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Gunjal P, Vishwas S, Kumar R, Bashir B, Kumar B, Khurana N, Gulati M, Gupta G, Prasher P, Kumbhar P, Disouza J, Kuppusamy G, Mohammed Y, Dureja H, Dua K, Singh SK. Enhancing the oral bioavailability of fisetin: polysaccharide-based self nano-emulsifying spheroids for colon-targeted delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01634-6. [PMID: 38789909 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Fisetin (FS) is a flavonoid that possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against ulcerative colitis. FS shows poor dissolution rate and permeability. An attempt has been made to develop colon-targeted solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS) of FS. Initially, liquid (L) SNEDDS were prepared by loading FS into isotropic mixture of L-SNEDDS was prepared using Labrafil M 1944 CS, Transcutol P, and Tween 80. These L-SNEDDS were further converted into solid (S) SNEDDS by mixing the isotropic mixture with 1:1:1 ratio of guar gum (GG), xanthan gum (XG) and pectin (PC) [GG:XG:PC (1:1:1)]. Aerosil-200 (A-200) was added to enhance their flow characteristics. Further, they were converted into spheroids by extrusion-spheronization technique. The solid-state characterization of S-SNEDDS was done by SEM, DSC, and PXRD, which revealed that the crystalline form of FS was converted into the amorphous form. In the dissolution study, S-SNEDDS spheroids [GG:XG:PC (1:1:1)] exhibited less than 20% drug release within the first 5 h, followed by rapid release of the drug between the 5th and 10th h, indicating its release at colonic site. The site-specific delivery of FS to colon via FS-S-SNEDDS spheroids was confirmed by conducting pharmacokinetic studies on rats. Wherein, results showed delay in absorption of FS loaded in spheroids up to 5 h and achievement of Cmax at 7h, whereas L-SNEDDS showed rapid absorption of FS. Furthermore, FS-L-SNEDDS and FS-S-SNEDDS spheroids [GG:XG:PC (1:1:1)] increased oral bioavailability of FS by 6.86-fold and 4.44-fold, respectively, as compared to unprocessed FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradnya Gunjal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bushra Bashir
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Popat Kumbhar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - John Disouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, India
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Yan C, Kim SR. Microencapsulation for Pharmaceutical Applications: A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:692-710. [PMID: 38320297 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In order to improve bioavailability, stability, control release, and target delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), as well as to mask their bitter taste, to increase their efficacy, and to minimize their side effects, a variety of microencapsulation (including nanoencapsulation, particle size <100 nm) technologies have been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Commonly used microencapsulation technologies are emulsion, coacervation, extrusion, spray drying, freeze-drying, molecular inclusion, microbubbles and microsponge, fluidized bed coating, supercritical fluid encapsulation, electro spinning/spray, and polymerization. In this review, APIs are categorized by their molecular complexity: small APIs (compounds with low molecular weight, like Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Cannabidiol), medium APIs (compounds with medium molecular weight like insulin, peptides, and nucleic acids), and living microorganisms (such as probiotics, bacteria, and bacteriophages). This article provides an overview of these microencapsulation technologies including their processes, matrix, and their recent applications in microencapsulation of APIs. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of these common microencapsulation technologies in terms of improving the efficacy of APIs for pharmaceutical treatments are comprehensively analyzed. The objective is to summarize the most recent progresses on microencapsulation of APIs for enhancing their bioavailability, control release, target delivery, masking their bitter taste and stability, and thus increasing their efficacy and minimizing their side effects. At the end, future perspectives on microencapsulation for pharmaceutical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuie Yan
- Division of Encapsulation, Blue California, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, United States
| | - Sang-Ryoung Kim
- Division of Encapsulation, Blue California, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, United States
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Patel VD, Patel DB, Sturgis JC, Queensen K, Sedlock R, Haware RV. Assessing the Impact of Punch Geometries on Tablet Capping Using a Newly Proposed Capping Index. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2935-2945. [PMID: 37380906 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased tablet anisotropy could lead to increased tablet capping propensity. Tooling design variables such as cup depth could serve as a key player for inducing tablet anisotropy. METHODS A new capping index (CI) consisting of the ratio of compact anisotropic index (CAI) and material anisotropic index (MAI) is proposed to evaluate tablet capping propensity as a function of punch cup depth. CAI is the ratio of axial to radial breaking force. MAI is the ratio of axial to radial Young's modulus. The impact of various punch cup depths [flat face, flat face beveled edge, flat face radius edge, standard concave, shallow concave, compound concave, deep concave, and extra deep concave] on the capping propensity of model acetaminophen tablets was studied. Tablets were manufactured at 50, 100, 200, 250, and 300 MPa compression pressure at 20 RPM on different cup depth tools using Natoli NP-RD30 tablet press. A partial least squares model (PLS) was computed to model the impact of the cup depth and compression parameters on the CI. RESULTS The PLS model exhibited a positive correlation of increased cup depth to the capping index. The finite elemental analysis confirmed that a high capping tendency with increased cup depth is a direct result of non-uniform stress distribution across powder bed. CONCLUSIONS Certainly, a proposed new capping index with multivariate statistical analysis gives guidance in selecting tool design and compression parameters for robust tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek D Patel
- Natoli Scientific, A Division of Natoli Engineering Company, Inc., 100 Emlen Way, Suite # 104-108, Telford, PA-18969, USA
| | - Devang B Patel
- Natoli Scientific, A Division of Natoli Engineering Company, Inc., 100 Emlen Way, Suite # 104-108, Telford, PA-18969, USA
| | - John C Sturgis
- Natoli Scientific, A Division of Natoli Engineering Company, Inc., 100 Emlen Way, Suite # 104-108, Telford, PA-18969, USA
| | - Kevin Queensen
- Natoli Engineering Company, Inc., Saint Charles, MO, 63304, USA
| | - Robert Sedlock
- Natoli Scientific, A Division of Natoli Engineering Company, Inc., 100 Emlen Way, Suite # 104-108, Telford, PA-18969, USA
| | - Rahul V Haware
- Natoli Scientific, A Division of Natoli Engineering Company, Inc., 100 Emlen Way, Suite # 104-108, Telford, PA-18969, USA.
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Rathod V, Gajera B, Pinninti A, Mohammed IA, Dave RH. Strategizing Spray Drying Process Optimization for the Manufacture of Redispersible Indomethacin Nanoparticles Using Quality-by-Design Principles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:133. [PMID: 37291469 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study adopted a Quality by Design (QbD) approach to spray dry indomethacin nanosuspension (IMC-NS) consisting of HPC-SL, poloxamer 407, and lactose monohydrate. The Box-Behnken Design was used to systematically evaluate the effects of inlet temperature, aspiration rate, and feed rate on the critical quality attributes (CQAs) [redispersibility index (RDI; minimize), % yield (maximize), and % release at 15 min (maximize)] of the indomethacin spray dried nanosuspension (IMC-SD-NS). To identify significant main and quadratic effects, two-way interactions, and create a predictive model for the spray drying process, regression analysis and ANOVA were utilized. Following optimization, the IMC-SD-NS was analyzed for its physicochemical properties using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and in vitro dissolution studies. Statistical analysis revealed significant independent variables, including inlet temperature, feed rate, and aspiration rate, that critically impacted the solidified end product's RDI, % yield, and % release at 15 min. The models developed for critical quality attributes (CQAs) were significant at a p-value of 0.05. The crystalline state of IMC was maintained in the solidified product, as confirmed by XRPD, and no interactions were observed between IMC and the excipients as evaluated by FTIR. In vitro dissolution studies showed improved dissolution rate for the IMC-SD-NS (3.82-fold increase in overall drug release), which may be attributed to the readily redispersible nanosized drug particles. The implementation of a well-designed study, utilizing Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology, played a crucial role in the development of a highly effective spray drying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Rathod
- Division of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, The Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, 11201, USA
- Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Bhavin Gajera
- Division of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, The Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, 11201, USA
| | - Anusha Pinninti
- Division of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, The Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, 11201, USA
| | | | - Rutesh H Dave
- Division of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, The Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, 11201, USA.
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Parekh BV, Saddik JS, Patel DB, Dave RH. Evaluating the effect of glidants on tablet sticking propensity of ketoprofen using powder rheology. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122710. [PMID: 36773731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Punch sticking has been a leading drawback that has challenged successful tablet manufacturing since its initial conception. Due to the capricious nature of the complication, this can arise during any phase of the development process. Even now, identifying such a problem is a prerequisite during the initial stage of development. The present study evaluated the role of Aerosil®200, talc, and Syloid®244 as glidants in varying amounts ranging from 0.0 percent to 2.0 percent w/w on tablets sticking relatively to five different metal surfaces, with ketoprofen as the model drug. Powder rheology is a predictable technique used to calculate the sticking index. The sticking index of each formulation in comparison to each metal coupon was identified by calculating the kinematic angle of internal friction and the angle of wall friction using the shear cell test and wall friction test, respectively. Interestingly, glidants were found to reduce the sticking propensity of the powder blend in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the compression study validated the expected sticking tendency ranking order. According to the research data, the sticking index could effectively be utilized to envisage the possibility of tablet sticking, i.e., by selecting the formulation's excipient and their percentages or selecting appropriate punched metal surfaces in the tableting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavin V Parekh
- Arnold and Marine Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Natoli Institute for Industrial Pharmacy Research and Development, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Devang B Patel
- Natoli Scientific, A Division of Natoli Engineer Company, Inc., Telford, PA, USA
| | - Rutesh H Dave
- Arnold and Marine Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Natoli Institute for Industrial Pharmacy Research and Development, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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Shah H, Shah K, Gajera B, Dave RH, Taft DR. Developing a Formulation Strategy Coupled with PBPK Modeling and Simulation for the Weakly Basic Drug Albendazole. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041040. [PMID: 37111526 PMCID: PMC10145446 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Albendazole (ABZ) is a weakly basic drug that undergoes extensive presystemic metabolism after oral administration and converts to its active form albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ_SO). The absorption of albendazole is limited by poor aqueous solubility, and dissolution is the rate-limiting step in the overall exposure of ABZ_SO. In this study, PBPK modeling was used to identify formulation-specific parameters that impact the oral bioavailability of ABZ_SO. In vitro experiments were carried out to determine pH solubility, precipitation kinetics, particle size distribution, and biorelevant solubility. A transfer experiment was conducted to determine the precipitation kinetics. A PBPK model for ABZ and ABZ_SO was developed using the Simcyp™ Simulator based on parameter estimates from in vitro experiments. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the impact of physiological parameters and formulation-related parameters on the systemic exposure of ABZ_SO. Model simulations predicted that increased gastric pH significantly reduced ABZ absorption and, subsequently, ABZ_SO systemic exposure. Reducing the particle size below 50 µm did not improve the bioavailability of ABZ. Modeling results illustrated that systemic exposure of ABZ_SO was enhanced by increasing solubility or supersaturation and decreasing the drug precipitation of ABZ at the intestinal pH level. These results were used to identify potential formulation strategies to enhance the oral bioavailability of ABZ_SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Shah
- Invagen, A Cipla Subsidiary, Hauppauge, NY 11788, USA
| | - Kushal Shah
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Rutesh H Dave
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - David R Taft
- Samuel J. and Joan B. Williamson Institute for Pharmacometrics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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