Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst of the chest wall: A case report with brief literature review

Right Thoracoscopic Excision of an Esophageal Bronchogenic Cyst

Bronchogenic cysts, first described in 1859, are rare congenital cystic malformations of the respiratory tract, with an incidence of one per 42,000-68,000 hospital admissions in one hospital series. They comprise 10-15% of mediastinal tumors and between 50% and 60% of mediastinal cystic lesions. Its clinical diagnosis is often challenging due to the absence of distinct imaging features. This case report focuses on the case of a 51-year-old female who initially received a misdiagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma. Subsequently, during exploration in the operating theater, right thoracoscopy revealed the presence of an esophageal bronchogenic cyst.

Bronchogenic cyst: a rare cause of palpitations and atrial fibrillation

Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital lesions found primarily in the mediastinum. Most patients are asymptomatic and can be treated with minimally invasive resection. We present a case of a middle-aged patient who presented to a district general hospital with palpitations and shortness of breath. She underwent a computerised tomographic pulmonary angiogram that showed a likely bronchogenic cyst and was subsequently transferred to our hospital. She developed atrial fibrillation during admission requiring therapy with beta-blockers and digoxin. Cardiac MRI revealed a large cyst posterior to the left atrium, a moderate circumferential pericardial effusion and bilateral pleural effusions. There was significant left atrial compression. The patient underwent surgical removal of the cyst and was discharged. She returned to the hospital within a week with palpitations and was treated with intravenous antibiotics for sepsis. She was discharged a week later and remained clinically stable.

Spindle-cell thymoma colliding with a bronchogenic cyst in a Yorkshire terrier

An 8-year-old male Yorkshire terrier was presented to the Tufts Veterinary Hospital for evaluation of increased respiratory effort. A mediastinal mass composed of a spindle-cell thymoma within a bronchogenic cyst was diagnosed with computed tomography thoracic imaging, ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirate biopsy, and histopathologic evaluation after surgical removal. Histologic evaluation showed a multilocular cyst structure as well as a mass characterized by spindle to polygonal thymic epithelial cells. The cyst was characterized by a lining of ciliated pseudostratified respiratory epithelium. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a spindle-cell thymoma being associated with a mediastinal bronchogenic cyst in a dog.

Uniportal vats approach to bronchogenic cyst, East Borneo experience: A case report

INTRODUCTION

Abnormalities in the development of the ventral foregut may result in bronchogenic cysts. Depending on the extent of aberrant budding, the location of a bronchogenic cyst might vary. The location and, more crucially, the size of the mass determine the onset of symptoms in individuals with bronchogenic cysts. Mediastinal bronchogenic cysts are mostly asymptomatic mediastinal masses discovered incidentally in adults. With the recent advancements in thoracoscopy, the removal can now be performed without the need for thoracotomies.

CASE PRESENTATION

We reported the case of incidental findings of an asymptomatic mediastinal bronchogenic cyst and opted for single-incision video-assisted thoracic surgery. The patient required no postoperative intensive care and discharged on third day after surgery with no complications.

DISCUSSION

Single-incision video-assisted thoracic surgery, also known as uniportal VATS, has swept the field of thoracic surgery in recent years, allowing us to execute challenging surgeries with a small single incision, avoiding the inherent morbidity of the standard open thoracotomy. We were able to remove mediastinal bronchogenic cysts using uniportal VATS completely. This method eliminates the need for post-operative critical care, reducing scarring and shortening hospital stays.

CONCLUSION

Bronchogenic cysts are uncommon mediastinal masses necessary for surgical therapy when discovered. The advancement of minimally invasive techniques offers surgeons safe new alternatives.

A rare case of bronchogenic cyst in the parapharyngeal space

Ectopic bronchogenic cyst arising from the parapharyngeal space is extremely rare and has only been reported once in a case report written in Chinese. Here, we reported one case with such a rare congenital abnormality. The patient accidentally found a mass in the parapharyngeal space when taking the head MRI scan. The CT scan showed a 2.6 × 1.9 cm low-density nodule with a well-defined border. The pathological exam confirmed its diagnosis of parapharyngeal bronchogenic cyst.