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Gallagher KPD, van Heerden W, Said-Al-Naief N, Carlos R, Arboleda LPA, Rodrigues-Fernandes CI, Araújo ALD, Fonseca FP, Pontes HAR, Innocentini LMAR, Romañach MJ, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, Khurram SA. Molecular profile of head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 134:354-366. [PMID: 35840496 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.12.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to identify the molecular alterations of head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas (HNRMS) and their prognostic values. STUDY DESIGN An electronic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science with a designed search strategy. Inclusion criteria comprised cases of primary HNRMS with an established histopathological diagnosis and molecular analysis. Forty-nine studies were included and were appraised for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. Five studies were selected for meta-analysis. RESULTS HNRMS predominantly affects pediatric patients (44.4%), and the parameningeal region (57.7%) is the most common location. The alveolar variant (43.2%) predominates over the embryonal and spindle cell/sclerosing types, followed by the epithelioid and pleomorphic variants. PAX-FOXO1 fusion was observed in 103 cases of alveolar RMS (79.8%). MYOD1 mutation was found in 39 cases of sclerosing/spindle cell RMS (53.4%). FUS/EWSR1-TFCP2 gene fusions were identified in 21 cases of RMS with epithelioid and spindle cell morphologies (95.5%). The 5-year overall survival rate of patients was 61.3%, and MYOD1 mutation correlated with significantly higher mortality. CONCLUSION The genotypic profile of histologic variants of HNRMS is widely variable, and MYOD1 mutation could be a potential prognostic factor, but more studies are required to establish this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Patricia Domínguez Gallagher
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Practicing Graduate Professor, School of Dentistry, National University of Asunción (UNA), Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Willie van Heerden
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nasser Said-Al-Naief
- Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Dentistry and School of Medicine, OR, USA
| | - Roman Carlos
- Department of Pathology, Integra Cancer Center, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Lady Paola Aristizabal Arboleda
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Luíza Damaceno Araújo
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hélder Antônio Rebelo Pontes
- Oral Pathology Department, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini
- Dentistry and Stomatology Division, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário José Romañach
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Syed Ali Khurram
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Asakage T. Epidemiology and treatment of head and neck malignancies in the AYA generation. Int J Clin Oncol 2022; 27:465-472. [PMID: 35028770 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-02093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) population refers to the population of young adults and adolescents in the 15-39 years age group. This population subgroup experiences various important life events. Head and neck malignancies are rare tumors, in general, but they are extremely rare in the AYA population. When analyzed by the primary site of the tumors, thyroid gland, soft tissue, and nasopharyngeal malignancies are the most commonly encountered head and neck malignancies in the AYA generation. The most common histopathologic subtypes are carcinomas (thyroid carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma) and rhabdomyosarcoma. Therefore, in this review, the author discusses these three diseases in the AYA population in detail. Especially, patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma are at a high risk of dysfunction and facial deformity. Infertility problems may also occur as long-term sequelae of chemotherapy in this population. Radiation therapy might be associated with considerable morbidity. Complications such as cataract, xerostomia, hearing loss, neck fibrosis, and trismus are also common. Head and neck surgeons and medical oncologists should choose the optimal treatment taking into account the curability of the tumors relative to the long-term adverse events of treatment use. Finally, little evidence has been accumulated on head and neck malignancies in the AYA population, and it is urgently necessary to build a high level of evidence for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Asakage
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
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