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Chai JY, Seo M, Shin DH. Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea. PARASITES, HOSTS AND DISEASES 2023; 61:345-387. [PMID: 38043533 PMCID: PMC10693964 DOI: 10.3347/phd.23085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Paleoparasitology is a discipline that applies existing conventional and molecular techniques to study parasites found in ancient ruins. This review focuses on the history of the discovery of parasites (mostly helminth eggs and larvae) in archaeological soil samples and mummies in Korea from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Joseon Dynasty (100 BCE-1910 CE). We also briefly review important milestones in global paleoparasitology. The helminth species reported so far in Korea included Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercoralis (larva), Trichostrongylus sp. (larva), Paracapillaria philippinensis (syn. Capillaria philippinensis), Enterobius vermicularis, Fasciola hepatica, dicrocoeliids, Paragonimus westermani, Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai, Pygidiopsis summa, Gymnophalloides seoi, Isthmiophora hortensis, Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis (syn. Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense), and Taenia spp. tapeworms. The findings obtained by Korean paleoparasitologists/archaeologists have brought about deep insight into the status of helminthic infections in Korea's past populations. Continued paleoparasitological research is essential for further understanding of ancient parasites and parasitic diseases in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yil Chai
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Min Seo
- Department of Parasitology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116,
Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
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Fedorina A, Dobrovolskaya M, Krasnikova A, Shpolyanskiy S, Guseva V, Korzhikova E. Caring for the sick in a medieval rural community: A study based on paleopathological and archaeological data from Medieval Rus'. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2022; 37:30-40. [PMID: 35487166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research seeks to identify the way the sick were treated in the 14th-15th centuries АD in a rural community located close to the medieval urban centre of Suzdal in central medieval Russia MATERIALS: Skeletons of 26 humans were examined from the cemetery associated with the rural settlement of Mikhali 3/Mininskoe (central Russia) (14th-15th centuries A.D.) METHODS: Archaeological study, paleodemographic analysis, description of physiological stress markers, stature reconstruction, X-ray, 3D scan. RESULTS The remains comprised of 11 children, 11 adult females and 4 adult males. Numerous stress markers, as well as indicators of chronic disease and low levels of sexual dimorphism were noted suggesting a hard life and low social position. However, about 20% of adults lived to more than 40 years old and the archaeological artifacts - markers of prosperity -suggests high living standards of the majority of the inhabitants. CONCLUSIONS Among the possible explanations of the paradox of poor health but ample access to resources is well-developed supportive care practice within the community. SIGNIFICANCE A combination of bioarchaeological and archaeological studies of a medieval settlement and cemetery of Mikhali 3 offers information about medieval attitude towards the sick. LIMITATIONS Few sites had been analyzed using a complex approach. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH Combination of bioarchaeological and archaeological sources for estimation of life quality of medieval communities and clarification of their meaning of 'life quality'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Fedorina
- Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences (IA RAS), Dm. Ulyanov str,. 19, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Maria Dobrovolskaya
- Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences (IA RAS), Dm. Ulyanov str,. 19, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Krasnikova
- State Historical Museum, Krasnaya sq., 1, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Violetta Guseva
- State Social-Humanitarian University, Russia, Zelenaya str., 30, Kolomna, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Elizabeth Korzhikova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str, 3/2, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Cascardo P, Pucu E, Leles D. REVIEW OF PARASITES FOUND IN EXTINCT ANIMALS: WHAT CAN BE REVEALED. J Parasitol 2021; 107:275-283. [PMID: 33844838 DOI: 10.1645/20-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitism is inherent to life and observed in all species. Extinct animals have been studied to understand what they looked like, where and how they lived, what they fed on, and the reasons they became extinct. Paleoparasitology helps to clarify these questions based on the study of the parasites and microorganisms that infected those animals, using as a source material coprolites, fossils in rock, tissue, bone, mummy, and amber, analyses of ancient DNA, immunodiagnosis, and microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cascardo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitos, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Elisa Pucu
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitos, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Daniela Leles
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitos, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 21041-210, Brazil
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Slepchenko SM, Bugmyrin SV, Kozlov AI, Vershubskaya GG, Shin DH. Comparison of Helminth Infection among the Native Populations of the Arctic and Subarctic Areas in Western Siberia Throughout History: Parasitological Researches on Contemporary and the Archaeological Resources. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2019; 57:607-612. [PMID: 31914512 PMCID: PMC6960254 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this parasitological study is examining contemporary (the late 20th century) specimens of the arctic or subarctic areas in Western Siberia and comparing them with the information acquired from archaeological samples from the same area. In the contemporary specimens, we observed the parasite eggs of 3 different species: Opisthochis felineus, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Enterobius vermicularis. Meanwhile, in archaeoparasitological results of Vesakoyakha, Kikki-Akki, and Nyamboyto I burial grounds, the eggs of Diphyllobothrium and Taenia spp. were found while no nematode (soil-transmitted) eggs were observed in the same samples. In this study, we concluded helminth infection pattern among the arctic and subarctic peoples of Western Siberia throughout history as follows: the raw fish-eating tradition did not undergo radical change in the area at least since the 18th century; and A. lumbricoides or E. vermicularis did not infect the inhabitants of this area before 20th century. With respect to the Western Siberia, we caught glimpse of the parasite infection pattern prevalent therein via investigations on contemporary and archaeoparasitological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Mikhailovich Slepchenko
- Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 86 Malygina Street, Tyumen, 625003, Russian Federation.,Surgut State University, 1 Lenin Avenue, Surgut, 628408, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Vladimirovich Bugmyrin
- Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 11 Pushkinskaya St, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russian Federation
| | - Andrew Igorevich Kozlov
- Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 11 Mokhovaya street, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Galina Grigorievna Vershubskaya
- Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 11 Mokhovaya street, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Laboratory of Bioanthropology, Paleopathology and History of Diseases, Institute of Forensic Science/Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Slepchenko SM, Kardash OV, Slavinsky VS, Ivanov SN, Sergeyevna RD, Tsybankov AA, Shin DH. Archaeoparasitological Analysis of Samples from the Cultural Layer of Nadym Gorodok dated Back to the 14th-Late 18th Centuries. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2019; 57:567-573. [PMID: 31914506 PMCID: PMC6960246 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An archaeoparasitological analysis of the soil samples from Nadym Gorodok site of Western Siberia has been carried out in this study. The archaeological site was dated as the 13 to 18th century, being characterized as permafrost region ensuring good preservation of ancient parasite eggs. Parasite eggs as Opisthorchis felineus, Alaria alata, and Diphyllobothrium sp. were found in the archaeological soil samples, which made clear about the detailed aspects of Nadym Gorodok people’s life. We found the Diphyllobothrium sp. eggs throughout the 14 to 18th century specimens, allowing us to presume that raw or undercooked fish might have been commonly used for the foods of Nadym Gorodok inhabitants and their dogs for at least the past 400 years. Our study on Nadym Gorodok specimens also demonstrate that there might have been migratory interactions and strong economic ties between the people and society in Western Siberia, based on archaeoparasitological results of Opisthorchis felineus in Western Siberia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Mikhailovich Slepchenko
- Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 86 Malygina Street, Tyumen 625003, Russian Federation.,Surgut State University, 1 Lenin Avenue, Surgut 628412, Russian Federation.,Ltd Paleopoisk, 23/5 Demakova Street, Novosibirsk 630128, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Viktorovich Kardash
- Surgut State University, 1 Lenin Avenue, Surgut 628412, Russian Federation.,Autonomous Non-profit Organization the Institute of Archeology of the North, 16 Naberezhnaya Street, Nefteyugansk 628305, Russian Federation
| | - Vyacheslav Sergeyevich Slavinsky
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17, Acad. Lavretiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Nikolaevich Ivanov
- Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 86 Malygina Street, Tyumen 625003, Russian Federation
| | - Rakultseva Daria Sergeyevna
- Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 86 Malygina Street, Tyumen 625003, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Alekseevich Tsybankov
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17, Acad. Lavretiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Laboratory of Bioanthropology, Paleopathology and History of Diseases, Institute of Forensic Science/ Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Camacho M, Araújo A, Morrow J, Buikstra J, Reinhard K. Recovering parasites from mummies and coprolites: an epidemiological approach. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:248. [PMID: 29661215 PMCID: PMC5902992 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of archaeological parasitology, researchers have long documented the distribution of parasites in archaeological time and space through the analysis of coprolites and human remains. This area of research defined the origin and migration of parasites through presence/absence studies. By the end of the 20th century, the field of pathoecology had emerged as researchers developed an interest in the ancient ecology of parasite transmission. Supporting studies were conducted to establish the relationships between parasites and humans, including cultural, subsistence, and ecological reconstructions. Parasite prevalence data were collected to infer the impact of parasitism on human health. In the last few decades, a paleoepidemiological approach has emerged with a focus on applying statistical techniques for quantification. The application of egg per gram (EPG) quantification methods provide data about parasites' prevalence in ancient populations and also identify the pathological potential that parasitism presented in different time periods and geographic places. Herein, we compare the methods used in several laboratories for reporting parasite prevalence and EPG quantification. We present newer quantification methods to explore patterns of parasite overdispersion among ancient people. These new methods will be able to produce more realistic measures of parasite infections among people of the past. These measures allow researchers to compare epidemiological patterns in both ancient and modern populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Camacho
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ENSP/FIOCRUZ), Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Adauto Araújo
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ENSP/FIOCRUZ), Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Johnica Morrow
- Department of Physical & Life Sciences, Chadron State College, 1000 Main Street, Chadron, NE, 69337, USA
| | - Jane Buikstra
- School of Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Karl Reinhard
- Pathoecology Laboratory, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0987, USA.
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