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Ailuno G, Balboni A, Caviglioli G, Lai F, Barbieri F, Dellacasagrande I, Florio T, Baldassari S. Boron Vehiculating Nanosystems for Neutron Capture Therapy in Cancer Treatment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244029. [PMID: 36552793 PMCID: PMC9776957 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy is a low-invasive cancer therapy based on the neutron fission process that occurs upon thermal neutron irradiation of 10B-containing compounds; this process causes the release of alpha particles that selectively damage cancer cells. Although several clinical studies involving mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate and the boronophenylalanine-fructose complex are currently ongoing, the success of this promising anticancer therapy is hampered by the lack of appropriate drug delivery systems to selectively carry therapeutic concentrations of boron atoms to cancer tissues, allowing prolonged boron retention therein and avoiding the damage of healthy tissues. To achieve these goals, numerous research groups have explored the possibility to formulate nanoparticulate systems for boron delivery. In this review. we report the newest developments on boron vehiculating drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles, distinguished on the basis of the type of carrier used, with a specific focus on the formulation aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (T.F.)
| | - Alice Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Lai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (T.F.)
| | - Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16147 Genova, Italy
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2
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Cheng X, Li F, Liang L. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Clinical Application and Research Progress. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:7868-7886. [PMID: 36290899 PMCID: PMC9601095 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary modality that is used to treat a variety of malignancies, using neutrons to irradiate boron-10 (10B) nuclei that have entered tumor cells to produce highly linear energy transfer (LET) alpha particles and recoil 7Li nuclei (10B [n, α] 7Li). Therefore, the most important part in BNCT is to selectively deliver a large number of 10B to tumor cells and only a small amount to normal tissue. So far, BNCT has been used in more than 2000 cases worldwide, and the efficacy of BNCT in the treatment of head and neck cancer, malignant meningioma, melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma has been confirmed. We collected and collated clinical studies of second-generation boron delivery agents. The combination of different drugs, the mode of administration, and the combination of multiple treatments have an important impact on patient survival. We summarized the critical issues that must be addressed, with the hope that the next generation of boron delivery agents will overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cheng
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Fanfan Li
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei 230601, China
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (L.L.); Tel.: +86-13855137365 (F.L.); +86-15905602477 (L.L.)
| | - Lizhen Liang
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Energy, Building 9, Binhu Excellence City Phase I, 16 Huayuan Avenue, Baohe District, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (L.L.); Tel.: +86-13855137365 (F.L.); +86-15905602477 (L.L.)
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3
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Kondo N. DNA damage and biological responses induced by Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Enzymes 2022; 51:65-78. [PMID: 36336409 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a tumor cell selective high LET (linear energy transfer) particle beam therapy. The patient is administrated a boron (10B) compound via intravenous injection or infusion, and when 10B is sufficiently accumulated in the tumor, neutron beams containing epithermal neutrons as the main component are irradiated. Epithermal neutrons lose energy in the body and become thermal neutrons. The captured 10B undergoes a (n, α) reaction with thermal neutrons, and the resulting α particles and 7Li nuclei have short ranges of 9-10μm and 4-5μm, respectively, and do not reach the surrounding cells in normal tissues. Therefore, these high LET-heavy charged particles can selectively kill cancer cells. The cell-killing effect of these heavy charged particles is thought to be triggered by DNA damage. It is known that DNA damage caused by heavy charged particles is more serious and difficult to repair than DNA damage caused by Low LET radiation such as X-rays and γ-rays. This review focuses on DNA damage, e.g., DNA strand breaks and DNA damage repair caused by BNCT and describes the resulting biological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Kondo
- Particle Radiation Oncology Research Center, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan.
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Kondo N, Hirano F, Temma T. Evaluation of 3-Borono-l-Phenylalanine as a Water-Soluble Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Agent. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051106. [PMID: 35631692 PMCID: PMC9143228 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although 4-borono-l-phenylalanine (4-BPA) is currently the only marketed agent available for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), its low water solubility raises concerns. In this study, we synthesized 3-borono-l-phenylalanine (3-BPA), a positional isomer of 4-BPA, with improved water solubility. We further evaluated its physicochemical properties, tumor accumulation, and biodistribution. The water solubility of 3-BPA was 125 g/L, which is more than 100 times higher than that of 4-BPA. Due to the high water solubility, we prepared the administration solution of 3-BPA without a solubilizer sugar, which is inevitably added to 4-BPA preparation and has adverse effects. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, boron accumulation in cancers after administration was statistically equivalent in both sugar-complexed 3-BPA and 4-BPA. Furthermore, the biodistribution of 3-BPA was comparable with that of sugar-complexed 3-BPA. Since 3-BPA has high water solubility and tumor targetability equivalent to 4-BPA, 3-BPA can replace 4-BPA in future BNCT.
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Wang S, Zhang Z, Miao L, Li Y. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Current Status and Challenges. Front Oncol 2022; 12:788770. [PMID: 35433432 PMCID: PMC9009440 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.788770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a re-emerging therapy with the ability to selectively kill tumor cells. After the boron delivery agents enter the tumor tissue and enrich the tumor cells, the thermal neutrons trigger the fission of the boron atoms, leading to the release of boron atoms and then leading to the release of the α particles (4He) and recoil lithium particles (7Li), along with the production of large amounts of energy in the narrow region. With the advantages of targeted therapy and low toxicity, BNCT has become a unique method in the field of radiotherapy. Since the beginning of the last century, BNCT has been emerging worldwide and gradually developed into a technology for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma, and other cancers. At present, how to develop and innovate more efficient boron delivery agents and establish a more accurate boron-dose measurement system have become the problem faced by the development of BNCT. We discuss the use of boron delivery agents over the past several decades and the corresponding clinical trials and preclinical outcomes. Furthermore, the discussion brings recommendations on the future of boron delivery agents and this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengchao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lele Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Takahara K, Miyatake SI, Azuma H, Shiroki R. Boron neutron capture therapy for urological cancers. Int J Urol 2022; 29:610-616. [PMID: 35240726 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy is based on a nuclear reaction between the nonradioactive isotope boron-10 and either low-energy thermal neutrons or high-energy epithermal neutrons, which generate high linear energy transfer α particles and a recoiled lithium nucleus (7 Li) that selectively destroys the DNA helix in tumor cells. Boron neutron capture therapy is an emerging procedure aimed at improving the therapeutic ratio for the traditional treatment of various malignancies, which has been studied clinically in a variety of diseases, including glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, cutaneous melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, and extramammary Paget's disease. However, boron neutron capture therapy has not been clinically performed for urological cancers, excluding genital extramammary Paget's disease that appeared at the scrotum to penis area. In this review, we aimed to provide an updated summary of the current clinical literature of patients treated with boron neutron capture therapy and to focus on the future prospects of boron neutron capture therapy for urological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Takahara
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyatake
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Shiroki
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
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Theranostics in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11040330. [PMID: 33920126 PMCID: PMC8070338 DOI: 10.3390/life11040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has the potential to specifically destroy tumor cells without damaging the tissues infiltrated by the tumor. BNCT is a binary treatment method based on the combination of two agents that have no effect when applied individually: 10B and thermal neutrons. Exclusively, the combination of both produces an effect, whose extent depends on the amount of 10B in the tumor but also on the organs at risk. It is not yet possible to determine the 10B concentration in a specific tissue using non-invasive methods. At present, it is only possible to measure the 10B concentration in blood and to estimate the boron concentration in tissues based on the assumption that there is a fixed uptake of 10B from the blood into tissues. On this imprecise assumption, BNCT can hardly be developed further. A therapeutic approach, combining the boron carrier for therapeutic purposes with an imaging tool, might allow us to determine the 10B concentration in a specific tissue using a non-invasive method. This review provides an overview of the current clinical protocols and preclinical experiments and results on how innovative drug development for boron delivery systems can also incorporate concurrent imaging. The last section focuses on the importance of proteomics for further optimization of BNCT, a highly precise and personalized therapeutic approach.
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Abstract
The standard of care treatment for glioblastoma is surgical resection followed by radiotherapy to 60 Gy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide with or without tumor-treating fields. Advanced imaging techniques are under evaluation to better guide radiotherapy target volume delineation and allow for dose escalation. Particle therapy, in the form of protons, carbon ions, and boron neutron capture therapy, are being assessed as strategies to improve the radiotherapeutic ratio. Stereotactic, hypofractionated, pulsed-reduced dose-rate, and particle radiotherapy are re-irradiation techniques each uniquely suited for different clinical scenarios. Novel radiotherapy approaches, such as FLASH, represent promising advancements in radiotherapy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kotecha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Martin C Tom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Minesh P Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Malouff TD, Seneviratne DS, Ebner DK, Stross WC, Waddle MR, Trifiletti DM, Krishnan S. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: A Review of Clinical Applications. Front Oncol 2021; 11:601820. [PMID: 33718149 PMCID: PMC7952987 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.601820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an emerging treatment modality aimed at improving the therapeutic ratio for traditionally difficult to treat tumors. BNCT utilizes boronated agents to preferentially deliver boron-10 to tumors, which, after undergoing irradiation with neutrons, yields litihium-7 and an alpha particle. The alpha particle has a short range, therefore preferentially affecting tumor tissues while sparing more distal normal tissues. To date, BNCT has been studied clinically in a variety of disease sites, including glioblastoma multiforme, meningioma, head and neck cancers, lung cancers, breast cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma, sarcomas, cutaneous malignancies, extramammary Paget's disease, recurrent cancers, pediatric cancers, and metastatic disease. We aim to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the studies of each of these disease sites, as well as a review on the challenges facing adoption of BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Malouff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Daniel K Ebner
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - William C Stross
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Mark R Waddle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Daniel M Trifiletti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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10
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Wróblewska A, Szermer-Olearnik B, Pajtasz-Piasecka E. Nanocząstki o wysokiej zawartości boru
jako potencjalne nośniki w terapii
borowo-neutronowej. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.7760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Podstawą terapii borowo-neutronowej (boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT) jest selektywne
dostarczenie boru do komórek nowotworowych, a następnie napromienienie zmienionego
chorobowo miejsca wiązką neutronów. W wyniku tego procesu dochodzi do rozszczepienia
jądra izotopu 10B, co powoduje uwolnienie energii niszczącej komórki nowotworowe.
Mimo że badania związane z BNCT trwają od lat 50. XX wieku, pozostaje ona wciąż terapią
eksperymentalną. Jest to związane m.in. z brakiem nośników umożliwiających szybkie i skuteczne
wprowadzanie 10B do środowiska nowotworu. Tak więc często podnoszonym zagadnieniem
i jednym z głównych wyzwań dla rozwoju BNCT, jest poszukiwanie selektywnych
związków dostarczających wymaganą ilość tego pierwiastka. Istotnym aspektem są badania
nad nanometrycznymi strukturami, takimi jak liposomy zawierające związki bogate w bor
lub nieorganiczne nanocząstki – węglik boru czy azotek boru. Ze względu na dużą zawartość
boru oraz możliwość modyfikacji powierzchni tych nanocząstek, mogą się one okazać
wyjątkowo atrakcyjnym narzędziem w celowanej BNCT. Równie ważnym problemem tej terapii
jest opracowanie precyzyjnych powiązań między źródłem neutronów, specyfiką wiązki
a rodzajem zastosowanego nośnika. W artykule wskazujemy na wysoki potencjał związków
bogatych w bor jako nośników w celowanej terapii borowo-neutronowej.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wróblewska
- Instytut Immunologii i Terapii Doświadczalnej im. Ludwika Hirszfelda Polskiej Akademii Nauk we Wrocławiu
| | - Bożena Szermer-Olearnik
- Instytut Immunologii i Terapii Doświadczalnej im. Ludwika Hirszfelda Polskiej Akademii Nauk we Wrocławiu
| | - Elżbieta Pajtasz-Piasecka
- Instytut Immunologii i Terapii Doświadczalnej im. Ludwika Hirszfelda Polskiej Akademii Nauk we Wrocławiu
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Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2020; 149:1-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Suzuki M. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT): a unique role in radiotherapy with a view to entering the accelerator-based BNCT era. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 25:43-50. [PMID: 31168726 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has a unique property of tumor-cell-selective heavy-particle irradiation. BNCT can form large dose gradients between cancer cells and normal cells, even if the two types of cells are mingled at the tumor margin. This property makes it possible for BNCT to be used for pre-irradiated locally recurrent tumors. Shallow-seated, locally recurrent lesions have been treated with BNCT because of the poor penetration of neutrons in the human body. BNCT has been used in clinical studies for recurrent malignant gliomas and head and neck cancers using neutron beams derived from research reactors, although further investigation is warranted because of the small number of patients. In the latter part of this review, the development of accelerator-based neutron sources is described. BNCT for common cancers will become available at medical institutes that are equipped with an accelerator-based BNCT system. Multiple metastatic lung tumors have been investigated as one of the new treatment candidates because BNCT can deliver curative doses of radiation to the tumors while sparing normal lung tissue. Further basic and clinical studies are needed to move toward an era of accelerator-based BNCT when more patients suffering from refractory cancers will be treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Suzuki
- Particle Radiation Oncology Research Center, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan.
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Barth RF, Mi P, Yang W. Boron delivery agents for neutron capture therapy of cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2018; 38:35. [PMID: 29914561 PMCID: PMC6006782 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-018-0299-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary radiotherapeutic modality based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when the stable isotope, boron-10, is irradiated with neutrons to produce high energy alpha particles. This review will focus on tumor-targeting boron delivery agents that are an essential component of this binary system. Two low molecular weight boron-containing drugs currently are being used clinically, boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH). Although they are far from being ideal, their therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated in patients with high grade gliomas, recurrent tumors of the head and neck region, and a much smaller number with cutaneous and extra-cutaneous melanomas. Because of their limitations, great effort has been expended over the past 40 years to develop new boron delivery agents that have more favorable biodistribution and uptake for clinical use. These include boron-containing porphyrins, amino acids, polyamines, nucleosides, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, liposomes, nanoparticles of various types, boron cluster compounds and co-polymers. Currently, however, none of these have reached the stage where there is enough convincing data to warrant clinical biodistribution studies. Therefore, at present the best way to further improve the clinical efficacy of BNCT would be to optimize the dosing paradigms and delivery of BPA and BSH, either alone or in combination, with the hope that future research will identify new and better boron delivery agents for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf F. Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 4132 Graves Hall, 333 W. 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Weilian Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 4132 Graves Hall, 333 W. 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Present Address: Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004 P. R. China
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14
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Adeli R, Kasesaz Y, Shirmardi SP, Ezaty A. Thermal and epithermal neutron flux distributions measurement in thermal column of TRR using an experimental-simulation method. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 133:100-104. [PMID: 29335157 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
For designing an appropriate neutron beam, the determination of neutron flux at any irradiation facility is an important key factor. Due to the importance of determining the thermal and epithermal neutron fluxes in a typical thermal column of a reactor, a simple and accurate technique is introduced in this study. Absolute thermal and epithermal fluxes were measured experimentally at a certain point using the foil activation method by neutron bombardment of bare and cadmium covered Au foils. The relative neutron fluxes were also derived simply by means of Monte Carlo simulation by accurate modelling of the reactor components. Finally, by normalization of the relative distribution flux with regard to information about the absolute neutron flux, the accurate thermal and epithermal neutron distributions were derived, separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhollah Adeli
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Kasesaz
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arsalan Ezaty
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
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15
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Kasesaz Y, Khalafi H, Rahmani F, Ezati A, Keyvani M, Hossnirokh A, Shamami MA, Monshizadeh M. A feasibility study of the Tehran research reactor as a neutron source for BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 90:132-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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17
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Kageji T, Nagahiro S, Mizobuchi Y, Matsuzaki K, Nakagawa Y, Kumada H. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for newly-diagnosed glioblastoma: Comparison of clinical results obtained with BNCT and conventional treatment. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2014; 61:254-63. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.61.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teruyoshi Kageji
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, the University of Tokushima
| | - Shinji Nagahiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, the University of Tokushima
| | | | | | - Yoshinobu Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults
| | - Hiroaki Kumada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba
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18
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Kageji T, Mizobuchi Y, Nagahiro S, Nakagawa Y, Kumada H. Correlation between radiation dose and histopathological findings in patients with gliblastoma treated with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 88:20-2. [PMID: 24480727 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between the radiation dose and histopathological findings in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Histopathological studies were performed on specimens from 8 patients, 3 had undergone salvage surgery and 5 were autopsied. For histopathological cure of GBM at the primary site, the optimal minimal dose to the gross tumor volume (GTV) and the clinical target volume (CTV) were 68Gy(w) and 44Gy(w), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kageji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Y Mizobuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - S Nagahiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Y Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa National Children's Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - H Kumada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaragi, Japan
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Beam shaping assembly of a D–T neutron source for BNCT and its dosimetry simulation in deeply-seated tumor. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barth RF, Vicente MGH, Harling OK, Kiger WS, Riley KJ, Binns PJ, Wagner FM, Suzuki M, Aihara T, Kato I, Kawabata S. Current status of boron neutron capture therapy of high grade gliomas and recurrent head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol 2012; 7:146. [PMID: 22929110 PMCID: PMC3583064 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-7-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a biochemically targeted radiotherapy based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when non-radioactive boron-10, which is a constituent of natural elemental boron, is irradiated with low energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Clinical interest in BNCT has focused primarily on the treatment of high grade gliomas, recurrent cancers of the head and neck region and either primary or metastatic melanoma. Neutron sources for BNCT currently have been limited to specially modified nuclear reactors, which are or until the recent Japanese natural disaster, were available in Japan, the United States, Finland and several other European countries, Argentina and Taiwan. Accelerators producing epithermal neutron beams also could be used for BNCT and these are being developed in several countries. It is anticipated that the first Japanese accelerator will be available for therapeutic use in 2013. The major hurdle for the design and synthesis of boron delivery agents has been the requirement for selective tumor targeting to achieve boron concentrations in the range of 20 μg/g. This would be sufficient to deliver therapeutic doses of radiation with minimal normal tissue toxicity. Two boron drugs have been used clinically, a dihydroxyboryl derivative of phenylalanine, referred to as boronophenylalanine or “BPA”, and sodium borocaptate or “BSH” (Na2B12H11SH). In this report we will provide an overview of other boron delivery agents that currently are under evaluation, neutron sources in use or under development for BNCT, clinical dosimetry, treatment planning, and finally a summary of previous and on-going clinical studies for high grade gliomas and recurrent tumors of the head and neck region. Promising results have been obtained with both groups of patients but these outcomes must be more rigorously evaluated in larger, possibly randomized clinical trials. Finally, we will summarize the critical issues that must be addressed if BNCT is to become a more widely established clinical modality for the treatment of those malignancies for which there currently are no good treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf F Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 165 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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l-Boronophenylalanine-Mediated Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Malignant Glioma Progressing After External Beam Radiation Therapy: A Phase I Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 80:369-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Clinical Effectiveness of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for a Recurrent Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Mediastinum. J Thorac Oncol 2010; 5:2037-8. [DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3181f1cd86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Bondiau PY, Fauchon F, Jadaud E, Paquis P. [Radiotherapy in adult glioblastomas]. Neurochirurgie 2010; 56:486-90. [PMID: 20869090 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a treatment of malignant gliomas in adults. It improves survival rates, whether used alone, in addition to surgery, or in combination with chemotherapy. Three-dimensional imaging techniques, image fusion, and conformational radiotherapy are optimizing treatment plans for the treatment of these tumors and are sparing healthy tissue. After a review of the physical and biological bases of ionizing radiation, we present the techniques, results, side effects, and results of irradiation of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- P-Y Bondiau
- Centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue de Valombrose, 06100 Nice, France.
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Linz U. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Glioblastoma: Is it Worth Pursuing? Technol Cancer Res Treat 2008; 7:83-8. [DOI: 10.1177/153303460800700110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently glioblastomas are incurable brain tumors. The prospect of treating this deadly disease has been the major justification for the current programs of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) throughout the world. However, based on pharmacological and cell biological considerations, it is improbable that BNCT will ever be an effective therapy for this tumor. Indeed, a review of the published literature over the last 50 years fails to provide justification for developing BNCT past its present experimental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Linz
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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Olivier D, Bourré L, El-Sabbagh E, Loussouarn D, Simonneaux G, Valette F, Patrice T. Photodynamic effects of SIM01, a new sensitizer, on experimental brain tumors in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 68:255-63; discussion 263. [PMID: 17544487 DOI: 10.1016/j.surneu.2006.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are the third most common cause of cancer death in patients between 15 and 35 years old. Literature suggests that PDT could represent a promising treatment, providing that sensitizers could accumulate within the cancer tissues despite the blood-brain barrier. METHODS Distribution and PDT effect of SIM01, a promising photosensitizer, have been evaluated on orthotopic C6 tumor model in rats by comparison with HPD and m-THPC. Pharmacokinetics had been analyzed with fluorescence and ROS. Photodynamic treatment was done using a 630-nm light with an energy density of 100 J cm(-2) for HPD and a 652-nm light with an energy density of 20 J cm(-2) for m-THPC and SIM01. RESULTS The correlation between fluorescence and ROS dosimetry was found to be excellent. An optimal concentration was found after 12 hours for SIM01 (4 mg/kg), 24 hours for HPD (10 mg/kg), and 48 hours for m-THPC (4 mg/kg). The best normal tissue/cancer ratio of concentration had been found after 12 hours for SIM01 and 48 hours for HPD and m-THPC. Pathological examinations after PDT showed that the criteria for histology of glioblastic origin were absent in SIM01-treated rats 12 hours after injection but were present in 50% of rats treated 24 hours after injection and in all after a 48-hour delay. Mean survival of rats treated 12 or 24 hours after SIM01 injection was significantly improved compared with controls, HPD-, or m-THPC-treated groups. Survival of rats treated 12 or 24 hours after SIM01 injection reached 20 days but decreased for longer delays. On the contrary, survival reached 18 days at the maximum for rats treated 48 hours after m-THPC or HPD injection. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that PDT is a promising treatment for glioblastomas. SIM01 efficacy is as efficient as m-THPC but with much more favorable pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Olivier
- Département Laser, Neurochirurgie, CHU Nantes, 44480 Nantes, France
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor. Nearly two-thirds of gliomas are highly malignant lesions that account for a disproportionate share of brain tumor-related morbidity and mortality. Despite recent advances, two-year survival for glioblastoma with optimal therapy is less than 30%. Even among patients with low-grade gliomas that confer a relatively good prognosis, treatment is almost never curative. REVIEW SUMMARY Surgery and radiation have been the mainstays of therapy for most glioma patients, but temozolomide chemotherapy has recently been proven to prolong overall survival in patients with glioblastoma. Intriguing data suggests that activity of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), in tumor cells may predict responsiveness to temozolomide and other alkylating agents. Novel treatment approaches, especially targeted molecular therapies against critical components of glioma signaling pathways, appear promising in preliminary studies. Optimal treatment for patients with low-grade gliomas has yet to be determined. Advances in oligodendroglioma biology have identified loss of chromosomes 1p and 19q as powerful indicators of a favorable prognosis. These same changes may predict response to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Though the prognosis for many patients with gliomas is poor, the last decade produced a number of important advances, some of which have translated directly into survival benefits. Rapid progress in the field of glioma molecular biology continues to identify therapeutic targets and provide hope for the future of this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Norden
- Division of Cancer Neurology, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Center For Neuro-Oncology, Dana Farber Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Amaldi U, Kraft G. European developments in radiotherapy with beams of large radiobiological effectiveness. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2007; 48 Suppl A:A27-41. [PMID: 17513898 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.48.a27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the European activities in the field of tumour therapy with beams which have a Radio Biological Effectiveness (RBE) larger than 1. Initially neutron beams have been used. Then charged pions promised better cure rates so that their use was pursued in the framework of the ;Piotron' project at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Switzerland). However both approaches did not meet the expectations and in the 80s the EULIMA project became the flagship of these attempts to improve the effects of the delivery of radiation doses of large RBE with respect to photons, electrons and even protons. The EULIMA ion accelerator was never built and it took more than ten years to see the approval, in Heidelberg and Pavia, of the construction of the HIT and CNAO ;dual' centres for carbon ions and protons. In 2008 they will start treating patients. The developments that brought to these construction projects are described together with the special features of these two facilities. The third European dual centre is being built by Siemens Medical Systems in Marburg, Germany, while other facilities have been approved but not yet fully financed in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), Lyon (France) and Uppsala (Sweden). Finally the collaboration activities of the European Network ENLIGHT are presented together with the recent involvements of European industries in the construction of turn-key dual centres and the development of a new accelerator concept for hadrontherapy, the ;cyclinac'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Amaldi
- Physics Department, University of Milano Bicocca
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Abstract
Neutron capture therapy (NCT) is a form of radiation therapy using nuclides having a high propensity for capturing thermal neutrons and reacting with a prompt nuclear reaction (i.e. disintegration). If these nuclides are introduced selectively into tumor cells it is theoretically possible to destroy the tumor and to spare the surrounding normal tissue. The principles of this modality were described in 1936. First clinical trials in the USA from 1951 to 1961 using 10B resulted in failure. Since 1968 patients suffering from glioblastoma have been successfully treated in Japan by NCT with 10B and since 1987 another Japanese group has treated melanoma using NCT. The Japanese experiences and recent advances in the evaluation of tumor-affinitive boron-containing drugs have spurred interest in NCT. This article presents some basic physical notions and a historic overview of NCT that emphasizes the well documented early trials as well as some recent developments. Problems which occurred in the past now demand special efforts for a better understanding of the effects of NCT before starting new clinical trials in the next few years.
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