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Shatokhina O, Galeeva N, Stepanova A, Markova T, Lalayants M, Alekseeva N, Tavarkiladze G, Markova T, Bessonova L, Petukhova M, Guseva D, Anisimova I, Polyakov A, Ryzhkova O, Bliznetz E. Spectrum of Genes for Non- GJB2-Related Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss in the Russian Population Revealed by a Targeted Deafness Gene Panel. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415748. [PMID: 36555390 PMCID: PMC9779600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is one of the most genetically heterogeneous disorders known. Over 120 genes are reportedly associated with non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). To date, in Russia, there have been relatively few studies that apply massive parallel sequencing (MPS) methods to elucidate the genetic factors underlying non-GJB2-related hearing loss cases. The current study is intended to provide an understanding of the mutation spectrum in non-GJB2-related hearing loss in a cohort of Russian sensorineural NSHL patients and establish the best diagnostic algorithm. Genetic testing using an MPS panel, which included 33 NSHL and syndromic hearing loss (SHL) genes that might be misdiagnosed as NSHL genes, was completed on 226 sequentially accrued and unrelated patients. As a result, the molecular basis of deafness was found in 21% of the non-GJB2 NSHL cases. The total contribution pathogenic, and likely pathogenic, variants in the genes studied among all hereditary NSHL Russian patients was 12%. STRC pathogenic and likely pathogenic, variants accounted for 30% of diagnoses in GJB2-negative patients, providing the most common diagnosis. The majority of causative mutations in STRC involved large copy number variants (CNVs) (80%). Among the point mutations, the most common were c.11864G>A (p.Trp3955*) in the USH2A gene, c.2171_2174delTTTG (p.Val724Glyfs*6) in the STRC gene, and c.107A>C (p.His36Pro) and c.1001G>T (p.Gly334Val) in the SLC26A4 gene. Pathogenic variants in genes involved in SHL accounted for almost half of the cases with an established molecular genetic diagnosis, which were 10% of the total cohort of patients with non-GJB2-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Shatokhina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nailya Galeeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Stepanova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Markova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation”, 117513 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education”, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Lalayants
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation”, 117513 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education”, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Alekseeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation”, 117513 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education”, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - George Tavarkiladze
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation”, 117513 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education”, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Markova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila Bessonova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Petukhova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Guseva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inga Anisimova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Polyakov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana Ryzhkova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Bliznetz
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Centre For Medical Genetics”, 115478 Moscow, Russia
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Audiological Evidence of Frequent Hereditary Mild, Moderate and Moderate-to-Severe Hearing Loss. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111843. [PMID: 36579563 PMCID: PMC9698638 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital and early onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is mainly caused by mutations in numerous genes. The introduction of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) has increased the number of infants with mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) detected in the first year of life. We aimed to evaluate the audiological features in patients with mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe SNHL according to genotype. Audiological and genetic data were analyzed for 251 patients and their relatives with congenital bilateral mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe SNHL. Hearing loss severity, audiogram profile, interaural symmetry, and dynamics of hearing thresholds were analyzed. In this case, 165 patients had GJB2 gene mutations, 30 patients were identified with STRC mutations, and 16 patients had pathogenic or likely pathogenic USH2A mutations. The presence of at least one GJB2 non-truncating variant in genotype led to less severe hearing impairment. The flat and gently sloping audiogram profiles were mostly revealed in all groups. The follow-up revealed the stability of hearing thresholds. GJB2, STRC, and USH2A pathogenic variants were detected in most patients in our cohort and were congenital in most cases.
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