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Kacem H, Poonlaphdecha S, Ribas A, Maceda A, Miquel J. Sperm characteristics of the Telorchiidae (Digenea, Plagiorchioidea): First ultrastructural data on Telorchis attenuatus an intestinal parasite of Trachemys scripta elegans. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102513. [PMID: 39098257 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The ultrastructural features of the mature spermatozoon of Telorchis attenuatus (Digenea, Telorchiidae), an intestinal parasite of the red-eared turtle Trachemys scripta elegans (Testudines, Emydidae), are described using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mature spermatozoon of T. attenuatus is a filiform cell tapered at both ends and displays Bakhoum et al.'s type IV of digenean sperm cells. Spermatozoa of T. attenuatus have: (i) two axonemes of different lengths with the 9+'1' pattern of trepaxonematan Platyhelminthes, surrounded by a continuous submembranous layer of cortical microtubules at their anterior end, (ii) an external ornamentation of the plasma membrane following Quilichini et al.'s type 2 and associated with cortical microtubules, (iii) two bundles of parallel cortical microtubules with the maximum number situated in the anterior part of the sperm cell, (iv) spine-like bodies, (v) two mitochondria, and (vi) a large number of irregularly distributed glycogen granules. Furthermore, the morphology of the posterior spermatozoon extremity in T. attenuatus corresponds to the Quilichini et al.'s fasciolidean type. The results of the current study are especially compared to the existing information from other families within the superfamily Plagiorchioidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Kacem
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Environnement - LR24ES17, Faculté des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès Zrig, Gabès 6072, Tunisia; Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Srisupaph Poonlaphdecha
- Secció de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, sn, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Alexis Ribas
- Secció de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, sn, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Alberto Maceda
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Jordi Miquel
- Secció de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, sn, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Knudson HP, Curran SS, Truong TN, Dutton HR, Bullard SA. ENCYCLOBREPHUS BREVIVITELLUS N. SP. (DIGENEA: PLAGIORCHIOIDEA, INCERTAE SEDIS) INFECTING THE MEKONG SNAIL-EATING TURTLE, MALAYEMYS SUBTRIJUGA, IN THE MEKONG RIVER, VIETNAM, WITH PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES BASED ON RDNA. J Parasitol 2023; 109:87-95. [PMID: 36972370 DOI: 10.1645/22-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A new digenean species belonging in EncyclobrephusSinha, 1949 is described, and the generic diagnosis is amended to accommodate variation in several features of the new species. Worms were collected from the intestines of 2 specimens of the Mekong snail-eating turtle, Malayemys subtrijuga (Schlegel and Müller, 1845). Permanent whole-mounted worms were studied using light microscopy, and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences were generated from 3 worms. We investigated the phylogenetic relationship of the new species among some digenea using separate Bayesian inference analyses, 1 based on the 28S rDNA gene and rooted using a species from the Monorchioidea Odhner, 1911, and a second based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 region rooted by a species in the Microphalloidea Ward, 1901. Prior to the analyses, Encyclobrephus was classified in the Encyclometridae Mehra, 1931. Previous studies using rDNA from the type species for the family, Encyclometra colubrimurorum (Rudolphi, 1819) Baylis and Cannon, 1924, have demonstrated that En. colubrimurorum is closely related to species of Polylekithum Arnold, 1934 in the Gorgoderoidea Looss, 1901. Nevertheless, phylograms from both analyses indicated that the new species of Encyclobrephus belongs in the Plagiorchioidea Lühe, 1901, related to species in the families Cephalogonimidae Looss, 1899, Plagiorchiidae Lühe, 1901, Reniferidae Pratt, 1902, and Telorchiidae Looss, 1899. The present results suggest that Encyclobrephus is not closely related to En. colubrimurorum. Familial classification of Encyclobrephus is contingent on molecular data availability for the type species but it should be removed from the Encyclometridae and classified as incertae sedis within the Plagiorchioidea. Encyclometridae belongs in the Gorgoderoidea, not the Plagiorchioidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley P Knudson
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
| | - Stephen S Curran
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
| | - Triet N Truong
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
| | - Haley R Dutton
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
| | - Stephen A Bullard
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
- Department of Zoology, School for Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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Review of the metazoan parasites of the economically and ecologically important African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus in Africa: Current status and novel records. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2023; 119:65-222. [PMID: 36707175 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the most widely distributed African freshwater fish is the African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) that is naturally distributed in 8 of the 10 ichthyofaunal regions of this continent. Clarias gariepinus is a highly valued and cheap staple to local communities and an ideal aquaculture species. Consequently, interest in the parasitic communities of C. gariepinus has increased as parasites may accidentally be ingested by humans when eating uncooked fish or can be introduced into culture systems through fish stocks supplied from local rivers which affect yield, growth, and marketability. This review provides an overview of the ∼107 metazoan parasite species known to parasitise C. gariepinus in Africa and their general life cycles, morphology, paratenic and post-cyclic infections, and the biogeography and validity of records are discussed. A brief overview is included on the application of some of these parasites in environmental studies and their link to human health.
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Truong TN, Curran SS, Dutton HR, Bullard SA. Resurrection and emendation of Pseudoparamacroderoides Gupta & Agrawal, 1968 (Digenea: Macroderoididae), description of a new species from Vietnam, and comments on the systematics of macroderoidid genera. Syst Parasitol 2021; 98:697-711. [PMID: 34687425 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-021-10006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We herein resurrect and emend Pseudoparamacroderoides Gupta & Agrawal, 1968 (Digenea: Macroderoididae) and describe a new species, Pseudoparamacroderoides dongthapensis n. sp., from adult specimens infecting the intestine of a riverine catfish, Mystus mysticetus Roberts, (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Mekong River, Vietnam. Pseudoparamacroderoides (Pseudoparamacroderoides seenghali Gupta & Agrawal, 1968 [type species]; Pseudoparamacroderoides vittati Kakaji, 1969 [= Ps. vittatusi]; Pseudoparamacroderoides raychaudhurii Agarwal & Kumar, 1983; and Pseudoparamacroderoides keni Agarwal & Agarwal, 1984) differs from other macroderoidid genera by having the combination of a subspherical oral sucker that lacks distinctly-enlarged circumoral spines; caeca that extend posteriad beyond the testes without forming a cyclocoel; testes that are approximately ≤1/3 maximum body width in diameter; a cirrus sac that is claviform, slightly dorsal to and predominantly lateral to the ventral sucker (cirrus sac partially dorsolateral to dextral or sinistral margin of ventral sucker); symmetrical vitelline fields that extend posteriad to the middle of the post-testicular space (not restricted to the inter-gonadal space) and that remain separate (not confluent) anteriorly and posteriorly; and an excretory vesicle that is I-shaped (with or without anterior swelling) and wholly post-ovarian, inter-testicular, or median to the posterior testis. Pseudoparamacroderoides dongthapensis n. sp. differs from its congeners by having an elongate hindbody (>2× forebody length) and an excretory vesicle that is approximately half as long as the body and that extends anteriad beyond the anterior testis. This is the first record of a species of Pseudoparamacroderoides from beyond the Indian sub-continent, from M. mysticetus, and from the Mekong River or from Vietnam. A diagnostic key to macroderoidid genera and a key to Pseudoparamacroderoides spp. are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triet N Truong
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite & Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA.
| | - Stephen S Curran
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite & Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Haley R Dutton
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite & Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Stephen A Bullard
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite & Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
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Smit NJ. A smorgasbord of firsts: Taxonomy, morphology, and ecology of parasites in wildlife - Invited papers from the 4th International Congress on Parasites of Wildlife 2021/2022, Kruger National Park, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2021; 15:276-277. [PMID: 34277338 PMCID: PMC8271098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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