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Barca I, Della Torre A, Cristofaro MG. An Unusual Asymptomatic Case of Unilateral Parotid Gland Agenesis. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:e812-e814. [PMID: 37646351 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital absence of the major salivary glands, especially of the parotid gland, is a very infrequent condition of poorly understood etiology. This condition may be unilateral or bilateral and may occur alone or in association with the absence of other salivary glands or with other developmental craniofacial deformities of maxillofacial first and second branchial arch. Only 24 cases are documented in the literature. The authors present a case of a 79-year-old female who was referred to the Neurosurgery Department for neurocognitive impairment. The brain computed tomography with contrast enhancement incidentally showed a complete absence of the left parotid gland. The medical history and physical and radiographic examinations were indicative of nonsyndromic and nonfamilial asymptomatic unilateral aplasia of the parotid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Barca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro
| | - Attilio Della Torre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Neurosurgery, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Cristofaro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro
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Papadopoulou E, Piperi E, Georgaki M, Vardas E, Nikitakis NG. Aplasia of the Major and Minor Salivary Glands: Report of a Rare Case. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2022; 13:e5. [PMID: 36788794 PMCID: PMC9902026 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2022.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Aplasia of the salivary glands, either partial or involving all the major and possibly the minor salivary glands, is a very rare cause of hyposalivation. The aim of this case report is to present a case of aplasia of the major and minor salivary glands and discuss the relevant literature. Methods A 23-year-old woman, with a non-contributory medical and family history was referred due to rampant caries, that could not be attributed to any obvious aetiology. No sicca symptoms, previous parotid gland swelling or general symptoms were reported. Clinically, oral mucosa dryness and extended dental erosions and caries were observed, while the orifices of the excretory ducts of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were not evident. Unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rates were severely diminished, while a diagnostic biopsy of the lower lip revealed absence of minor salivary glands. Detailed hematologic and immunological investigations to exclude systemic disorders were also within normal limits. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the absence of all major salivary glands, confirming the clinical diagnosis of congenital aplasia of the salivary glands. Results Oral hygiene instructions and dietary advice were given while dental products with fluoride and saliva substitutes were administered and appropriate dental treatment was implemented. Regular dental follow-up was also advised. Conclusions Timely diagnosis of aplasia of the salivary glands is important, considering the detrimental effects of the absence of saliva on oral health. Management consists of the use of saliva substitutes, nutritional adaptation, maintenance of oral health and regular dental follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erofili Papadopoulou
- Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, AthensGreece.
| | - Evangelia Piperi
- Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, AthensGreece.
| | - Maria Georgaki
- Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, AthensGreece.
| | - Emmanouil Vardas
- Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, AthensGreece.
| | - Nikolaos G. Nikitakis
- Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, AthensGreece.
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Sgantzou IK, Vassiou K, Gkrinia E, Maiou C, Agrotis G, Vlychou M. Asymptomatic unilateral aplasia of the left parotid gland: an unusual entity and case report. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 16:3453-3456. [PMID: 34527122 PMCID: PMC8429623 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital agenesis of major salivary glands is considered a very infrequent condition and typically appears to be a coincidental finding. It can be present as sporadic case or may be combined with aplasia or hypoplasia of other salivary glands or the lacrimal glands, or as a part of syndromes. Only 23 cases documented in the literature to date, while the youngest patient was 50 days old. Plenty of radiographic useful techniques and treatment is closely related to the clinical manifestations; therefore. We present a case of 52 year old female who was referred to our radiology department for recurrent numbness of the left upper limb, experienced over the previous three months. Complete absence of the left parotid gland was incidentally demonstrated at the brain MRI scan. Based on the patient's past medical history, physical examination and demonstrated radiographic techniques it was an asymptomatic, no-syndromic and no-familious unilateral aplasia of the parotid gland. In the present report, we aimed to underline that this rare condition may be asymptomatic and co-exist with other medical conditions and syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katerina Vassiou
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Mezourlo, Greece
| | - Eleni Gkrinia
- Otorhinolaryngology Department - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Chariklia Maiou
- Otorhinolaryngology Department - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios Agrotis
- Radiology Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Marianna Vlychou
- Radiology Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
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Togni L, Mascitti M, Santarelli A, Contaldo M, Romano A, Serpico R, Rubini C. Unusual Conditions Impairing Saliva Secretion: Developmental Anomalies of Salivary Glands. Front Physiol 2019; 10:855. [PMID: 31333498 PMCID: PMC6617833 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary glands (SG) arise from ectodermal tissue between 6 and 12th weeks of intrauterine life through finely regulated epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. For this reason, different types of structural congenital anomalies, ranging from asymptomatic anatomical variants to alterations associated with syndromic conditions, have been described. Notable glandular parenchyma anomalies are the SG aplasia and the ectopic SG tissue. Major SG aplasia is a developmental anomaly, leading to variable degrees of xerostomia, and oral dryness. Ectopic SG tissue can occur as accessory gland tissue, salivary tissue associated with branchial cleft anomalies, or true heterotopic SG tissue. Among salivary ducts anomalies, congenital atresia is a rare developmental anomaly due to duct canalization failure in oral cavity, lead to salivary retention posterior to the imperforate orifice. Accessory ducts originate from the invagination of the developing duct in two places or from the premature ventral branching of the main duct. Heterotopic ducts may arise from glandular bud positioned in an anomalous site lateral to the stomodeum or from the failure of the intraoral groove development, hindering their proximal canalization. These anomalies require multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. While ectopic or accessory SG tissue/ducts often do not require any treatment, patients with SG aplasia could benefit from strategies for restoring SG function. This article attempts to review the literature on SG parenchyma and ducts anomalies in head and neck region providing clinicians with a comprehensive range of clinical phenotypes and possible future applications of bioengineered therapies for next-generation of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Togni
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Mascitti
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Santarelli
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.,National Institute of Health and Science of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Romano
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Serpico
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Neagu D, Patiño-Seijas B, Luaces-Rey R, Collado-López J, García-Rozado-González Á, López-Cedrún-Cembranos JL. Aplasia of the lacrimal and major salivary glands (ALSG). First case report in spanish population and review of the literature. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 10:e1238-e1241. [PMID: 30697385 PMCID: PMC6343968 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplasia of the lacrimal and the major salivary glands (ALSG) is a rare disorder with scarce cases described in the recent literature. The pattern of genetic inheritance is autosomal dominant with variable expressivity. A 40 years male patient was referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Service at the Hospital Universitario de A Coruña diagnosed with complete agenesis of all salivary glands. Our case it is the first of ALSG syndrome in the Spanish literature. Imaging tests are necessary to confirm the lack of formation of salivary glands and alteration of lacrimal system. A mutation of FGF10 has been proposed as the responsible of the syndrome. The management of the lacrimal alteration depends of the clinical findings. Clinical suspicion remains the principal tool to diagnose the syndrome.
Key words:ALSG, salivary glands aplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Neagu
- MD. Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Ramón Luaces-Rey
- MD. Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital A Coruña, Spain
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Rodrigo MJ, Idoipe M, Izquierdo S, Satue M, Mateo A, Sanchez A, Garcia-Martin E, Pablo L. New pathogenic variant in the FGF10 gene in the agenesis of lacrimal and salivary gland syndrome: Ophthalmological and genetic study. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:125-128. [PMID: 29053399 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1381976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aplasia/agenesis of lacrimal and salivary glands is a rare congenital defect that has been associated with disturbances in fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10). It can present with symptoms of congenital lacrimal obstruction, dry eye, and dry mouth. We report the ophthalmological and genetic study of a 19-year-old woman and her relatives suffering from this syndrome. A new probably pathogenic variant is described in the FGF10 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jesus Rodrigo
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.,b Aragon Institute for Health Research IIS-Aragon, Institute of Health Sciences of Aragon , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Miriam Idoipe
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.,b Aragon Institute for Health Research IIS-Aragon, Institute of Health Sciences of Aragon , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Silvia Izquierdo
- c Genetic-Biochemistry Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Maria Satue
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.,b Aragon Institute for Health Research IIS-Aragon, Institute of Health Sciences of Aragon , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Antonio Mateo
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.,b Aragon Institute for Health Research IIS-Aragon, Institute of Health Sciences of Aragon , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Antonio Sanchez
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Martin
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.,b Aragon Institute for Health Research IIS-Aragon, Institute of Health Sciences of Aragon , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Luis Pablo
- a Ophthalmology Department , Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovative and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.,b Aragon Institute for Health Research IIS-Aragon, Institute of Health Sciences of Aragon , Zaragoza , Spain
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Congenital Unilateral Agenesis of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Dent 2016; 2016:2672496. [PMID: 27895943 PMCID: PMC5118519 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2672496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital unilateral agenesis of the parotid gland is a rare condition with only few cases reported in the literature. A review of 21 cases in the available literature is presented in this article. We report on a further case of a 34-year-old woman with agenesis of the left parotid gland and lipoma of the right cheek. Clinicopathological characteristics of described cases in the literature were discussed.
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Sanchez Barrueco A, Santillan Coello J, Sobrino Guijarro B, Villacampa Aubá JM, Cenjor Español C. Sialolithiasis in an Accessory Submandibular Gland Identified by Magnetic Resonance Sialography. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 125:603-606. [PMID: 26961009 DOI: 10.1177/0003489416636128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accessory submandibular gland is a very rare anatomical variant. There have been only 6 reported cases of this entity in the English literature, only 1 of which was identified using magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS We report the case of a 39-year-old female with symptoms of left submandibular sialoadenitis who was diagnosed of sialolithiasis within the left accessory submandibular gland by magnetic resonance sialography (MR-Si). RESULTS The calculus was palpated near the submandibular papilla and was extracted by an intraoral approach. One-year follow-up revealed no evidence of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS This is the first case reported to date in the English literature of a patient with sialolithiasis within an accessory submandibular gland diagnosed by MR-Si.
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