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de Lima-Souza RA, Rodrigues NDM, Scarini JF, Silva MFS, Tincani AJ, Egal ESA, Altemani A, Mariano FV. Metabolic alterations in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma development of lacrimal glands. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 42:1101-1109. [PMID: 34757565 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate metabolic alterations along with the carcinoma ex pleomorphic adneoma (CXPA) development of lacrimal glands (LG). METHODS Four samples of the normal LG (NLG), 9 of pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 4 of residual PA (rPA), and 4 of CXPA of LG were included. GLUT-1, HIF-1α, FASN, and adipophilin by immunohistochemical stains were performed in the selected cases. RESULTS Was observed higher expression of markers associated with glycolytic and lipid metabolism in the tumor tissue samples when compared to the NLG samples. Additionally, GLUT-1, FASN, and Adipophilin were more expressed in CXPA samples while HIF-1α in PA samples. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results demonstrate overexpression of FASN and Adipophilin in CXPA which may reflect a metabolic shift toward lipogenesis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reydson Alcides de Lima-Souza
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália de Magalhães Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Figueira Scarini
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mário Fernandez Sobral Silva
- Department of Surgery, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alfio José Tincani
- Department of Surgery, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Said Abu Egal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Albina Altemani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Scarini JF, Rosa LF, Souza RADL, Egal ESA, Tincani AJ, Martins AS, Kowalski LP, Graner E, Coletta RD, Carlos R, Gondak RDO, de Almeida OP, Altemani AMDAM, Bastos DC, Mariano FV. Gene and immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α, GLUT-1, FASN, and adipophilin in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma development. Oral Dis 2020; 26:1190-1199. [PMID: 32180291 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the gene and immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α, GLUT-1, FASN, and adipophilin in normal salivary gland (NSG), pleomorphic adenoma (PA), and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS The gene expression was investigated by the real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method in 9 samples of frozen tissues of normal salivary gland, 13 PA, and 10 CXPA. We validated the reactions by immunohistochemistry on 20 samples from NSG, 85 PA, and 44 CXPA. RESULTS Our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in HIF-1α gene and immunohistochemistry expression among the tissues studied while FASN gene and immunohistochemistry expression increased along the carcinogenesis of the PA. GLUT-1 was significantly more expressed in tumor tissues (PA and CXPA), although protein is mainly expressed in transformed cells than in PA and NSG. In contrast, adipophilin was significantly more expressed in NSG while the expression of the protein increased in PA and CXPA. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the data presented here suggest that neoplastic cells reprogram the expression of GLUT-1 and adipophilin to adapt to the tumor microenvironment and reinforce, through immunohistochemical results, a possible transcriptional and post-translational regulatory mechanisms that act on the expression of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alfio José Tincani
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences/UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edgard Graner
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School/UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Roman Carlos
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Laboratory, Head and Neck Clinical Center, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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Cardoso CM, de Jesus SF, de Souza MG, Santos EM, Santos CKC, Silveira CM, Santos SHS, de Paula AMB, Farias LC, Guimarães ALS. Is HIF1-a deregulated in malignant salivary neoplasms? Gene 2019; 701:41-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Forster JC, Harriss-Phillips WM, Douglass MJ, Bezak E. A review of the development of tumor vasculature and its effects on the tumor microenvironment. HYPOXIA 2017; 5:21-32. [PMID: 28443291 PMCID: PMC5395278 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s133231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The imbalance of angiogenic regulators in tumors drives tumor angiogenesis and causes the vasculature to develop much differently in tumors than in normal tissue. There are several cancer therapy techniques currently being used and developed that target the tumor vasculature for the treatment of solid tumors. This article reviews the aspects of the tumor vasculature that are relevant to most cancer therapies but particularly to vascular targeting techniques. Materials and methods We conducted a review of identified experiments in which tumors were transplanted into animals to study the development of the tumor vasculature with tumor growth. Quantitative vasculature morphology data for spontaneous human head and neck cancers are reviewed. Parameters assessed include the highest microvascular density (h-MVD) and the relative vascular volume (RVV). The effects of the vasculature on the tumor microenvironment are discussed, including the distributions of hypoxia and proliferation. Results Data for the h-MVD and RVV in head and neck cancers are highly varied, partly due to methodological differences. However, it is clear that the cancers are typically more vascularized than the corresponding normal tissue. The commonly observed chronic hypoxia and acute hypoxia in these tumors are due to high intratumor heterogeneity in MVD and lower than normal blood oxygenation levels through the abnormally developed tumor vasculature. Hypoxic regions are associated with decreased cell proliferation. Conclusion The morphology of the vasculature strongly influences the tumor microenvironment, with important implications for tumor response to medical intervention such as radiotherapy. Quantitative vasculature morphology data herein may be used to inform computational models that simulate the spatial tumor vasculature. Such models may play an important role in exploring and optimizing vascular targeting cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake C Forster
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital
| | - Wendy M Harriss-Phillips
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital
| | - Michael Jj Douglass
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital
| | - Eva Bezak
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide.,Sansom Institute for Health Research and the School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Forster JC, Douglass MJJ, Harriss-Phillips WM, Bezak E. Development of an in silico stochastic 4D model of tumor growth with angiogenesis. Med Phys 2017; 44:1563-1576. [PMID: 28129434 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A stochastic computer model of tumour growth with spatial and temporal components that includes tumour angiogenesis was developed. In the current work it was used to simulate head and neck tumour growth. The model also provides the foundation for a 4D cellular radiotherapy simulation tool. METHODS The model, developed in Matlab, contains cell positions randomised in 3D space without overlap. Blood vessels are represented by strings of blood vessel units which branch outwards to achieve the desired tumour relative vascular volume. Hypoxic cells have an increased cell cycle time and become quiescent at oxygen tensions less than 1 mmHg. Necrotic cells are resorbed. A hierarchy of stem cells, transit cells and differentiated cells is considered along with differentiated cell loss. Model parameters include the relative vascular volume (2-10%), blood oxygenation (20-100 mmHg), distance from vessels to the onset of necrosis (80-300 μm) and probability for stem cells to undergo symmetric division (2%). Simulations were performed to observe the effects of hypoxia on tumour growth rate for head and neck cancers. Simulations were run on a supercomputer with eligible parts running in parallel on 12 cores. RESULTS Using biologically plausible model parameters for head and neck cancers, the tumour volume doubling time varied from 45 ± 5 days (n = 3) for well oxygenated tumours to 87 ± 5 days (n = 3) for severely hypoxic tumours. CONCLUSIONS The main achievements of the current model were randomised cell positions and the connected vasculature structure between the cells. These developments will also be beneficial when irradiating the simulated tumours using Monte Carlo track structure methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake C Forster
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Michael J J Douglass
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Wendy M Harriss-Phillips
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,Sansom Institute for Health Research and School of Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
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Suit H, DeLaney T, Goldberg S, Paganetti H, Clasie B, Gerweck L, Niemierko A, Hall E, Flanz J, Hallman J, Trofimov A. Proton vs carbon ion beams in the definitive radiation treatment of cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2010; 95:3-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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