVID-19 are frequently reported. AmB is only administered via injections (IV) and restricted to life-threatening infections due to its nephrotoxicity and administration-related side effects. In this work, we introduce, for the first time, dissolving microneedle patches (DMP) loaded with micronised particles of AmB to achieve localised and long-acting intradermal delivery of AmB for treatment of cutaneous fungal infections. AmB was pulverised with poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) to form micronised particles-loaded gels, which were then cast into DMP moulds to form the tips. The mean particle size of AmB in AmB DMP tips after pulverisation was 1.67 ± 0.01 μm. This is an easy way to fabricate and load microparticles into DMP, as few steps are required, and no organic solvents are needed. AmB had no covalent chemical interaction with the excipients, but the crystallinity of AmB was reduced in the tips. AmB was completely released from the tips within 4 days in vitro. AmB DMP presented inhibition of Candida albicans (CA) and the killing rate of AmB DMP against CA biofilm inside porcine skin reached 100% within 24 h. AmB DMP were able to pierce excised neonatal porcine skin at an insertion depth of 301.34 ± 46.86 μm. Ex vivo dermatokinetic and drug deposition studies showed that AmB was mainly deposited in the dermis. An in vivo dermatokinetic study revealed that the area under curve (AUC0-inf) values of AmB DMP and IV (Fungizone® bolus injection 1 mg/kg) groups were 8823.0 d∙μg/g and 33.4 d∙μg/g, respectively (264-fold higher). AmB remained at high levels (219.07 ± 102.81 μg/g or more) in the skin until 7 days after the application of AmB DMP. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies showed that AmB concentration in plasma, kidney, liver, and spleen in the AmB DMP group was significantly lower than that in the IV group. Accordingly, this system addressed the systemic side effects of intravenous injection of AmB and localised the drug inside the skin for a week. This work establishes a novel, easy and effective method for long-acting and localised intradermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom; Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Delly Ramadon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Philip Chambers
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
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Volpe-Zanutto F, Fonseca-Santos B, McKenna PE, Paredes AJ, Dávila JL, McCrudden MTC, Tangerina MMP, Ceccheto Figueiredo M, Vilegas W, Brisibe A, Akira D'Ávila M, Donnelly RF, Chorilli M, Foglio MA. Novel transdermal bioadhesive surfactant-based system for release and solubility improvement of antimalarial drugs artemether-lumefantrine. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34544052 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Artemether (ART) and lumefantrine (LUM) are the gold standard antimalarial drugs used for the treatment of malaria in children and pregnant women. Typically, ART and LUM are delivered orally in the form of a combined tablet, however, the appropriateness of this route of administration for these drugs is questionable due to the poor absorption and therefore bioavailability observed unless administered alongside lipid-rich foods. Transdermal drug delivery in the form of a patch-type system has been identified as a viable alternative to the conventional tablet-based therapy. A novel, surfactant-based ART-LUM formulation (S3AL), developed for transdermal delivery, may eliminate the shortcomings associated with oral delivery; namely poor drug absorption which is caused by the inherently low solubility of ART and LUM. Moreover, by successfully delivering these antimalarials transdermally, first-pass metabolism will be avoided leading to enhanced drug bioavailability in both cases. The S3AL formulation contained ART and LUM at equal concentrations (2.5% w/w of each) as well as Procetyl® AWS (30% w/w), oleic acid (10% w/w), 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (10% w/w), and water (45% w/w). The addition of LUM to the formulation changed the system from a striae structure to a dark field structure when visualized by a polarized light microscope. Additionally, this system possessed higher viscosity and superior skin bioadhesion, as evidenced by mechanical characterization, when compared to a similar formulation containing ART alone. S3AL was also proven to be biocompatible to human keratinocyte cells. Finally,in vitrostudies demonstrated the propensity of S3AL for successful delivery via the transdermal route, with 2279 ± 295 µg cm-2of ART and 94 ± 13 µg cm-2of LUM having permeated across dermatomed porcine skin after 24 h, highlighting its potential as a new candidate for the treatment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Technology of Bioactive Products, Biology Institute, University at Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Fonseca-Santos
- UNESP- University Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University at Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - José Luis Dávila
- Centre for Information Technology 'Renato Archer' (CTI), 3D Printing open lab-Laprint, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wagner Vilegas
- UNESP- Univ Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, São Vicente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Akira D'Ávila
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- UNESP- University Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University at Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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