Evisceration of small bowel through spontaneous perforation of rectum: Case report and review of literature

Spontaneous Transvaginal Small Bowel Evisceration With Uterine Procidentia: A Report of a Rare Case

Spontaneous transvaginal small bowel evisceration is an extremely rare condition with a few more than 100 documented cases to date. The complications of such a rare entity revolve around its preoperative presentation as well as its operative and postoperative complications. The complications seen are intestinal incarcerations and perforations with an increased risk of post-surgical ileus and peritonitis in a time-dependent fashion. In our case, a postmenopausal female presented with sudden onset bowel evisceration through a defect in the posterior vaginal apex during straining for defecation. Past medical history was significant for intermittent abdominal pain, bloating, and chronic constipation. The patient had no signs of trauma, signs of sexual assault, preceding events, or prior urinary disturbances. The patient was treated surgically with laparotomy and bowel-packing followed by Ward-Mayo's repair with added on anterior and posterior colporrhaphy, and site-specific repair. Postoperatively, following a period of prolonged ileus, the patient made a full recovery. This case report aims to provide a better understanding of the mechanism and occurrence of such an event and also intends to raise awareness of this rare presentation as an emergency condition requiring prompt surgical management.