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Gurr A, Henneberg M, Kumaratilake J, Lerche D, Richards L, Brook AH. The Oral Health of a Group of 19th Century South Australian Settlers in Relation to Their General Health and Compared with That of Contemporaneous Samples. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11040099. [PMID: 37185476 PMCID: PMC10136771 DOI: 10.3390/dj11040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study are to determine the oral health status of a rare sample of 19th-century migrant settlers to South Australia, how oral conditions may have influenced their general health, and how the oral health of this group compares with contemporaneous samples in Australia, New Zealand, and Britain. Dentitions of 18 adults and 22 subadults were investigated using non-destructive methods (micro-CT, macroscopic, radiographic). Extensive carious lesions were identified in seventeen adults and four subadults, and from this group one subadult and sixteen adults had antemortem tooth loss. Sixteen adults showed evidence of periodontal disease. Enamel hypoplastic (EH) defects were identified in fourteen adults and nine subadults. Many individuals with dental defects also had skeletal signs of comorbidities. South Australian individuals had the same percentage of carious lesions as the British sample (53%), more than other historic Australian samples, but less than a contemporary New Zealand sample. Over 50% of individuals from all the historic cemeteries had EH defects, suggesting systemic health insults during dental development were common during the 19th century. The overall oral health of the South Australian settlers was poor but, in some categories, (tooth wear, periapical abscess, periodontal disease), better than the other historic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Gurr
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jaliya Kumaratilake
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Derek Lerche
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Lindsay Richards
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Alan Henry Brook
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London WC1E 7HU, UK
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Crane-Kramer G, Buckberry J. Changes in health with the rise of industry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2023; 40:99-102. [PMID: 36645946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the publication of the Christ Church Spitalfields crypt, London, in 1993, archaeologists and paleopathologists have increasingly recognized the importance of post-medieval burial assemblages. Increasingly paleopathologists have explored the impact industrialization and urbanization had on disease. This virtual special issue focuses upon a global examination of the transition to industry commencing in the mid-18th century. The objectives are to identify commonalities and disparities in general health during the development of industry within a global context, and to examine, and in some cases challenge, long-held assumptions about health during this period of dramatic social change. It gathers together papers from international scholars in order to examine patterns in health experience throughout the transition to industry. The individual papers address this transition in terms of the unique chronological, political, economic, and social parameters of their specific region. This introduction identifies long held assumptions about the impact the industrial revolution had on health and outlines the specific environmental and social conditions of industry that influenced human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Crane-Kramer
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, 101 Broad Street, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA.
| | - Jo Buckberry
- School of Archaeological and Forensic Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK.
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