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Abdallah AM, Odat RM, Hanifa H, Shakhatreh Z, Sharqiah QM, Daoud S. Neurofibromatosis to neoplasia transition: a rare case report of spindle cell malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:6129-6135. [PMID: 39359752 PMCID: PMC11444530 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue malignant tumor. MPNST in the spinal canal is rarely seen except in cases of neurofibromatosis type 1. However, a long-segment extradural spinal malignant spindle cell neoplasm has not been reported in the current literature. Case presentation We present the first reported case of spinal malignant spindle cell neoplasm extended along the spine. The detected lesion is responsible for compressing various segments of the spinal cord, causing thinning of the cord and secondary stenosis of the spinal canal, leading to a condition known as multisegment compression myelopathy. Clinical discussion MPNSTs are typically detected late due to nonspecific symptoms, with a higher incidence in extremities and a notable occurrence in unusual locations. Diagnosis relies on MRI and histopathology, with S_100 positivity as a neural marker. MPNSTs can arise from neurofibromas or Schwann cells, with a significant portion resulting from TP53 mutations or secondary to radiation exposure. Conclusion This case stands out due to its unique presentation, characterized by a predominantly spindle cell morphology with certain epithelioid features. It is imperative to recognize this condition for an accurate diagnosis, emphasizing the spindle cell-type MPNST and highlighting its exceptionally poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Abdallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ramez M. Odat
- Faculty of medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hamdah Hanifa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kalamoon, Al-Nabk, Syria
| | - Zaid Shakhatreh
- Faculty of medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Qosay M. Sharqiah
- Department of Pathology, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Suleiman Daoud
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Costa R, Maximo J, Fernandes P, Guimarães S, Silva R, Magalhães A. A rare case of pulmonary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Pulmonology 2023; 29:574-575. [PMID: 36907816 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Costa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário são João, Portugal.
| | - José Maximo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário são João, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fernandes
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário são João, Portugal
| | - Susana Guimarães
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Silva
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Magalhães
- Department of Pulmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário são João, Portugal
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Eberspacher C, Arcieri S, Coletta E, Pontone S, Arcieri FL, Mascagni D. Transperineal excision of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors of the ischiorectal fossa: Case report of a rare tumor in a frequently forgotten anatomical region. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 110:108674. [PMID: 37598486 PMCID: PMC10462861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is an aggressive tumor that arises from peripheral nerves. Frequently associated with neurofibromatosis, its common localization is in the extremities, trunk (with paravertebral regions), neck and head. Some cases have been found in the pelvis or uterus. In this case report we illustrate one of the rarest localization of this type of tumor in the ischiorectal fossa, with the full recovery of the patient after surgical excision and radiotherapy. CASE PRESENTATION A 61-year-old woman showed a lump near the anus which was initially diagnosed as a lipoma of the right ischiorectal fossa, by Computed Tomography scan. The tumor was completely removed with a minimal skin incision, and the patient had a complete recovery. Only the pathological examination determined the diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, in this unusual localization. In consideration of its high aggressiveness the patient underwent radiotherapy. After more than two years of follow-up there is no sign of recurrence. DISCUSSION In sites far from branches of nerves, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors can be considered episodic. Ischiorectal fossa is a rare localization, and the differential diagnosis from benign mesenchymal cell tumors can be challenging. When possible, a biopsy should be performed before surgery. CONCLUSION Surgical excision of tumors in ischiorectal fossa should be always complete, in consideration of possible histological surprise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Arcieri
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrico Coletta
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Pontone
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
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Borovika A, Deksnis R, Zariņš J, Isajevs S. Rare malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of vagus nerve: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 104:107940. [PMID: 36857802 PMCID: PMC9986510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.107940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MPNST is a rare type of malignancy classified as malignant soft tissue sarcoma. One-fourth to one-half of MPNST arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and generally involves major nerve trunks of proximal extremities and body, rarely head and neck region. Aggressive nature of the disease shows poor overall prognosis, where treatment modalities are also limited. PRESENTATION OF CASE 62-year-old otherwise healthy female underwent radical surgical treatment due to the mass of the right side of the neck. Preoperative MRI studies showed well defined partly cystic and visually malignant neoplasm of the carotid sheath in upper third of the neck. Well-defined tumor of the right vagus nerve was detected during the surgery and was excised with safe and radical margins. Further histological study confirmed MPNST diagnosis. Defect of the vagus nerve was reconstructed with a nerve grafts to maintain and improve patients quality of the life. Adjuvant radiotherapy was appointed. At one year follow-up period no evidence of disease recurrence was found. Nevertheless, patient reported significant improvement of functionality and less vagus nerve impairment symptoms. DISCUSSION In this article we discuss main epidemiological data of MPNST as well as distinction of our clinical case peculiarities from data mentioned in literature. CONCLUSION MPNST are described as aggressive neoplasms with unfavorable short and long-term prognosis. Early diagnosis and radical surgical intervention not only improve patient prognosis but also allow to use additional treatment options to improve patients survival and quality of the life even in case of MPNST.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renārs Deksnis
- Riga East University Hospital Latvian Centre of Oncology, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradiņš University, Department of Otolaryngology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jānis Zariņš
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery Centre of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Sergejs Isajevs
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; Riga East University Hospital, Centre of Pathology, Riga, Latvia; Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Riga, Latvia
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Correia PS, Rosa F, Sousa V, Alves FB, Caldeira JP, Ferreira J, Martins C, Cunha TM. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor mimicking an adnexal mass: a radio-pathologic correlation. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 18:250-255. [PMID: 36353250 PMCID: PMC9638724 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a pelvic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor mimicking an adnexal mass. A 59-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a 3-month history of diffuse abdominal bloating and urinary frequency. Laboratory tests revealed an increased CA 125. Radiologic evaluation depicted a large, heterogeneous solid mass located right to the uterus, pushing it to the left. After a multidisciplinary board discussion, the diagnosis of a right adnexal lesion was assumed, and the patient was referred to surgery. The final diagnosis was only achieved after pathology examination, which prove to be a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. This paper highlights some clinical, radiologic and pathological features of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, a rare entity that should be considered as a differential in patients presenting with pelvic tumors of uncertain origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Santos Correia
- Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central, Rua José António Serrano, 1150-199 Lisbon, Portugal
- Corresponding author.
| | - Filipa Rosa
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vera Sousa
- Department of Gynaecology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Barros Alves
- Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de S. João, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Caldeira
- Department of Radiology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carmo Martins
- Molecular Pathology Research Unit (UIPM), Instituto Portugus de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Margarida Cunha
- Department of Radiology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
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Maane LA, Bouzidi AA, Damou M, Ismaili N. Primary intrapulmonary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: A rare case. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 25:100243. [PMID: 33260029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A rare case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) was found in the lungs of a 68-year-old male patient. He was referred to our hospital because of visual disturbances, confusion, and headaches. Upon admission, a chest-Abdomen-Pelvis CT scan (CT scan of CAP) showed a right posterobasal pulmonary lesion process associated with liver metastases and a lytic lesion of the vertebral body of D3. Brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) revealed secondary brain lesions above and below the tentorium. Image guided liver biopsy showed a suspicious site of malignancy. In the histopathological examination, a diagnosis of MPNST was established. A biological agent, Imatinib, was administered and the patient underwent cerebral radiotherapy. CT scan of CAP showed a partial tumor response according to Chun's criteria. Pre-existing literature indicates that MPNSTs with metastases to the brain are very rare and have a poor prognosis - survival after brain metastases would be about 10 months. Our case report agrees with the literature, as the disease stabilized with treatment up to 7 months, after which the patient was unreachable and our team lost track of him. Our case report appears to be one of the first cases of primary MPNST in the lungs with brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abdallaoui Maane
- Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abderrahmane Al Bouzidi
- Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Meriem Damou
- Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco; Medical Oncology Department, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Nabil Ismaili
- Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco; Medical Oncology Department, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
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