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Lin YC, Chou FI, Liao JW, Liu YH, Hwang JJ. The Effect of Low-Dose Gamma Irradiation on the Uptake of Boronophenylalanine to Enhance the Efficacy of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in an Orthotopic Oral Cancer Model. Radiat Res 2021; 195:347-354. [PMID: 33513230 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00102.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The success of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) mainly depends on the boron concentration in the tumor and a high tumor/normal tissue (T/N) boron ratio or a high tumor/blood (T/B) boron ratio. Therefore, the effective enhancement of boron ratios is the first priority. Our study investigated whether a low-dose of γ-radiation (LDR) could improve boron ratios and enhance the therapeutic effects of BNCT in an orthotopic human oral squamous cell carcinoma-bearing animal model. SAS/luc cells were used to establish the orthotopic tumor-bearing model. The pharmacokinetics of boronophenylalanine (BPA) administration with 400 mg/kg of body weight both alone and in combination with LDR (0.1 Gy) was evaluated, and BNCT was performed at the Tsing Hua Open-pool Reactor (THOR). The radiation doses were evaluated using a treatment planning system. Moreover, tumor growth and metastasis were monitored via bioluminescence imaging (BLI). The therapeutic effects after BNCT were evaluated using BLI, histopathological findings and the overall survival rate. LDR increased the BPA accumulation in tumors by 52.2%. T/N and T/B ratios were enhanced from 3.77 to 5.31 and from 3.47 to 4.46, respectively. Radiation dose was increased by 44.3%. Notably, tumor recurrence and cervical lymph node metastasis were observed in the BNCT group, which had a survival rate of 50%. Complete responses were found in the combined-treatment group, which had a survival rate of 100%. No toxicity was found according to the histopathological findings. Conclusively, LDR increased BPA accumulation in the tumor and the T/N and T/B ratios, resulting in BNCT efficacy improvement and the overall survival rate extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Lin
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Fong-In Chou
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Jeng-Jong Hwang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Masilamani AP, Dettmer-Monaco V, Monaco G, Cathomen T, Kuckuck I, Schultze-Seemann S, Huber N, Wolf P. An Anti-PSMA Immunotoxin Reduces Mcl-1 and Bcl2A1 and Specifically Induces in Combination with the BAD-Like BH3 Mimetic ABT-737 Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061648. [PMID: 32580291 PMCID: PMC7352695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in advanced prostate cancer leads to therapeutic resistance by prevention of cell death. New therapeutic approaches aim to target the Bcl-2 proteins for the restoration of apoptosis. Methods: The immunotoxin hD7-1(VL-VH)-PE40 specifically binds to the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on prostate cancer cells and inhibits protein biosynthesis. It was tested with respect to its effects on the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Combination with the BAD-like mimetic ABT-737 was examined on prostate cancer cells and 3D spheroids and in view of tumor growth and survival in the prostate cancer SCID mouse xenograft model. Results: The immunotoxin led to a specific inhibition of Mcl-1 and Bcl2A1 expression in PSMA expressing target cells. Its combination with ABT-737, which inhibits Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-w, led to an induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and to a synergistic cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells and 3D spheroids. Furthermore, combination therapy led to a significantly prolonged survival of mice bearing prostate cancer xenografts based on an inhibition of tumor growth. Conclusion: The combination therapy of anti-PSMA immunotoxin plus ABT-737 represents the first tumor-specific therapeutic approach on the level of Bcl-2 proteins for the induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anie P. Masilamani
- Department of Urology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.P.M.); (I.K.); (S.S.-S.); (N.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Viviane Dettmer-Monaco
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gianni Monaco
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Irina Kuckuck
- Department of Urology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.P.M.); (I.K.); (S.S.-S.); (N.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Susanne Schultze-Seemann
- Department of Urology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.P.M.); (I.K.); (S.S.-S.); (N.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Nathalie Huber
- Department of Urology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.P.M.); (I.K.); (S.S.-S.); (N.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Philipp Wolf
- Department of Urology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.P.M.); (I.K.); (S.S.-S.); (N.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (V.D.-M.); (G.M.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-270-28921
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Wolf P. Tumor-Specific Induction of the Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway-A New Therapeutic Option for Advanced Prostate Cancer? Front Oncol 2019; 9:590. [PMID: 31312616 PMCID: PMC6614431 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wolf
- Department of Urology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Hall C, Troutman SM, Price DK, Figg WD, Kang MH. Bcl-2 family of proteins as therapeutic targets in genitourinary neoplasms. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2012; 11:10-9. [PMID: 23083798 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overexpression of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) proteins confers the dysregulation of apoptosis and results in drug resistance in a variety of cancers, including those of the genitourinary tract. Inhibitors that target prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins are in preclinical and clinical development. The objective of this review is to assess the involvement of Bcl-2 proteins as well as the preclinical and clinical activity of Bcl-2 inhibitors under evaluation for genitourinary neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed was used with both medical subject heading terms and free search to identify the relevant literature. Information on clinical trials was obtained using http://Clincaltrials.gov, EU Clinical Trials Register, and meeting abstracts of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. RESULTS To date, 2 Bcl-2 inhibitors have been evaluated in clinical trials for genitourinary tumors (oblimersen and AT-101 (R-(-)-gossypol)). Both agents demonstrated some success in early stages of development, but their clinical activity did not meet expectations. Preclinical studies are under way for other Bcl-2 inhibitors including ABT-737, HA14-1, and Bcl-2 homology 3 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins are potential molecular targets in genitourinary cancers. Bcl-2 inhibitors might be effective as single agents or in combination with conventional therapies. However, the biology of the Bcl-2 family in genitourinary cancers remains poorly understood and robust preclinical studies are needed to inform clinical development. Such studies should aim to identify: (1) pharmacodynamic markers that could help guide patient selection for treatment with Bcl-2 inhibitors, and (2) optimal combinations of Bcl-2 inhibitors with other anticancer agents for future clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Hall
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
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Mena S, Rodriguez ML, Ortega A, Priego S, Obrador E, Asensi M, Petschen I, Cerdá M, Brown BD, Estrela JM. Glutathione and Bcl-2 targeting facilitates elimination by chemoradiotherapy of human A375 melanoma xenografts overexpressing bcl-xl, bcl-2, and mcl-1. J Transl Med 2012; 10:8. [PMID: 22233801 PMCID: PMC3268086 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bcl-2 is believed to contribute to melanoma chemoresistance. However, expression of Bcl-2 proteins may be different among melanomas. Thus correlations among expression of Bcl-2-related proteins and in vivo melanoma progression, and resistance to combination therapies, was investigated. METHODS Human A375 melanoma was injected s.c. into immunodeficient nude mice. Protein expression was studied in tumor samples obtained by laser microdisection. Transfection of siRNA or ectopic overexpression were applied to manipulate proteins which are up- or down-regulated, preferentially, during melanoma progression. Anti-bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotides and chemoradiotherapy (glutathione-depleting agents, paclitaxel protein-binding particles, daunorubicin, X rays) were administered in combination. RESULTS In vivo A375 cells down-regulated pro-apoptotic bax expression; and up-regulated anti-apoptotic bcl-2, bcl-xl, and mcl-1, however only Bcl-2 appeared critical for long-term tumor cell survival and progression in vivo. Reduction of Bcl-2, combined with partial therapies, decreased melanoma growth. But only Bcl-2 targeting plus the full combination of chemoradiotherapy eradicated A375 melanoma, and led to long-term survival (> 120 days) without recurrence in 80% of mice. Tumor regression was not due to immune stimulation. Hematology and clinical chemistry data were within accepted clinical toxicities. CONCLUSION Strategies to target Bcl-2, may increase the effectiveness of antitumor therapies against melanomas overexpressing Bcl-2 and likely other Bcl-2-related antiapoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mena
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Anai S, Sakamoto N, Sakai Y, Tanaka M, Porvasnik S, Urbanek C, Cao W, Goodison S, Rosser CJ. Dual targeting of Bcl-2 and VEGF: A potential strategy to improve therapy for prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2011; 29:421-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2009.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lin YC, Wang SJ, Chung HP, Liu HM, Chou FI. Low dose of gamma irradiation enhanced boronophenylalanine uptake in head and neck carcinoma cells for boron neutron capture therapy. Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 69:1728-31. [PMID: 21393007 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to increase the boron uptake of human head and neck carcinoma SAS cells for BNCT by using a gamma dose of 0.1 Gy for combined treatment. Intracellular boron concentrations in 25 μgB/mL medium of BPA treated and BPA combined gamma-irradiation treated SAS cells were 73.8±1.73 and 95.15±1.36 ppm, respectively. After neutron irradiation, the G2/M-phase cell populations of untreated, BPA treated and BPA combined gamma-irradiation treated SAS cells were 19.31±1.71%, 52.47±2.25% and 59.19±2.63%, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the low dose gamma radiation with combination BPA treatment has the highest killing rate after neutron irradiation. Capable of significantly increasing the G2/M arrest after neutron irradiation, the combined treatment of a low dose of gamma irradiation with 25 μg B/mL medium of BPA also provided a higher killing effect for BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Lin
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Loriot Y, Mordant P, Deutsch E. Antisense oligonucleotide targeting Bcl-2 messenger RNA in cancer: bad drug, bad target, neither or both? Ann Oncol 2009; 20:596-7; author reply 597. [PMID: 19164457 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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